1598155740
Elasticsearch 7.x Backup — “Snapshot & Restore” on AWS S3
In 2016 I wrote an Article about Elasticsearch Backup, it had and still has quite good interests from people. I decided to start a new series of articles with the Backup topic as the main argument.
The old article covered Snapshot & Restore functionalities based on Elasticsearch 2.4.x and the upcoming version, the 5.0. As it was 4 years ago I choose to refresh this tutorial and making it the first of a series of more.
I will prepare a small article on how to use the snapshot & restore functionality with different cloud-provider. This article is based on Elasticsearch 7.x, it doesn’t mean it couldn’t work on older versions but I focused on the latest one.
Elasticsearch Snapshot & Restore
Elasticsearch has a smart solution to backup single indices or entire clusters to remote shared filesystem or S3 or HDFS. The snapshot ES creates does not so resource consuming and is relatively small.
The idea behind these snapshots is that they are not “archive” in a strict sense, these snapshots can only be read by a version of Elasticsearch that is capable to read the index version stored inside the snapshot.
So you can follow this quick scheme if you want to restore ES snapshots :
- A snapshot of an index created in 6.x can be restored to 7.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 5.x can be restored to 6.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 2.x can be restored to 5.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 1.x can be restored to 2.x.
Snapshots of indices created with ES 1.x cannot be restored to 5.x or 6.x, snapshots of indices created in 2.x cannot be restored to 6.x or 7.x, and snapshots of indices created in 5.x cannot be restored to 7.x or 8.x.
#elasticsearch-snapshot #elasticsearch-plugins #elasticsearch #backup #elasticsearch-backup #aws
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1598155740
Elasticsearch 7.x Backup — “Snapshot & Restore” on AWS S3
In 2016 I wrote an Article about Elasticsearch Backup, it had and still has quite good interests from people. I decided to start a new series of articles with the Backup topic as the main argument.
The old article covered Snapshot & Restore functionalities based on Elasticsearch 2.4.x and the upcoming version, the 5.0. As it was 4 years ago I choose to refresh this tutorial and making it the first of a series of more.
I will prepare a small article on how to use the snapshot & restore functionality with different cloud-provider. This article is based on Elasticsearch 7.x, it doesn’t mean it couldn’t work on older versions but I focused on the latest one.
Elasticsearch Snapshot & Restore
Elasticsearch has a smart solution to backup single indices or entire clusters to remote shared filesystem or S3 or HDFS. The snapshot ES creates does not so resource consuming and is relatively small.
The idea behind these snapshots is that they are not “archive” in a strict sense, these snapshots can only be read by a version of Elasticsearch that is capable to read the index version stored inside the snapshot.
So you can follow this quick scheme if you want to restore ES snapshots :
- A snapshot of an index created in 6.x can be restored to 7.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 5.x can be restored to 6.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 2.x can be restored to 5.x.
- A snapshot of an index created in 1.x can be restored to 2.x.
Snapshots of indices created with ES 1.x cannot be restored to 5.x or 6.x, snapshots of indices created in 2.x cannot be restored to 6.x or 7.x, and snapshots of indices created in 5.x cannot be restored to 7.x or 8.x.
#elasticsearch-snapshot #elasticsearch-plugins #elasticsearch #backup #elasticsearch-backup #aws
1665369120
CellularAutomata.jl: Cellular Automata Simulation toolkit for Julia
Cellular Automata
A cellular automaton is a collection of "colored" cells on a grid of specified shape that evolves through a number of discrete time steps according to a set of rules based on the states of neighboring cells. The rules are then applied iteratively for as many time steps as desired.
mathworld.wolfram.com/CellularAutomaton
Elementary CA
To generate an elementary cellular automaton, use
ca = CellularAutomaton(rule, init, gen)
where rule is the Wolfram code (integer), init is a vector containing the initial starting condition and gen is the number of generations to be computed. For a single starting cell in the middle just omit the init vector.
To generate 15 generations of elementary cellular automaton of rule 90 use
using CellularAutomata
ca90 = CellularAutomaton(90, 16)
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Totalistic CA
For a more complex cellular automaton you can change the number of states k the cell can be and the radius r of neighbors that can influence the states. If k is changed to be larger than 2, a totalistic CA is computed where only the average value of all neighbors count. This can be done like this
ca = CellularAutomaton(993, 15, k=3)
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2 dimensional CAs
Two dimensional cellular automaton (like Conway's Game of Life) can be created by
ca = CA2d(B, S, init, gen)
where B and S are vectors that have the numbers of neighboring cells that define when cell is born or survives, init (matrix) is the initial starting condition and gen is the number of generations the CA is to be computed.
