1623913574
How to Send Emails Using JavaScript through EmailJs
In this video show you how to send emails using JavaScript through EmailJs
Github: https://github.com/Benrobo/Send-Mail-…
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCVzQyQe-OxsBpQY1jA2xo3w/featured
#javascript
What is GEEK
Buddha Community
1667425440
Pdf2gerb: Perl Script Converts PDF Files to Gerber format
pdf2gerb
Perl script converts PDF files to Gerber format
Pdf2Gerb generates Gerber 274X photoplotting and Excellon drill files from PDFs of a PCB. Up to three PDFs are used: the top copper layer, the bottom copper layer (for 2-sided PCBs), and an optional silk screen layer. The PDFs can be created directly from any PDF drawing software, or a PDF print driver can be used to capture the Print output if the drawing software does not directly support output to PDF.
The general workflow is as follows:
- Design the PCB using your favorite CAD or drawing software.
- Print the top and bottom copper and top silk screen layers to a PDF file.
- Run Pdf2Gerb on the PDFs to create Gerber and Excellon files.
- Use a Gerber viewer to double-check the output against the original PCB design.
- Make adjustments as needed.
- Submit the files to a PCB manufacturer.
Please note that Pdf2Gerb does NOT perform DRC (Design Rule Checks), as these will vary according to individual PCB manufacturer conventions and capabilities. Also note that Pdf2Gerb is not perfect, so the output files must always be checked before submitting them. As of version 1.6, Pdf2Gerb supports most PCB elements, such as round and square pads, round holes, traces, SMD pads, ground planes, no-fill areas, and panelization. However, because it interprets the graphical output of a Print function, there are limitations in what it can recognize (or there may be bugs).
See docs/Pdf2Gerb.pdf for install/setup, config, usage, and other info.
pdf2gerb_cfg.pm
#Pdf2Gerb config settings:
#Put this file in same folder/directory as pdf2gerb.pl itself (global settings),
#or copy to another folder/directory with PDFs if you want PCB-specific settings.
#There is only one user of this file, so we don't need a custom package or namespace.
#NOTE: all constants defined in here will be added to main namespace.
#package pdf2gerb_cfg;
use strict; #trap undef vars (easier debug)
use warnings; #other useful info (easier debug)
##############################################################################################
#configurable settings:
#change values here instead of in main pfg2gerb.pl file
use constant WANT_COLORS => ($^O !~ m/Win/); #ANSI colors no worky on Windows? this must be set < first DebugPrint() call
#just a little warning; set realistic expectations:
#DebugPrint("${\(CYAN)}Pdf2Gerb.pl ${\(VERSION)}, $^O O/S\n${\(YELLOW)}${\(BOLD)}${\(ITALIC)}This is EXPERIMENTAL software. \nGerber files MAY CONTAIN ERRORS. Please CHECK them before fabrication!${\(RESET)}", 0); #if WANT_DEBUG
use constant METRIC => FALSE; #set to TRUE for metric units (only affect final numbers in output files, not internal arithmetic)
use constant APERTURE_LIMIT => 0; #34; #max #apertures to use; generate warnings if too many apertures are used (0 to not check)
use constant DRILL_FMT => '2.4'; #'2.3'; #'2.4' is the default for PCB fab; change to '2.3' for CNC
use constant WANT_DEBUG => 0; #10; #level of debug wanted; higher == more, lower == less, 0 == none
use constant GERBER_DEBUG => 0; #level of debug to include in Gerber file; DON'T USE FOR FABRICATION
use constant WANT_STREAMS => FALSE; #TRUE; #save decompressed streams to files (for debug)
use constant WANT_ALLINPUT => FALSE; #TRUE; #save entire input stream (for debug ONLY)
#DebugPrint(sprintf("${\(CYAN)}DEBUG: stdout %d, gerber %d, want streams? %d, all input? %d, O/S: $^O, Perl: $]${\(RESET)}\n", WANT_DEBUG, GERBER_DEBUG, WANT_STREAMS, WANT_ALLINPUT), 1);
#DebugPrint(sprintf("max int = %d, min int = %d\n", MAXINT, MININT), 1);
#define standard trace and pad sizes to reduce scaling or PDF rendering errors:
#This avoids weird aperture settings and replaces them with more standardized values.
#(I'm not sure how photoplotters handle strange sizes).
#Fewer choices here gives more accurate mapping in the final Gerber files.
