How to convert SQLite to MySQL?

Is it possible to convert SQLite to MySQL “as is”? NO

Obviously you can export SQLite database to dump file using SQLite .dump command.
sqlite3 sample.db .dump > dump.sql

Then import SQLite dump into the MySQL database.
mysql -p -u root -h 127.0.0.1 test < dump.sql

But actually, you can’t convert data between two heterogeneous databases this way. In the second step, you will be stuck with errors. The reason is differences in grammar between SQLite and MySQL syntax.

Write a Perl/ Python script to migrate SQLite to MySQL? Maybe

Writing a simple script would help with simple databases.
In the most trivial way python code may looks like:

objects = ModelObject.objects.using('sqlite').all()

for obj in objects:
    obj.save(using='mysql')

But it is not enough in most cases.

To address the challenges of data migration between SQLite and MySQL, check out DBConvert for PostgreSQL and Oracle.

What is GEEK

Buddha Community

Best MySQL DigitalOcean Performance – ScaleGrid vs. DigitalOcean Managed Databases

HTML to Markdown

MySQL is the all-time number one open source database in the world, and a staple in RDBMS space. DigitalOcean is quickly building its reputation as the developers cloud by providing an affordable, flexible and easy to use cloud platform for developers to work with. MySQL on DigitalOcean is a natural fit, but what’s the best way to deploy your cloud database? In this post, we are going to compare the top two providers, DigitalOcean Managed Databases for MySQL vs. ScaleGrid MySQL hosting on DigitalOcean.

At a glance – TLDR
ScaleGrid Blog - At a glance overview - 1st pointCompare Throughput
ScaleGrid averages almost 40% higher throughput over DigitalOcean for MySQL, with up to 46% higher throughput in write-intensive workloads. Read now

ScaleGrid Blog - At a glance overview - 2nd pointCompare Latency
On average, ScaleGrid achieves almost 30% lower latency over DigitalOcean for the same deployment configurations. Read now

ScaleGrid Blog - At a glance overview - 3rd pointCompare Pricing
ScaleGrid provides 30% more storage on average vs. DigitalOcean for MySQL at the same affordable price. Read now

MySQL DigitalOcean Performance Benchmark
In this benchmark, we compare equivalent plan sizes between ScaleGrid MySQL on DigitalOcean and DigitalOcean Managed Databases for MySQL. We are going to use a common, popular plan size using the below configurations for this performance benchmark:

Comparison Overview
ScaleGridDigitalOceanInstance TypeMedium: 4 vCPUsMedium: 4 vCPUsMySQL Version8.0.208.0.20RAM8GB8GBSSD140GB115GBDeployment TypeStandaloneStandaloneRegionSF03SF03SupportIncludedBusiness-level support included with account sizes over $500/monthMonthly Price$120$120

As you can see above, ScaleGrid and DigitalOcean offer the same plan configurations across this plan size, apart from SSD where ScaleGrid provides over 20% more storage for the same price.

To ensure the most accurate results in our performance tests, we run the benchmark four times for each comparison to find the average performance across throughput and latency over read-intensive workloads, balanced workloads, and write-intensive workloads.

Throughput
In this benchmark, we measure MySQL throughput in terms of queries per second (QPS) to measure our query efficiency. To quickly summarize the results, we display read-intensive, write-intensive and balanced workload averages below for 150 threads for ScaleGrid vs. DigitalOcean MySQL:

ScaleGrid MySQL vs DigitalOcean Managed Databases - Throughput Performance Graph

For the common 150 thread comparison, ScaleGrid averages almost 40% higher throughput over DigitalOcean for MySQL, with up to 46% higher throughput in write-intensive workloads.

#cloud #database #developer #digital ocean #mysql #performance #scalegrid #95th percentile latency #balanced workloads #developers cloud #digitalocean droplet #digitalocean managed databases #digitalocean performance #digitalocean pricing #higher throughput #latency benchmark #lower latency #mysql benchmark setup #mysql client threads #mysql configuration #mysql digitalocean #mysql latency #mysql on digitalocean #mysql throughput #performance benchmark #queries per second #read-intensive #scalegrid mysql #scalegrid vs. digitalocean #throughput benchmark #write-intensive

Exploring MySQL Binlog Server - Ripple

MySQL does not limit the number of slaves that you can connect to the master server in a replication topology. However, as the number of slaves increases, they will have a toll on the master resources because the binary logs will need to be served to different slaves working at different speeds. If the data churn on the master is high, the serving of binary logs alone could saturate the network interface of the master.

