How to build a simple Spring Boot application and test it with Junit 5?

Spring Boot Tutorial For Beginner- Spring Boot Full Course

This "Spring Boot Tutorial For Beginner- Spring Boot Full Course" video will help you learn Spring Boot Framework from scratch with examples. This Spring Tutorial is ideal for both beginners as well as professionals who want to master the Spring Boot Framework

Spring Boot Full Course - Learn Spring Boot In 4 Hours | Spring Boot Tutorial For Beginner

Below are the topics covered in this Spring Boot Tutorial for Beginners video:

1:40 What is Spring Boot?
2:35 Features of Spring Boot
3:50 Why Do We Need Spring Boot?
4:30 Spring Boot Market Trend
5:15 Spring vs Spring Boot
6:25 Install & Setup Spring Boot
6:45 System Requirements
7:35 Install & Set up Spring Boot CLI
14:00 Install & Setup Spring Tool Suite
25:40 Model View Controller
26:00 What is MVC?
27:35 Model View Controller Workflow
29:00 What is Dependency Injection?
31:50 Inversion of Control
33:10 Types of Dependency Injection
34:05 Benefits of Dependency Injection
48:35 Auto wire
49:50 Create First Web Application Using Spring Boot
1:06:50 Create a Web Application To Pass Client Data
1:13:40 Model View & Object Example
1:20:30 Create a Submission Form In Spring Boot
1:40:50 Connect Web Application To Database
2:04:50 REST API
2:07:35 What is REST API?
2:08:50 Features of REST API
2:09:35 Principles of REST API
2:11:40 Methods of REST API
2:12:20 REST API Hands-On
2:35:55 Spring Data REST
2:36:55 Spring Data REST Hands-On
2:46:35 Spring Security
2:47:30 Secure Applications Using Spring Boot
2:58:56 Spring Boot Interview Questions

Full-stack Reactive Java with Spring Framework, Spring Boot and Project Reactor

Reactive programming offers Java developers a way to build message-driven, elastic, resilient, and responsive services...yet many Java developers don't know where to begin.

The Reactive Streams initiative provides a baseline and Project Reactor provides a great way to become immediately productive, leveraging reactive capabilities from end to end. Whether you're coming from a Spring MVC environment or a functional perspective, Reactor empowers you to spin up fully reactive Spring Boot 2 applications quickly and efficiently.

In this talk, the presenter dives into the net-new Netty-based web runtime and shows you how to:

integrate easily with existing Spring-stack technologies
easily transition from blocking to reactive applications & systems
define your API in an imperative style and functionally, reaping all benefits both ways
leverage powerful new testing mechanisms to make code better and life easier

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Spring Boot vs. Spring MVC vs. Spring: How Do They Compare?

In this article, you will receive overviews of Spring, Spring MVC, and Spring Boot, learn what problems they solve, and where they’re best applied. The most important thing that you will learn is that Spring, Spring MVC, and Spring Boot are not competing for the same space. They solve different problems and they solve them very well.

Spring, Spring Boot, Spring MVC, there are springs everywhere! Let's walk through where and when you should apply each of these tools.

What Is the Core Problem That Spring Framework Solves?

Think long and hard. What’s the problem Spring Framework solves?

The most important feature of Spring Framework is Dependency Injection. At the core of all Spring Modules is Dependency Injection or IOC Inversion of Control.
Why is this important? Because, when DI or IOC is used properly, we can develop loosely coupled applications. And loosely coupled applications can be easily unit tested.

Let’s consider a simple example.

Example Without Dependency Injection

Consider the example below: WelcomeController depends on WelcomeService to get the welcome message. What is it doing to get an instance of WelcomeService?

WelcomeService service = new WelcomeService();

It’s creating an instance of it. And that means they are tightly coupled. For example: If I create a mock for WelcomeService in a unit test for WelcomeController, how do I make WelcomeController use the mock? Not easy!

@RestController
public class WelcomeController {

    private WelcomeService service = new WelcomeService();

    @RequestMapping("/welcome")
    public String welcome() {
        return service.retrieveWelcomeMessage();
    }
}

Same Example with Dependency Injection

The world looks much simpler with dependency injection. You let the Spring Framework do the hard work. We just use two simple annotations: @Component and @Autowired.

Using @Component, we tell Spring Framework: Hey there, this is a bean that you need to manage.
Using @Autowired, we tell Spring Framework: Hey find the correct match for this specific type and autowire it in.

In the example below, Spring framework would create a bean for WelcomeService and autowire it into WelcomeController.

In a unit test, I can ask the Spring framework to auto-wire the mock of WelcomeService into WelcomeController. (Spring Boot makes things easy to do this with @MockBean. But, that’s a different story altogether!)

@Component
public class WelcomeService {
    //Bla Bla Bla
}

@RestController
public class WelcomeController {

    @Autowired
    private WelcomeService service;

    @RequestMapping("/welcome")
    public String welcome() {
        return service.retrieveWelcomeMessage();
    }
}

What Else Does Spring Framework Solve?

Problem 1: Duplication/Plumbing Code

Does Spring Framework stop with Dependency Injection? No. It builds on the core concept of Dependency Injection with a number of Spring Modules

Spring JDBC
Spring MVC
Spring AOP
Spring ORM
Spring JMS
Spring Test

Consider Spring JMS and Spring JDBC for a moment.

