Change The Default Shell in Ubuntu 22.04

Change The Default Shell in Ubuntu 22.04

Shell is a CLI (command line interpreter) utility which is essential in Linux. Shell has various types, but Bash (Bourne Again Shell) is the most popular. Bash is the default shell utility in different Linux distros, including Ubuntu.

However, many Ubuntu users always want to know how to change the default shell but they always get errors. In this short tutorial, we will explain the simple methods to change the default shell on Ubuntu 22.04

How to Change Default Shell on Ubuntu 22.04

First, verify which one is the default shell of your system. You can check it through the following command:

grep `whoami` /etc/passwd

In the previous command, we used the whoami command in the backtick to evaluate the user’s name. Similarly, you can also run the following command to display the default shell in a simpler format:

echo $SHELL

Change the Default Shell

The chsh command can change the default shell. You can run this command with the -s option (sets the shell as the login shell) to change the shell easily:

chsh -s /bin/zsh

Note: If your system does not contain the shell that you want to use, install it before using the previous command.

You can change the default shell for another user. Run the following command:

chsh -s <username>

If you want to go for the simple method, all you have to do is edit the /etc/passwd file as shown in the following:

sudo nano /etc/passwd

Once you are done, save the file and run the following command to verify the changes:

grep `whoami` /etc/passwd

You can change the default shell on Ubuntu through the usermod command. Here is a simple example that you can also try:

sudo usermod --shell /bin/csh <username>

Conclusion

This is all about the simple approaches that you can use to change the default shell on Ubuntu 22.04. We explained the three methods, but changing the /etc/passwd is the simpler method that you can try. Moreover, you can also check the default shell using the grep “whoami” /etc/passwd command.

Original article source at: https://linuxhint.com/

#ubuntu #shell #default 

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How to Secure phpMyAdmin Access with Apache on Ubuntu 18.04

How to secure PHPMyAdmin login access in ubuntu apache on aws. Here, we will show you a simple 2 solution to secure PHPMyAdmin login in ubuntu apache on aws web server.

The first solution is to change the PHPMyAdmin login URL. And the second solution is add an extra security layer for access PHPMyAdmin login url in ubuntu 18.04 apache 2 on aws. And prevent the attacks.

Because by default, phpmyadmin login url is located on http:///phpmyadmin. So, The main reason of change phpmyadmin login url in ubuntu apache aws server to prevent attackers attack.

How to Secure phpMyAdmin with Apache 2 on Ubuntu 18.04

Now, you can see the following two solutions to secure PHPMyAdmin login access in ubuntu apache 2 on aws server.

Solution 1 – Change PhpMyAdmin Login Page URL in Apache 2 Ubuntu

In ubuntu, default phpmyadmin login url can be located at apache configuration that name apache.conf.

So, you can use sudo nano /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf command to open apache.conf file:

sudo nano /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

Then, you can add the following line with your phpmyadmin url:

Alias /my-phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Note that, you can replace my-phpmyadmin to your own word.

Now you need to restart apache 2 web server. So type the following command on your ssh terminal to restart apache service:

sudo service apache2 restart

Solution 2 – Secure PHPMyAdmin Access in ubuntu aws

Now, you can add extra security layer for access phpmyadmin login in ubuntu apache 2 on aws web server.

So, first of all, you need to create a password file with users using the htpasswd tool that comes with the Apache package. So open your ssh terminal and type the following command:

sudo htpasswd -c /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd

Note that, You can choose any username instance of myAdmin with above command.

After that, one prompt box appear with password and confirm password. So, you can add password and confirm password here.

New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user myAdmin

Now, you need to configure Apache 2 to password protect the phpMyAdmin directory and use the .htpasswd file.

So, open your ssh terminal and type the below command to open the phpmyadmin.conf file.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf

Then add the following lines in phpmyadmin.conf file and save it:

Options  +FollowSymLinks +Multiviews +Indexes  ## edit this line
DirectoryIndex index.php

AllowOverride None
AuthType basic
AuthName "Authentication Required"
AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd
Require valid-user

Finally, restart apache web server by using the following command:

sudo service apache2 restart

#aws #mysql #ubuntu #how to change and secure default phpmyadmin login url ubuntu #how to change phpmyadmin login url ubuntu 18.04 #how to secure phpmyadmin access #how to secure phpmyadmin access with apache on ubuntu 18.04

Change The Default Shell in Ubuntu 22.04

Change The Default Shell in Ubuntu 22.04

Shell is a CLI (command line interpreter) utility which is essential in Linux. Shell has various types, but Bash (Bourne Again Shell) is the most popular. Bash is the default shell utility in different Linux distros, including Ubuntu.