#units are in inches
use constant TOOL_SIZES => #add more as desired
(
#round or square pads (> 0) and drills (< 0):
.010, -.001, #tiny pads for SMD; dummy drill size (too small for practical use, but needed so StandardTool will use this entry)
.031, -.014, #used for vias
.041, -.020, #smallest non-filled plated hole
.051, -.025,
.056, -.029, #useful for IC pins
.070, -.033,
.075, -.040, #heavier leads
# .090, -.043, #NOTE: 600 dpi is not high enough resolution to reliably distinguish between .043" and .046", so choose 1 of the 2 here
.100, -.046,
.115, -.052,
.130, -.061,
.140, -.067,
.150, -.079,
.175, -.088,
.190, -.093,
.200, -.100,
.220, -.110,
.160, -.125, #useful for mounting holes
#some additional pad sizes without holes (repeat a previous hole size if you just want the pad size):
.090, -.040, #want a .090 pad option, but use dummy hole size
.065, -.040, #.065 x .065 rect pad
.035, -.040, #.035 x .065 rect pad
#traces:
.001, #too thin for real traces; use only for board outlines
.006, #minimum real trace width; mainly used for text
.008, #mainly used for mid-sized text, not traces
.010, #minimum recommended trace width for low-current signals
.012,
.015, #moderate low-voltage current
.020, #heavier trace for power, ground (even if a lighter one is adequate)
.025,
.030, #heavy-current traces; be careful with these ones!
.040,
.050,
.060,
.080,
.100,
.120,
);
#Areas larger than the values below will be filled with parallel lines:
#This cuts down on the number of aperture sizes used.
#Set to 0 to always use an aperture or drill, regardless of size.
use constant { MAX_APERTURE => max((TOOL_SIZES)) + .004, MAX_DRILL => -min((TOOL_SIZES)) + .004 }; #max aperture and drill sizes (plus a little tolerance)
#DebugPrint(sprintf("using %d standard tool sizes: %s, max aper %.3f, max drill %.3f\n", scalar((TOOL_SIZES)), join(", ", (TOOL_SIZES)), MAX_APERTURE, MAX_DRILL), 1);
#NOTE: Compare the PDF to the original CAD file to check the accuracy of the PDF rendering and parsing!
#for example, the CAD software I used generated the following circles for holes:
#CAD hole size: parsed PDF diameter: error:
# .014 .016 +.002
# .020 .02267 +.00267
# .025 .026 +.001
# .029 .03167 +.00267
# .033 .036 +.003
# .040 .04267 +.00267
#This was usually ~ .002" - .003" too big compared to the hole as displayed in the CAD software.
#To compensate for PDF rendering errors (either during CAD Print function or PDF parsing logic), adjust the values below as needed.
#units are pixels; for example, a value of 2.4 at 600 dpi = .0004 inch, 2 at 600 dpi = .0033"
use constant
{
HOLE_ADJUST => -0.004 * 600, #-2.6, #holes seemed to be slightly oversized (by .002" - .004"), so shrink them a little
RNDPAD_ADJUST => -0.003 * 600, #-2, #-2.4, #round pads seemed to be slightly oversized, so shrink them a little
SQRPAD_ADJUST => +0.001 * 600, #+.5, #square pads are sometimes too small by .00067, so bump them up a little
RECTPAD_ADJUST => 0, #(pixels) rectangular pads seem to be okay? (not tested much)
TRACE_ADJUST => 0, #(pixels) traces seemed to be okay?
REDUCE_TOLERANCE => .001, #(inches) allow this much variation when reducing circles and rects
};
#Also, my CAD's Print function or the PDF print driver I used was a little off for circles, so define some additional adjustment values here:
#Values are added to X/Y coordinates; units are pixels; for example, a value of 1 at 600 dpi would be ~= .002 inch
use constant
{
CIRCLE_ADJUST_MINX => 0,
CIRCLE_ADJUST_MINY => -0.001 * 600, #-1, #circles were a little too high, so nudge them a little lower
CIRCLE_ADJUST_MAXX => +0.001 * 600, #+1, #circles were a little too far to the left, so nudge them a little to the right
CIRCLE_ADJUST_MAXY => 0,
SUBST_CIRCLE_CLIPRECT => FALSE, #generate circle and substitute for clip rects (to compensate for the way some CAD software draws circles)
WANT_CLIPRECT => TRUE, #FALSE, #AI doesn't need clip rect at all? should be on normally?