Do these modules bring in any new functionality? No. We can do all this with J2EE or Java EE. So, what do these bring in? They bring in simple abstractions. The aim of these abstractions is to

Reduce Boilerplate Code/Reduce Duplication
Promote Decoupling/Increase Unit Testability

For example, you need much less code to use a JDBCTemplate or a JMSTemplate compared to a traditional JDBC or JMS.

Problem 2: Good Integration With Other Frameworks

The great thing about Spring Framework is that it does not try to solve problems that are already solved. All that it does is to provide a great integration with frameworks which provide great solutions.

Hibernate for ORM
iBatis for Object Mapping
JUnit and Mockito for Unit Testing

What Is the Core Problem That Spring MVC Framework Solves?

Spring MVC Framework provides decoupled way of developing web applications. With simple concepts like Dispatcher Servlet, ModelAndView and View Resolver, it makes it easy to develop web applications.## Why Do We Need Spring Boot?

Spring based applications have a lot of configuration.

When we use Spring MVC, we need to configure component scan, dispatcher servlet, a view resolver, web jars(for delivering static content) among other things.

  <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
  </bean>

  <mvc:resources mapping="/webjars/**" location="/webjars/"/>

The code snippet below shows the typical configuration of a dispatcher servlet in a web application.

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/todo-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

When we use Hibernate/JPA, we would need to configure a datasource, an entity manager factory, a transaction manager among a host of other things.

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${db.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${db.url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${db.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${db.password}" />
    </bean>

    <jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource">
        <jdbc:script location="classpath:config/schema.sql" />
        <jdbc:script location="classpath:config/data.sql" />
    </jdbc:initialize-database>

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
        id="entityManagerFactory">
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="hsql_pu" />
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

Problem #1: Spring Boot Auto Configuration: Can We Think Different?

Spring Boot brings a new thought process around this.

Can we bring more intelligence into this? When a spring mvc jar is added into an application, can we auto configure some beans automatically?* How about auto-configuring a Data Source if Hibernate jar is on the classpath?

How about auto-configuring a Dispatcher Servlet if Spring MVC jar is on the classpath?

There would be provisions to override the default auto configuration.

Spring Boot looks at a) Frameworks available on the CLASSPATH b) Existing configuration for the application. Based on these, Spring Boot provides basic configuration needed to configure the application with these frameworks. This is called Auto Configuration.### Problem #2: Spring Boot Starter Projects: Built Around Well-Known Patterns

Let’s say we want to develop a web application.

First of all, we would need to identify the frameworks we want to use, which versions of frameworks to use and how to connect them together.

All web application have similar needs. Listed below are some of the dependencies we use in our Spring MVC Course. These include Spring MVC, Jackson Databind (for data binding), Hibernate-Validator (for server side validation using Java Validation API) and Log4j (for logging). When creating this course, we had to choose the compatible versions of all these frameworks.

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
   <version>4.2.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
    <version>5.0.2.Final</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

Here’s what the Spring Boot documentations says about starters.

Starters are a set of convenient dependency descriptors that you can include in your application. You get a one-stop-shop for all the Spring and related technology that you need, without having to hunt through sample code and copy paste loads of dependency descriptors. For example, if you want to get started using Spring and JPA for database access, just include the spring-boot-starter-data-jpa dependency in your project, and you are good to go.
Let’s consider an example starter: Spring Boot Starter Web.

If you want to develop a web application or an application to expose restful services, Spring Boot Start Web is the starter to pick. Let’s create a quick project with Spring Boot Starter Web using Spring Initializr.

Dependency for Spring Boot Starter Web

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

The following screenshot shows the different dependencies that are added into our application

Dependencies can be classified into:

Spring: core, beans, context, aop
Web MVC: (Spring MVC)
Jackson: for JSON Binding
Validation: Hibernate Validator, Validation API
Embedded Servlet Container: Tomcat
Logging: logback, slf4j

Any typical web application would use all these dependencies. Spring Boot Starter Web comes pre-packaged with these. As a developer, I would not need to worry about either these dependencies or their compatible versions.

Spring Boot Starter Project Options

As we see from Spring Boot Starter Web, starter projects help us in quickly getting started with developing specific types of applications.

spring-boot-starter-web-services: SOAP Web Services
spring-boot-starter-web: Web and RESTful applications
spring-boot-starter-test: Unit testing and Integration Testing
spring-boot-starter-jdbc: Traditional JDBC
spring-boot-starter-hateoas: Add HATEOAS features to your services
spring-boot-starter-security: Authentication and Authorization using Spring Security
spring-boot-starter-data-jpa: Spring Data JPA with Hibernate
spring-boot-starter-cache: Enabling Spring Framework’s caching support
spring-boot-starter-data-rest: Expose Simple REST Services using Spring Data REST

Other Goals of Spring Boot

There are a few starters for technical stuff as well

spring-boot-starter-actuator: To use advanced features like monitoring and tracing to your application out of the box
spring-boot-starter-undertow, spring-boot-starter-jetty, spring-boot-starter-tomcat: To pick your specific choice of Embedded Servlet Container
spring-boot-starter-logging: For Logging using logback
spring-boot-starter-log4j2: Logging using Log4j2

Spring Boot aims to enable production ready applications in quick time.

Actuator: Enables Advanced Monitoring and Tracing of applications.
Embedded Server Integrations: Since the server is integrated into the application, I would need to have a separate application server installed on the server.
Default Error Handling