A classic solution for this problem is to deploy a binlog server – an intermediate proxy server that sits between the master and its slaves. The binlog server is set up as a slave to the master, and in turn, acts as a master to the original set of slaves. It receives binary log events from the master, does not apply these events, but serves them to all the other slaves. This way, the load on the master is tremendously reduced, and at the same time, the binlog server serves the binlogs more efficiently to slaves since it does not have to do any other database server processing.

Ripple is an open source binlog server developed by Pavel Ivanov. A blog post from Percona, titled MySQL Ripple: The First Impression of a MySQL Binlog Server, gives a very good introduction to deploying and using Ripple. I had an opportunity to explore Ripple in some more detail and wanted to share my observations through this post.

1. Support for GTID based replication

Ripple supports only GTID mode, and not file and position-based replication. If your master is running in non-GTID mode, you will get this error from Ripple:

Failed to read packet: Got error reading packet from server: The replication sender thread cannot start in AUTO_POSITION mode: this server has GTID_MODE = OFF instead of ON.

You can specify Server_id and UUID for the ripple server using the cmd line options: -ripple_server_id and -ripple_server_uuid

Both are optional parameters, and if not specified, Ripple will use the default server_id=112211 and uuid will be auto generated.

2. Connecting to the master using replication user and password

While connecting to the master, you can specify the replication user and password using the command line options:

-ripple_master_user and -ripple_master_password

3. Connection endpoint for the Ripple server

You can use the command line options -ripple_server_ports and -ripple_server_address to specify the connection end points for the Ripple server. Ensure to specify the network accessible hostname or IP address of your Ripple server as the -rippple_server_address. Otherwise, by default, Ripple will bind to localhost and hence you will not be able to connect to it remotely.

4. Setting up slaves to the Ripple server

You can use the CHANGE MASTER TO command to connect your slaves to replicate from the Ripple server.

To ensure that Ripple can authenticate the password that you use to connect to it, you need to start Ripple by specifying the option -ripple_server_password_hash

For example, if you start the ripple server with the command:

rippled -ripple_datadir=./binlog_server -ripple_master_address= <master ip> -ripple_master_port=3306 -ripple_master_user=repl -ripple_master_password='password' -ripple_server_ports=15000 -ripple_server_address='172.31.23.201' -ripple_server_password_hash='EF8C75CB6E99A0732D2DE207DAEF65D555BDFB8E'

you can use the following CHANGE MASTER TO command to connect from the slave:

CHANGE MASTER TO master_host='172.31.23.201', master_port=15000, master_password=’XpKWeZRNH5#satCI’, master_user=’rep’

Note that the password hash specified for the Ripple server corresponds to the text password used in the CHANGE MASTER TO command. Currently, Ripple does not authenticate based on the usernames and accepts any non-empty username as long as the password matches.

Exploring MySQL Binlog Server - Ripple

CLICK TO TWEET

5. Ripple server management

It’s possible to monitor and manage the Ripple server using the MySQL protocol from any standard MySQL client. There are a limited set of commands that are supported which you can see directly in the source code on the mysql-ripple GitHub page.

Some of the useful commands are:

• SELECT @@global.gtid_executed; – To see the GTID SET of the Ripple server based on its downloaded binary logs.
• STOP SLAVE; – To disconnect the Ripple server from the master.
• START SLAVE; – To connect the Ripple server to the master.

#cloud #database #developer #high availability #mysql #performance #binary logs #gtid replication #mysql binlog #mysql protocol #mysql ripple #mysql server #parallel threads #proxy server #replication topology #ripple server

How to Convert Base 2 Binary Number String To integer In Python

In this pythonn tutorial we will learn about how to convert base 2 binary number string to integer in Python. Ever faced the challenge of converting a binary number string into an integer for smooth processing in your Python code? Python offers seamless solutions for transforming data types without a hitch, making it an ideal choice for developers worldwide.

In this article, we’ll delve into two popular methods to tackle binary string conversion: Python’s built-in int() function and the powerful bitstring library, part of the bit array package. Join us as we break down each approach, guiding you through the process of efficient typecasting in Python.

What Is A Base-2 Number String?