RECT_COMPLETION => FALSE, #TRUE, #fill in 4th side of rect when 3 sides found
};
#allow .012 clearance around pads for solder mask:
#This value effectively adjusts pad sizes in the TOOL_SIZES list above (only for solder mask layers).
use constant SOLDER_MARGIN => +.012; #units are inches
#line join/cap styles:
use constant
{
CAP_NONE => 0, #butt (none); line is exact length
CAP_ROUND => 1, #round cap/join; line overhangs by a semi-circle at either end
CAP_SQUARE => 2, #square cap/join; line overhangs by a half square on either end
CAP_OVERRIDE => FALSE, #cap style overrides drawing logic
};
#number of elements in each shape type:
use constant
{
RECT_SHAPELEN => 6, #x0, y0, x1, y1, count, "rect" (start, end corners)
LINE_SHAPELEN => 6, #x0, y0, x1, y1, count, "line" (line seg)
CURVE_SHAPELEN => 10, #xstart, ystart, x0, y0, x1, y1, xend, yend, count, "curve" (bezier 2 points)
CIRCLE_SHAPELEN => 5, #x, y, 5, count, "circle" (center + radius)
};
#const my %SHAPELEN =
#Readonly my %SHAPELEN =>
our %SHAPELEN =
(
rect => RECT_SHAPELEN,
line => LINE_SHAPELEN,
curve => CURVE_SHAPELEN,
circle => CIRCLE_SHAPELEN,
);
#panelization:
#This will repeat the entire body the number of times indicated along the X or Y axes (files grow accordingly).
#Display elements that overhang PCB boundary can be squashed or left as-is (typically text or other silk screen markings).
#Set "overhangs" TRUE to allow overhangs, FALSE to truncate them.
#xpad and ypad allow margins to be added around outer edge of panelized PCB.
use constant PANELIZE => {'x' => 1, 'y' => 1, 'xpad' => 0, 'ypad' => 0, 'overhangs' => TRUE}; #number of times to repeat in X and Y directions
# Set this to 1 if you need TurboCAD support.
#$turboCAD = FALSE; #is this still needed as an option?
#CIRCAD pad generation uses an appropriate aperture, then moves it (stroke) "a little" - we use this to find pads and distinguish them from PCB holes.
use constant PAD_STROKE => 0.3; #0.0005 * 600; #units are pixels
#convert very short traces to pads or holes:
use constant TRACE_MINLEN => .001; #units are inches
#use constant ALWAYS_XY => TRUE; #FALSE; #force XY even if X or Y doesn't change; NOTE: needs to be TRUE for all pads to show in FlatCAM and ViewPlot
use constant REMOVE_POLARITY => FALSE; #TRUE; #set to remove subtractive (negative) polarity; NOTE: must be FALSE for ground planes
#PDF uses "points", each point = 1/72 inch
#combined with a PDF scale factor of .12, this gives 600 dpi resolution (1/72 * .12 = 600 dpi)
use constant INCHES_PER_POINT => 1/72; #0.0138888889; #multiply point-size by this to get inches
# The precision used when computing a bezier curve. Higher numbers are more precise but slower (and generate larger files).
#$bezierPrecision = 100;
use constant BEZIER_PRECISION => 36; #100; #use const; reduced for faster rendering (mainly used for silk screen and thermal pads)
# Ground planes and silk screen or larger copper rectangles or circles are filled line-by-line using this resolution.
use constant FILL_WIDTH => .01; #fill at most 0.01 inch at a time
# The max number of characters to read into memory
use constant MAX_BYTES => 10 * M; #bumped up to 10 MB, use const
use constant DUP_DRILL1 => TRUE; #FALSE; #kludge: ViewPlot doesn't load drill files that are too small so duplicate first tool
my $runtime = time(); #Time::HiRes::gettimeofday(); #measure my execution time
print STDERR "Loaded config settings from '${\(__FILE__)}'.\n";
1; #last value must be truthful to indicate successful load
#############################################################################################
#junk/experiment:
#use Package::Constants;
#use Exporter qw(import); #https://perldoc.perl.org/Exporter.html
#my $caller = "pdf2gerb::";
#sub cfg
#{
# my $proto = shift;
# my $class = ref($proto) || $proto;
# my $settings =
# {
# $WANT_DEBUG => 990, #10; #level of debug wanted; higher == more, lower == less, 0 == none
# };
# bless($settings, $class);
# return $settings;
#}
#use constant HELLO => "hi there2"; #"main::HELLO" => "hi there";
#use constant GOODBYE => 14; #"main::GOODBYE" => 12;
#print STDERR "read cfg file\n";
#our @EXPORT_OK = Package::Constants->list(__PACKAGE__); #https://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=1072691; NOTE: "_OK" skips short/common names
#print STDERR scalar(@EXPORT_OK) . " consts exported:\n";
#foreach(@EXPORT_OK) { print STDERR "$_\n"; }
#my $val = main::thing("xyz");
#print STDERR "caller gave me $val\n";
#foreach my $arg (@ARGV) { print STDERR "arg $arg\n"; }Download Details:
Author: swannman
Source Code: https://github.com/swannman/pdf2gerb
License: GPL-3.0 license
1656193861
Simple Login Page in HTML and CSS | Source Code
Hello guys, Today in this post we’ll learn How to Create a Simple Login Page with a fantastic design. To create it we are going to use pure CSS and HTML. Hope you enjoy this post.