However, many Ubuntu users always want to know how to change the default shell but they always get errors. In this short tutorial, we will explain the simple methods to change the default shell on Ubuntu 22.04

How to Change Default Shell on Ubuntu 22.04

First, verify which one is the default shell of your system. You can check it through the following command:

grep `whoami` /etc/passwd

In the previous command, we used the whoami command in the backtick to evaluate the user’s name. Similarly, you can also run the following command to display the default shell in a simpler format:

echo $SHELL

Change the Default Shell

The chsh command can change the default shell. You can run this command with the -s option (sets the shell as the login shell) to change the shell easily:

chsh -s /bin/zsh

Note: If your system does not contain the shell that you want to use, install it before using the previous command.

You can change the default shell for another user. Run the following command:

chsh -s <username>

If you want to go for the simple method, all you have to do is edit the /etc/passwd file as shown in the following:

sudo nano /etc/passwd

Once you are done, save the file and run the following command to verify the changes:

grep `whoami` /etc/passwd

You can change the default shell on Ubuntu through the usermod command. Here is a simple example that you can also try:

sudo usermod --shell /bin/csh <username>

Conclusion

This is all about the simple approaches that you can use to change the default shell on Ubuntu 22.04. We explained the three methods, but changing the /etc/passwd is the simpler method that you can try. Moreover, you can also check the default shell using the grep “whoami” /etc/passwd command.

Original article source at: https://linuxhint.com/

#ubuntu #shell #default 

How to Install Microsoft Teams on Ubuntu 20.04

Microsoft Teams is a communication platform used for Chat, Calling, Meetings, and Collaboration. Generally, it is used by companies and individuals working on projects. However, Microsoft Teams is available for macOS, Windows, and Linux operating systems available now.

In this tutorial, we will show you how to install Microsoft Teams on Ubuntu 20.04 machine. By default, Microsoft Teams package is not available in the Ubuntu default repository. However we will show you 2 methods to install Teams by downloading the Debian package from their official website, or by adding the Microsoft repository.

Install Microsoft Teams on Ubuntu 20.04

1./ Install Microsoft Teams using Debian installer file

01- First, navigate to teams app downloads page and grab the Debian binary installer. You can simply obtain the URL and pull the binary using wget;

$ VERSION=1.3.00.5153
$ wget https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams/pool/main/t/teams/teams_${VERSION}_amd64.deb

#linux #ubuntu #install microsoft teams on ubuntu #install teams ubuntu #microsoft teams #teams #teams download ubuntu #teams install ubuntu #ubuntu install microsoft teams #uninstall teams ubuntu

2 Ways to Upgrade Ubuntu 18.04/18.10 To Ubuntu 19.04 (GUI & Terminal)

This tutorial is going to you 2 ways to upgrade Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 18.10 to 19.04. The first method uses the graphical update manger and the second method uses command line. Usually you use the graphical update manager to upgrade Ubuntu desktop and use command line to upgrade Ubuntu server, but the command-line method works for desktops too.

#ubuntu #linux #ubuntu 19.04 #ubuntu desktop #ubuntu server

How To Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04

Jenkins is an open-source automation server that helps to automate the repetitive tasks involved in the software development process, which includes building, testing, and deployments.

Jenkins was forked from the Oracle Hudson project and written in Java.

Here, we will see how to install Jenkins on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04.

Install Jenkins On Ubuntu 20.04

Install Java

Since Jenkins is written in Java, it requires Java 8 or Java 11 to run. Here, I will install the OpenJDK 11 for Jenkins installation.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y default-jre apt-transport-https wget

If you want to use the Oracle Java in place of OpenJDK, then use any one of the links to install it.

READ: How To Install Oracle Java on Ubuntu 20.04

READ: How To Install Oracle Java on Ubuntu 18.04

Verify the Java version after the installation.

java -version

Output:

openjdk version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.8+10-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu120.04)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.8+10-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu120.04, mixed mode, sharing)

Add Jenkins Repository

Jenkins provides an official repository for its packages. To use the Jenkins repository, first, we will need to add the Jenkins public key to the system.

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -

Then, add the Jenkins repository to your system.

echo "deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list

Install Jenkins

Install Jenkins package using the apt command.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y jenkins

The Jenkins service should now be up and running. You can check the status of the Jenkins service using the below command.

sudo systemctl status jenkins

#ubuntu #jenkins #ubuntu 18.04 #ubuntu 20.04