A binary number is expressed in the base-2 number system using only “0”s and “1”s. The zeros and ones are called the index of a binary number. They are also called “bits”.

A computer system only uses the binary system for computations. It is the way in which machine code is written. Circuit diagrams can be used to represent the working of binary systems.

Boolean algebra including “AND”, “OR” and “NOT” gates can be used to represent addition, subtraction, multiplications in the binary system.

We can easily convert a number that is an integer from the decimal system, that is the base-10 system to the binary system by dividing it with 2 and arranging the remainders in a bottom-to-top order.

Converting Decimal to Base-2 Numbers

A binary number can also be converted easily into a decimal number in mathematics.

Converting a Base-2 Number String to an Integer in Python

A string in python is something that is written between two quotation marks, for example, “this is a string”.

Hence, a base-2 number string is a binary number written between two quotation marks . For example-‘1010001’ is a base-2 number string.

Advantages of Explicit Typecasting in Python

In python, programmers can clearly define the conversion of one data type into another in their code. This is known as explicit typecasting in python.

Explicit typecasting is extremely useful. Unlike other programming languages, python has built-in functions that can perform explicit typecasting without having to write huge blocks of code for transforming one data type into another.

Explicit typecasting has many advantages. Some of them are:

• It helps in converting lower data types into higher ones for ease of operations.
• It prevents the loss of data when converting from one data type to another.
• Functions like int() and str() are extremely helpful and hassle free to use.

Method 1: Converting Base-2 Number String to Integer Using int() Function

We can use the int() built-in function to convert a string literal into an integer in python. Let’s look at how we can implement this :

#converting a base-2 number string into an integer.
#taking an input for a number in the form of a string
inin=input("Enter a binary number= ")
#displaying the input
print("The given input is=",inin)
#converting using int()
outout=int(inin,2)
#displaying the output
print("the number in the decimal system or as an integer is=",outout)

The output would be:

Enter a binary number= 10011
The given input is= 10011
the number in the decimal system or as an integer is= 19

Example: Converting Binary String with int() Function

Method 2: Converting Base-2 Number String to Integer Using BitString Library

The bitstring module helps in natural and easy creation of binary data. Binary data analysis and manipulation using bitstring comes in very handy along with the BitArray class.

Before we can use this module we have to install in it our system, run the following code in your command prompt:

pip install bitstring

Let’s see how we can implement this:

#converting a base-2 number string into an integer.
#importing required modules
from bitstring import BitArray
#taking an input for a number in the form of a string
inin=input("Enter a binary number= ")
#displaying the input
print("The given input is=",inin)
#converting using bitArray
outout=BitArray(bin=inin).int
#displaying the output
print("the number in the decimal system or as an integer is=",outout)

The output will be:

Enter a binary number= 0100111
The given input is= 0100111
the number in the decimal system or as an integer is= 39

Example: Converting Binary String with Bitstring Module

Conclusion

Throughout this tutorial, we’ve explored the process of converting binary numbers to decimal integers in Python. With Python’s extensive library of built-in functions and modules, there’s no need for manual calculations. Explicit typecasting is a powerful feature that simplifies this conversion process. We have demonstrated two methods for converting base-2 number strings to integers: using the int() function and the bitstring module.

Article source at: https://www.askpython.com

#python 

Converter string de número binário de base 2 em inteiro em Python

Neste tutorial do pythonn, aprenderemos como converter string de número binário de base 2 em inteiro em Python. Já enfrentou o desafio de converter uma string de número binário em um número inteiro para um processamento suave em seu código Python? O Python oferece soluções perfeitas para transformar tipos de dados sem problemas, tornando-o uma escolha ideal para desenvolvedores em todo o mundo.

Neste artigo, vamos nos aprofundar em dois métodos populares para lidar com a conversão de string binária: a função int() integrada do Python e a poderosa biblioteca bitstring, parte do pacote bit array. Junte-se a nós enquanto detalhamos cada abordagem, guiando você pelo processo de typecasting eficiente em Python.

O que é uma sequência numérica de base 2?

Um número binário é expresso no sistema numérico de base 2 usando apenas "0" e "1". Os zeros e uns são chamados de índice de um número binário. Eles também são chamados de "bits".

Um sistema de computador usa apenas o sistema binário para cálculos. É a maneira como o código de máquina é escrito. Diagramas de circuitos podem ser usados ​​para representar o funcionamento de sistemas binários.