A login page is one of the most important component of a website or app that allows authorized users to access an entire site or a part of a website. You would have already seen them when visiting a website. Let's head to create it.
Whether it’s a signup or login page, it should be catchy, user-friendly and easy to use. These types of Forms lead to increased sales, lead generation, and customer growth.
Demo
Click to watch demo!
Simple Login Page HTML CSS (source code)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" >
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/normalize/5.0.0/normalize.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styledfer.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="login-form-wrap">
<h2>Login</h2>
<form id="login-form">
<p>
<input type="email" id="email" name="email" placeholder="Email " required><i class="validation"><span></span><span></span></i>
</p>
<p>
<input type="password" id="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><i class="validation"><span></span><span></span></i>
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" id="login" value="Login">
</p>
</form>
<div id="create-account-wrap">
<p>Don't have an accout? <a href="#">Create One</a><p>
</div>
</div>
<script src='https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.2.4.min.js'></script>
<script src='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery-validate/1.15.0/jquery.validate.min.js'></script>
</body>
</html>CSS CODE
body {
background-color: #020202;
font-size: 1.6rem;
font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif;
color: #2b3e51;
}
h2 {
font-weight: 300;
text-align: center;
}
p {
position: relative;
}
a,
a:link,
a:visited,
a:active {
color: #ff9100;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
a:focus, a:hover,
a:link:focus,
a:link:hover,
a:visited:focus,
a:visited:hover,
a:active:focus,
a:active:hover {
color: #ff9f22;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
#login-form-wrap {
background-color: #fff;
width: 16em;
margin: 30px auto;
text-align: center;
padding: 20px 0 0 0;
border-radius: 4px;
box-shadow: 0px 30px 50px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
#login-form {
padding: 0 60px;
}
input {
display: block;
box-sizing: border-box;
width: 100%;
outline: none;
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px;
border-radius: 4px;
}
#email,
#password {
width: 100%;
padding: 0 0 0 10px;
margin: 0;
color: #8a8b8e;
border: 1px solid #c2c0ca;
font-style: normal;
font-size: 16px;
-webkit-appearance: none;
-moz-appearance: none;
appearance: none;
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
background: none;
}
#email:focus,
#password:focus {
border-color: #3ca9e2;
}
#email:focus:invalid,
#password:focus:invalid {
color: #cc1e2b;
border-color: #cc1e2b;
}
#email:valid ~ .validation,
#password:valid ~ .validation
{
display: block;
border-color: #0C0;
}
#email:valid ~ .validation span,
#password:valid ~ .validation span{
background: #0C0;
position: absolute;
border-radius: 6px;
}
#email:valid ~ .validation span:first-child,
#password:valid ~ .validation span:first-child{
top: 30px;
left: 14px;
width: 20px;
height: 3px;
-webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg);
transform: rotate(-45deg);
}
#email:valid ~ .validation span:last-child
#password:valid ~ .validation span:last-child
{
top: 35px;
left: 8px;
width: 11px;
height: 3px;
-webkit-transform: rotate(45deg);
transform: rotate(45deg);
}
.validation {
display: none;
position: absolute;
content: " ";
height: 60px;
width: 30px;
right: 15px;
top: 0px;
}
input[type="submit"] {
border: none;
display: block;
background-color: #ff9100;
color: #fff;
font-weight: bold;
text-transform: uppercase;
cursor: pointer;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
font-size: 18px;
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
cursor: pointer;
text-align: center;
}
input[type="submit"]:hover {
background-color: #ff9b17;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
#create-account-wrap {
background-color: #eeedf1;
color: #8a8b8e;
font-size: 14px;
width: 100%;
padding: 10px 0;
border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;
}Congratulations! You have now successfully created our Simple Login Page in HTML and CSS.
My Website: codewithayan, see this to checkout all of my amazing Tutorials.