Game of life is then run for 9 generations for e.g. a turbine pattern by typing
ca = CA2d([3], [2, 3], init, 9)
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Running Tests
To run tests, execute the following command from the root folder of the repository:
julia tests/run_tests.jlDownload Details:
Author: Natj
Source Code: https://github.com/natj/CellularAutomata.jl
License: MIT license
1619304540
Split Native Databases Backup and Restore for AWS RDS SQL Server
In this article, we will explore how to split native backup and restore for AWS RDS SQL Server from the AWS S3 bucket.
Introduction
We can deploy SQL Server in Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud infrastructure using the following ways.
- AWS Managed RDS SQL Server
- Customer Managed SQL Server
In the below table, we can see a high-level comparison between EC2 and RDS SQL.
#aws #aws rds #backup and restore #aws rds sql server #aws s3
1671716040
Backup and Restore Elasticsearch using Snapshots
Introduction
Hello everyone! Today in this blog, we will learn how to backup and restore Elasticsearch using snapshots. Before diving in, let’s first brush up on the basics of the topic.
Elasticsearch at a glance
- It is a search and analytics engine
- It is based on NoSQL technology
- It exposes REST API instead of CLI to perform various operations
- It is a combination of different nodes such as data, master, ingest, and client connected together.
Backup strategy at Elasticsearch
- Elasticsearch uses snapshots
- A snapshot is a backup taken from a running Elasticsearch cluster
- Repositories are used to store snapshots
- You must register a repository before you perform snapshot and restore operations
- Repositories can be either local or remote
- Different types of repositories supported by Elasticsearch are as follows:
- Windows shares using Microsoft UNC path
- NFS on Linux
- Directory on Single Node Cluster
- AWS
- Azure Cloud
- HPFS for Hadoop
Demo
- First, we should have elasticsearch up and running. To check the status, use the command –
- sudo systemctl status elasticsearch
You should be seeing the following output –
- Next, we’ll make a directory where we’ll be storing all our snapshots.
- mkdir elasticsearch-backup
- We need to make sure that the service elasticsearch can write into this directory. To give write permissions to the directory, use the command –
- sudo chown -R elasticsearch:elasticsearch elasticsearch-backup
- We need to give the path of our directory to elasticsearch. So, we need to make these changes in the /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml file.
- Restart the service using the following command –
- sudo systemctl restart elasticsearch.service
- Now, we need to create the repository. Use the following command to create the repo –
- curl -XPUT -H “content-type:application/json/” ‘http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/elasticsearch-backup’ -d ‘{“type”:”fs”,”settings”:{“location”:”/home/riya/elasticsearch-backup”,”compress”:true}}’
- You can see the repo description using the following command –
- curl -XGET ‘http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/_all?pretty’
- Now let’s list the indices we need to backup with the following command –
- curl -XGET ‘http://localhost:9200/_cat/indices’
- Finally, let’s take a backup for the indices. Use the command –
- The snapshot is now successfully created. Let us check the status –
- curl -XGET ‘http://localhost:9200/_snapshot/_all?pretty’
Restore
As now we have successfully taken the backup of our indices, let us just make sure if we’re able to retrieve the data if it gets lost. So, let us first delete our data using the following command –
- curl -XDELETE ‘http://localhost:9200/_all’
Now, if you’ll check, all the data must have been gone. So, let us try to restore our data using the snapshots we created.
- curl -XGET ‘http:localhost:9200/_snapshot/elasticsearch-backup/first-snapshot/_restore?wait_for_completion=true’
The above command will successfully restore all the lost or deleted data.
That’s it for now. I hope this article was useful to you. Please feel free to drop any comments, questions, or suggestions.
Original article source at: https://blog.knoldus.com/
1603936365
The Benefits of Amazon S3 Explained Through a Comic
AWS S3 is one of the most fundamental services of AWS Cloud.
It’s basically your unlimited and safest cloud storage.
Read this comic style conversation between two guys and get to know why some of the biggest companies in the world are using Amazon S3 for their business and why you should use it too.
#aws-s3 #aws #cloud-computing #cloud-storage #data-storage #aws-services #aws-top-story #aws-certification