Álgebra booleana incluindo portas “AND”, “OR” e “NOT” pode ser usada para representar adição, subtração, multiplicações no sistema binário.

Podemos facilmente converter um número inteiro do sistema decimal, ou seja, o sistema de base 10 para o sistema binário, dividindo-o por 2 e organizando os restos em ordem de baixo para cima.

Convertendo números decimais em base 2

Um número binário também pode ser convertido facilmente em um número decimal em matemática.

Convertendo uma string numérica de base 2 em um número inteiro em Python

Uma string em python é algo escrito entre duas aspas, por exemplo, “isto é uma string”.

Portanto, uma string numérica de base 2 é um número binário escrito entre duas aspas . Por exemplo, '1010001' é uma sequência numérica de base 2.

Vantagens de Typecasting Explícito em Python

Em python, os programadores podem definir claramente a conversão de um tipo de dados em outro em seu código. Isso é conhecido como typecasting explícito em python.

Typecasting explícito é extremamente útil. Ao contrário de outras linguagens de programação, o python possui funções internas que podem realizar typecast explícito sem ter que escrever grandes blocos de código para transformar um tipo de dados em outro.

Typecasting explícito tem muitas vantagens. Alguns deles são:

• Ele ajuda na conversão de tipos de dados inferiores em superiores para facilitar as operações.
• Evita a perda de dados ao converter de um tipo de dados para outro.
• Funções como int() e str() são extremamente úteis e fáceis de usar.

Método 1: Convertendo String de Número Base-2 em Número Inteiro Usando a Função int()

Podemos usar a função interna int() para converter uma string literal em um inteiro em python. Vejamos como podemos implementar isso:

#converting a base-2 number string into an integer.
#taking an input for a number in the form of a string
inin=input("Enter a binary number= ")
#displaying the input
print("The given input is=",inin)
#converting using int()
outout=int(inin,2)
#displaying the output
print("the number in the decimal system or as an integer is=",outout)

A saída seria:

Enter a binary number= 10011
The given input is= 10011
the number in the decimal system or as an integer is= 19

Exemplo: Convertendo String Binária com a Função int()

Método 2: Convertendo String de Número Base-2 em Número Inteiro Usando a Biblioteca BitString

O módulo bitstring ajuda na criação natural e fácil de dados binários. A análise e manipulação de dados binários usando bitstring são muito úteis junto com a classe BitArray.

Antes de podermos usar este módulo, temos que instalar nele nosso sistema, execute o seguinte código em seu prompt de comando:

pip install bitstring

Vejamos como podemos implementar isso:

#converting a base-2 number string into an integer.
#importing required modules
from bitstring import BitArray
#taking an input for a number in the form of a string
inin=input("Enter a binary number= ")
#displaying the input
print("The given input is=",inin)
#converting using bitArray
outout=BitArray(bin=inin).int
#displaying the output
print("the number in the decimal system or as an integer is=",outout)

A saída será:

Enter a binary number= 0100111
The given input is= 0100111
the number in the decimal system or as an integer is= 39

Exemplo: Conversão de String Binária com Módulo Bitstring

Conclusão

Ao longo deste tutorial, exploramos o processo de conversão de números binários em inteiros decimais em Python. Com a extensa biblioteca de funções e módulos integrados do Python, não há necessidade de cálculos manuais. Typecasting explícito é um recurso poderoso que simplifica esse processo de conversão. Demonstramos dois métodos para converter strings numéricas de base 2 em inteiros: usando a função int() e o módulo bitstring.

Fonte do artigo em: https://www.askpython.com

#python 

Setting MySQL Configuration Variables – MySQL 5.7 vs MySQL 8.0

MySQL configuration variables are a set of server system variables used to configure the operation and behavior of the server. In this blog post, we will explain the differences in managing the configuration variables between MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0.

We will explain three different ways for setting the configuration variables based on your use-case. Configuration variables that can be set at run time are called Dynamic variables and those that need a MySQL server restart to take effect are called Non-Dynamic variables.

Setting MySQL Configuration Variables

• 1: Set the Configuration for the Current Lifespan of a Running MySQL Server
• 2: Set and Persist the Configuration Change across MySQL Restarts
• 3: Setting Configuration Variables that are not Dynamic
• MySQL Configuration Management across Multiple Servers

#mysql #mysql 5.7 #mysql 8.0 #mysql server