1620961208
Node js Send Email with Attachment using Nodemailer
In this node js send email with attachment using nodemailer. In this tutorial, you will learn how you can send the email using the Gmail SMTP in node js. Here you will learn step by step, how you can send email using Gmail SMTP in node js
Sending email via Node js is easy. Today we are going to discuss send an email via node js. We will use nodemailermodule and Gmail SMTP to send the email. We will also learn how to send an email with an attachment. So let’s get started with the node js send email with attachment tutorial.
How to Send Attachment in Email using Nodemailer in Node Js
Just follow the following steps and send email through gmail with attachment using nodemailer in node js:
1. Step 1 - First Install Nodemailer 1. Step 2 - Configure Gmail SMTP with Nodemailer 1. Step 3 - Sending Email with Gmail SMTP 1. Step 4 - Send Multiple Recipient At The Same Time 1. Step 5 - Send Simple HTMLhttps://www.tutsmake.com/node-js-send-email-through-gmail-with-attachment-example/
#node js send email through gmail with attachment #how to send attachment in mail using nodemailer #nodejs send email with attachment #nodejs send email with attachment example
1567822183
How to Build Virtual Assistant with Python
In this lab we are going to build demo TARS from Interstellar movie with Python. TARS can help you to automate your tasks such as search videos in YouTube and play them, send emails, open websites, search materials in Wikipedia and read them,inform weather forecast in your country, greetings and more. By building TARS you will increase your Python knowledge and learn many useful libraries/tools. I will push source code to my git repository so feel free to contribute and improve functionality of TARS
Let’s start by creating virtual environment and building the base audio system of TARS.
mkdir TARS
cd TARS
virtualenv venvTo activate the venv run command below
. venv/bin/activate
What is virtual environment?
Once you activated venv, we need to install main libraries by following commands:
pip3 install gTTS
pip3 install SpeechRecognition
pip3 install PyAudio
pip3 install pygamegTTS (Google Text-to-Speech) is a Python library and CLI tool to interface with Google Translate’s text-to-speech API. This module helps to convert String text to Spoken text and can be saved as .mp3
Speech Recognition is an important feature in several applications used such as home automation, artificial intelligence, etc. Recognizing speech needs audio input, and SpeechRecognition makes it really simple to retrieve this input. Instead of building scripts from scratch to access microphones and process audio files, SpeechRecognition will have you up and running in just a few minutes.
To access your microphone with SpeechRecognizer, you’ll have to install the PyAudio package
Pygame is a cross-platform set of Python modules designed for writing video games. It includes computer graphics and sound libraries designed to be used with the Python programming language.
Now, let’s build voice system of TARS:
from gtts import gTTS
import speech_recognition as sr
from pygame import mixer
def talk(audio):
print(audio)
for line in audio.splitlines():
text_to_speech = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en-uk')
text_to_speech.save('audio.mp3')
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load("audio.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
As you see we are passing audio as an argument to let the TARS speak. For instance, talk(‘Hey I am TARS! How can I help you?’) program will loop these lines with the help of splitlines() method. This method is used to split the lines at line boundaries. Check splitlines() for more. Then, gTTS will handle to convert all these texts to speech. text parameter defines text to be read and lang defines the language (IETF language tag) to read the text in. Once loop finished, save() method writes result to file.
pygame.mixer is a module for loading and playing sounds and must be initialized before using it.
Alright! Now, let’s create a function that will listen for commands.
def myCommand():
#Initialize the recognizer
r = sr.Recognizer()
with sr.Microphone() as source:
print('TARS is Ready...')
r.pause_threshold = 1
#wait for a second to let the recognizer adjust the
#energy threshold based on the surrounding noise level
r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source, duration=1)
#listens for the user's input
audio = r.listen(source)
try:
command = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
print('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command = myCommand();
return command
In this function we are using SpeechRecognition library. It acts as a wrapper for several popular speech APIs and is thus extremely flexible. One of these—the Google Web Speech API—supports a default API key that is hard-coded into the SpeechRecognition library. That means you can get off your feet without having to sign up for a service.
To be able to work with your own voice with speech recognition, you need the PyAudio package. Like Recognizer for audio files, we will need Microphone for real-time speech data.
You can capture input from the microphone using the listen() method of the Recognizer class inside of the with block. This method takes an audio source as its first argument and records input from the source until silence is detected.
Try to say your commands in silence place( with less background noise ) otherwise TARS can confuse.
Take a look The Ultimate Guide To Speech Recognition With Python
import random
def tars(command):
errors=[
"I don\'t know what you mean!",
"Excuse me?",
"Can you repeat it please?",
]
if 'Hello' in command:
talk('Hello! I am TARS. How can I help you?')
else:
error = random.choice(errors)
talk(error)
talk('TARS is ready!')
while True:
assistant(myCommand())
Once you run the program TARS will start talk with you by saying ‘TARS is ready!’ and continue to listen your commands until you stop the program. Start by saying ‘Hello’ :)
When TARS didn’t get the command we will handle the error by random sentences.
Here is the full code of main structure:
from gtts import gTTS
import speech_recognition as sr
from pygame import mixer
import random
def talk(audio):
print(audio)
for line in audio.splitlines():
text_to_speech = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en-uk')
text_to_speech.save('audio.mp3')
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load("audio.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
def myCommand():
#Initialize the recognizer
#The primary purpose of a Recognizer instance is, of course, to recognize speech.
r = sr.Recognizer()
with sr.Microphone() as source:
print('TARS is Ready...')
r.pause_threshold = 2
#wait for a second to let the recognizer adjust the
#energy threshold based on the surrounding noise level
r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source, duration=1)
#listens for the user's input
audio = r.listen(source)
try:
command = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
print('You said: ' + command + '\n')
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command = myCommand();
return command
def tars(command):
errors=[
"I don't know what you mean",
"Did you mean astronaut?",
"Can you repeat it please?",
]
if 'hello' in command:
talk('Hello! I am TARS. How can I help you?')
else:
error = random.choice(errors)
talk(error)
talk('TARS is ready!')
#loop to continue executing multiple commands
while True:
tars(myCommand())
Well… Is AI anything more than a bunch of IF statements?
If you are talking about “real” AI , then yes it’s a lot more than just If statements.The development of AI has historically been split into two fields; symbolic AI, and machine learning.
Symbolic AI is the field in which artificially intelligent systems were designed with if-else type logic. Programmers would attempt to define every possible scenario for the system to deal with. Until the late seventies this was the dominant form of AI system development. Experts in the field argued very strongly that machine-learning would never catch on and that AI could only be written in this way.
Now we know that accounting for every possible scenario in an intelligent system is enormously impractical and we use machine-learning instead. Machine learning uses statistics to look for and define patterns in data so that a machine can learn about and improve the tasks that it is designed to perform. This is significantly more flexible.
We are using just bunch of IF statements to understand basics of AI. But we will implement some cool ML algorithms later.
I hope you learned new things so far, now, it is time to teach TARS how to automate stuff.
Open Google and search for something
We are going to import webbrowser module in Python which provides an interface to display Web-based documents.
While we are saying commands, TARS have to detect availability of these commands by matching them. Python has a built-in package called re, which can be used to work with Regular Expressions.
import re
import webbrowser
if 'open google' in command:
#matching command to check it is available
reg_ex = re.search('open google (.*)', command)
url = 'https://www.google.com/'
if reg_ex:
subgoogle = reg_ex.group(1)
url = url + 'r/' + subreddit
webbrowser.open(url)
print('Done!')The re.search() method takes a regular expression pattern and a string and searches for that pattern within the string. If the search is successful, search() returns a match object or None otherwise. Therefore, the search is usually immediately followed by an if-statement to test if the search succeeded
The code reg_ex = re.search('open google (.)', command)* stores the search result in a variable named “reg_ex”. Then the if-statement tests the match – if true the search succeeded and group() is the matching text. Otherwise if the match is false (None to be more specific), then the search did not succeed, and there is no matching text. The 1 in reg_ex.group(1) represents the first parenthesized subgroup.
Even you can install Selenium to make search in Google by TARS. To install Selenium run the following command:
pip3 install seleniumSelenium WebDriver is a collection of open source APIs which are used to automate the testing of a web application. This tool is used to automate web application testing to verify that it works as expected. It supports many browsers such as Safari, Firefox, IE, and Chrome.
You can search how to use Selenium with Python there is a lot of sources on internet and it is really easy to learn. Let’s add this feature to TARS
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
if 'open google and search' in command:
reg_ex = re.search('open google and search (.*)', command)
search_for = command.split("search",1)[1]
url = 'https://www.google.com/'
if reg_ex:
subgoogle = reg_ex.group(1)
url = url + 'r/' + subgoogle
talk('Okay!')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/path/to/geckodriver') #depends which web browser you are using
driver.get('http://www.google.com')
search = driver.find_element_by_name('q') # finds search
search.send_keys(str(search_for)) #sends search keys
search.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) #hits enter
TARS will consider strings after “open google and search” command and takes all words as a search keys. I am using Firefox so I installed geckodriver but if you are using Chrome check the following StackOverflow question.
Send Email
We are going to import smtplib to send emails with Python. SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol and it is useful for communicating with mail servers to send mail.
import smtplib
elif 'email' or 'gmail' in command:
talk('What is the subject?')
time.sleep(3)
subject = myCommand()
talk('What should I say?')
time.sleep(3)
message = myCommand()
content = 'Subject: {}\n\n{}'.format(subject, message)
#init gmail SMTP
mail = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
#identify to server
mail.ehlo()
#encrypt session
mail.starttls()
#login
mail.login('your_gmail', 'your_gmail_password')
#send message
mail.sendmail('FROM', 'TO', content)
#end mail connection
mail.close()
talk('Email sent.')
Note that, in a nutshell, google is not allowing you to log in via smtplib because it has flagged this sort of login as “less secure”, so what you have to do is go to this link while you’re logged in to your google account, and allow the access.
Crawl Data
We are doing great so far! TARS can send mails and search whatever you want on google. Now, let’s implement more complex function to make TARS crawl some Wikipedia data and read it for us.
Beautiful Soup is a Python library for pulling data out of HTML and XML files. It works with your favorite parser to provide idiomatic ways of navigating, searching, and modifying the parse tree. It commonly saves programmers hours or days of work. Run the following command in your terminal to install beautifulsoup:
pip install beautifulsoup4We also will need requests library for making HTTP requests in Python. It abstracts the complexities of making requests behind a beautiful, simple API so that you can focus on interacting with services and consuming data in your application. Alright! Let’s see the code:
import bs4
import requests
elif 'wikipedia' in command:
reg_ex = re.search('search in wikipedia (.+)', command)
if reg_ex:
query = command.split()
response = requests.get("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" + query[3])
if response is not None:
html = bs4.BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
title = html.select("#firstHeading")[0].text
paragraphs = html.select("p")
for para in paragraphs:
print (para.text)
intro = '\n'.join([ para.text for para in paragraphs[0:5]])
print (intro)
mp3name = 'speech.mp3'
language = 'en'
myobj = gTTS(text=intro, lang=language, slow=False)
myobj.save(mp3name)
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load("speech.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
elif 'stop' in command:
mixer.music.stop()
“search in wikipedia Mars” and TARS will take “Mars” as a keyword to search in Wikipedia. If you search something on Wikipedia you will see URL will look like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyword so we are sending get request with keyword(what to search) to access data. Once request succeed, beautifulsoup will parse content inside Wikipedia. The join() method is a string method and returns a string in which the elements of sequence have been joined by str separator and we are using it to separate paragraphs. You already familiar with gTTS and mixer so I am passing that part.
TARS will display the crawled data on console and start to reading it for you.
Search videos on YouTube and play
This function is similar to search with google but this time it is better to use urllib. The main objective is to learn new things with Python, so I don’t want include Selenium in this function. Here is the code:
import urllib.request #used to make requests
import urllib.parse #used to parse values into the url
elif 'youtube' in command:
talk('Ok!')
reg_ex = re.search('youtube (.+)', command)
if reg_ex:
domain = command.split("youtube",1)[1]
query_string = urllib.parse.urlencode({"search_query" : domain})
html_content = urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.youtube.com/results?" + query_string)
search_results = re.findall(r'href=\"\/watch\?v=(.{11})', html_content.read().decode()) # finds all links in search result
webbrowser.open("http://www.youtube.com/watch?v={}".format(search_results[0]))
passThe urllib module in Python 3 allows you access websites via your program. This opens up as many doors for your programs as the internet opens up for you. urllib in Python 3 is slightly different than urllib2 in Python 2, but they are mostly the same. Through urllib, you can access websites, download data, parse data, modify your headers, and do any GET and POST requests you might need to do.
Check this tutorial for more about urllib
Search key must be encoded before parsing into url. If you search something on YouTube you can see after [http://www.youtube.com/results?"](http://www.youtube.com/results?" “http://www.youtube.com/results?"”) there is a encoded search keys. Once these search keys encoded program can successfully access search results. The expression re.findall() returns all the non-overlapping matches of patterns in a string as a list of strings. Each video on youtube has its own 11 characters ID (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEPmA3USJdI)and re.findall() will find all matches in decoded html_content(in search results page). decode() is used to convert from one encoding scheme, in which argument string is encoded to the desired encoding scheme. This works opposite to the encode. It accepts the encoding of the encoding string to decode it and returns the original string. Finally, it plays first video in search results because usually the first video is nearest one for search keys.
Full Code:
from gtts import gTTS
import speech_recognition as sr
import re
import time
import webbrowser
import random
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import smtplib
import requests
from pygame import mixer
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import bs4
def talk(audio):
"speaks audio passed as argument"
print(audio)
for line in audio.splitlines():
text_to_speech = gTTS(text=audio, lang='en-uk')
text_to_speech.save('audio.mp3')
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load("audio.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
def myCommand():
"listens for commands"
#Initialize the recognizer
#The primary purpose of a Recognizer instance is, of course, to recognize speech.
r = sr.Recognizer()
with sr.Microphone() as source:
print('TARS is Ready...')
r.pause_threshold = 1
#wait for a second to let the recognizer adjust the
#energy threshold based on the surrounding noise level
r.adjust_for_ambient_noise(source, duration=1)
#listens for the user's input
audio = r.listen(source)
print('analyzing...')
try:
command = r.recognize_google(audio).lower()
print('You said: ' + command + '\n')
time.sleep(2)
#loop back to continue to listen for commands if unrecognizable speech is received
except sr.UnknownValueError:
print('Your last command couldn\'t be heard')
command = myCommand();
return command
def tars(command):
errors=[
"I don't know what you mean",
"Excuse me?",
"Can you repeat it please?",
]
"if statements for executing commands"
# Search on Google
if 'open google and search' in command:
reg_ex = re.search('open google and search (.*)', command)
search_for = command.split("search",1)[1]
print(search_for)
url = 'https://www.google.com/'
if reg_ex:
subgoogle = reg_ex.group(1)
url = url + 'r/' + subgoogle
talk('Okay!')
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/home/coderasha/Desktop/geckodriver')
driver.get('http://www.google.com')
search = driver.find_element_by_name('q')
search.send_keys(str(search_for))
search.send_keys(Keys.RETURN) # hit return after you enter search text
#Send Email
elif 'email' in command:
talk('What is the subject?')
time.sleep(3)
subject = myCommand()
talk('What should I say?')
message = myCommand()
content = 'Subject: {}\n\n{}'.format(subject, message)
#init gmail SMTP
mail = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
#identify to server
mail.ehlo()
#encrypt session
mail.starttls()
#login
mail.login('your_mail', 'your_mail_password')
#send message
mail.sendmail('FROM', 'TO', content)
#end mail connection
mail.close()
talk('Email sent.')
# search in wikipedia (e.g. Can you search in wikipedia apples)
elif 'wikipedia' in command:
reg_ex = re.search('wikipedia (.+)', command)
if reg_ex:
query = command.split("wikipedia",1)[1]
response = requests.get("https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" + query)
if response is not None:
html = bs4.BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
title = html.select("#firstHeading")[0].text
paragraphs = html.select("p")
for para in paragraphs:
print (para.text)
intro = '\n'.join([ para.text for para in paragraphs[0:3]])
print (intro)
mp3name = 'speech.mp3'
language = 'en'
myobj = gTTS(text=intro, lang=language, slow=False)
myobj.save(mp3name)
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load("speech.mp3")
while mixer.music.play()
elif 'stop' in command:
mixer.music.stop()
# Search videos on Youtube and play (e.g. Search in youtube believer)
elif 'youtube' in command:
talk('Ok!')
reg_ex = re.search('youtube (.+)', command)
if reg_ex:
domain = command.split("youtube",1)[1]
query_string = urllib.parse.urlencode({"search_query" : domain})
html_content = urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.youtube.com/results?" + query_string)
search_results = re.findall(r'href=\"\/watch\?v=(.{11})', html_content.read().decode())
#print("http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=" + search_results[0])
webbrowser.open("http://www.youtube.com/watch?v={}".format(search_results[0]))
pass
elif 'hello' in command:
talk('Hello! I am TARS. How can I help you?')
time.sleep(3)
elif 'who are you' in command:
talk('I am one of four former U.S. Marine Corps tactical robots')
time.sleep(3)
else:
error = random.choice(errors)
talk(error)
time.sleep(3)
talk('TARS activated!')
#loop to continue executing multiple commands
while True:
time.sleep(4)
tars(myCommand())
Cool! We just created demo TARS and I hope you learned many things from this lab. Please feel free to contribute this project on GitHub, TARS will wait for improvements.
I hope this tutorial will surely help and you if you liked this tutorial, please consider sharing it with others.
#python #web-development
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