Full Stack Developers: Everything You Need to Know

What is full stack developers? What is the full stack engineers job description? Are full stack developers paid more? How to hire full stack developers? Let’s find elaborative answers in this article!!!

Full stack development is a buzz word nowadays. More and more companies are hiring full stack developers to save their time and cost. But most of the people still confused about the homonyms like Full stack developers, MEAN stack developers, MERN stack developers, etc. etc. etc.!!!

Being a Sr. software consultant, I come across some common questions on full stack coders on a day-to-day basis from businesses want web or mobile application development. Some questions are like:

*What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D
Okay so in this blog, I am going to answer some common queries of businesses related to full stack coders. Read the questionnaire in order to get the right and precise information about Full Stack Web Developers. Here we go:

Query 1: What is full-stack web development?

Full stack web development services include:

Writing code for designing a website: Here, a full stack web developer uses popular programming languages like HTML, HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript.
Writing code for receiving the information input from the users and saving it in databases: Here, a full stack developer uses various popular programming languages like PHP, Ruby on Rails and Python for creating algorithms and business logic in order to manipulate the data collected from the users.
Managing Servers: Here, a full stack developer hosts the database on servers. Once your website is hosted on a server, anyone can access your website online.

Addition Information: Have a look at the complete application stack:

Query 2: What does a full stack web developer do?

A full stack web or mobile app developer work on the front end development as well as backend portions of web development or mobile app development. In other words, a full stack web developer is someone who can create a website that has an effective look and efficient functionality.

So Then… What is a Full Stack Engineer? A full stack engineer is a senior level developer role for someone with the skills of a full stack developer (as described above), but with the experience of project management in things like systems administration (managing, configuring, and maintaining computer systems and networks).

Query 3: What is the difference between a full stack developer and the MEAN stack developer?

A full stack developer has knowledge and experience of working with various stacks like MEAN, MERN, and LAMP. But it is not compulsory that a full stack developer is expert in all these stacks.

But a MEAN stack developer is expert in MEAN stack and has expertise in working on various technologies like MongoDB, ExpressJS, AngularJs, and NodeJS. All of these technologies have one thing common and that is, all of them use scripting language JavaScript.

Query 4: What’s the Difference Between Front End, Back End, and Full Stack?

A Front End developer (such as AngularJS developers, NodeJS developers, React Developers) writes code for web or mobile application and has the capability to manipulate the information present on the web/mobile app in order to make it look effective and appealing. Front End developer uses HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

A Back End developer such as PHP developers, ASP.Net developers, or Python developers) writes code for receiving the information input from the user. Also, a Back End Developer saves this information in the database.

Full Stack Web Developer has experience of working in both the technologies- Front End as well as Back End of any application. Also, he/she has additional knowledge about MERN, MEAN, and LAMP.

Query 5: How a full stack web developer can help you enhance your business?

A full stack web app developer is proficient in both frontend and backend of any web or mobile applications and they can create a good looking and attractive web app for your business.

Also, the developer writes the code to give it efficient functionality. Not only this, a full stack web developer or Android mobile app developer or iOS mobile app developer hosts the database of your website on the server. So, by creating an attractive and efficient website, a full stack web developer helps you to get potential customers online.

Instead of hiring multiple coders, programmers or developers, some companies or businesses prefer professionals who can multitask. There’s a famous saying, “two is better than one.” So when you know both back-end and front-end, there is a higher chance and opportunity to land a job in the tech or software industry. In addition to this, based on the project need, a business can easily switch between front-end and back-end development.

Query 6: Which are some good full stack web development providers in India?

There are several companies providing full stack developers for hire basis where one can hire full stack web developers at affordable price rates. I have shortlisted some companies based on their portfolio, online reputation, cumulative annual growth rate, Google ranking, Clutch, and Goodfirms ratings, to name a few. Here are these companies:

*What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D> *What are full stack developers? Are they superhumans in the world of coding? :D#### Query 7: Which programming languages a full stack developer know?

A full stack web developer has good experience of working with HTML, CSS, JavaScript (such as AngularJS development, Nodejs Development, VueJS development, and Reactjs Development) as well as various backend languages like PHP web development, ASP.Net web development, Ruby web development, and Python web development.

Query 8: What is the average pay of the full stack web developers in India or will it cost high for hiring?

According to a pilot conducted by Indeed, the average salary for a Full Stack Developer in India is 6.25 lakhs per annum. It implies that a Full Stack Developer in India makes around 52 thousand per month.

Query 9: Why is hiring a full stack web developer better than normal web developers?

A full stack developer has the knowledge and experience of working with Front end web development as well as Backend web development. Moreover, full stack developer has knowledge about technologies like LAMP, MERN and MEAN.

But if you hire a normal web developer, then this web developer may not be having knowledge about so many technologies. A normal web developer can be either a front end developer or a back end developer.

So, instead of hiring two different developers, one can hire a full stack developer that will be solely responsible for managing the website or application development work from start to the end.

Query 10: Why should one outsource its full stack web development?

There are various full stack web development providers that offer robust Full Stack web development services. Outsourcing Full Stack Web Development can help to get the best services and that too at the said time deadline.

Moreover, it saves a lot of time that a business can put into making strategies for marketing and sales.

We performed deep research before putting all these selected questions in this questionnaire. We hope that these questions help you in solving all the queries that you have regarding Full Stack Web Developers.

Wrapping Up:

I hope I have cleared all doubts of businesses and companies related to hiring full stack developers. Full stack developers definitely will help you save money and time, but you have to pay more to full stack developer(obviously).

If you have any other query related to full stack programmers and coders, feel free to ask me through the comment box, and I will try to answer it as soon as possible by adding more information here.

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Throughout my career, a multitude of people have asked me <em>what does it take to become a successful developer?</em>

Throughout my career, a multitude of people have asked me what does it take to become a successful developer?

It’s a common question newbies and those looking to switch careers often ask — mostly because they see the potential paycheck. There is also a Hollywood level of coolness attached to working with computers nowadays. Being a programmer or developer is akin to being a doctor or lawyer. There is job security.

But a lot of people who try to enter the profession don’t make it. So what is it that separates those who make it and those who don’t?

Read full article here

Why you should learn the Rust programming language

Rust has many features that make it useful, but developers and their needs differ. I cover five of the key concepts that make Rust worth learning

Discover the history, key concepts, and tools for using Rust

A recent Stack Overflow survey found that almost 80% of respondents loved using or wanted to develop with the Rust language. That’s an incredible number! So, what’s so good about Rust? This article explores the high points of this C-like language and illustrates why it should be next on your list of languages to learn.

Rust and its genealogy

First, let’s start with a quick history lesson. Rust is a new language relative to its predecessors (most importantly C, which preceded it by 38 years), but its genealogy creates its multiparadigm approach. Rust is considered a C-like language, but the other features it includes create advantages over its predecessors (see Figure 1).

First, Rust is heavily influenced by Cyclone (a safe dialect of C and an imperative language), with some aspects of object-oriented features from C++. But, it also includes functional features from languages like Haskell and OCaml. The result is a C-like language that supports multiparadigm programming (imperative, functional, and object oriented).

Figure 1. Rust and its family tree

Key concepts in Rust

Rust has many features that make it useful, but developers and their needs differ. I cover five of the key concepts that make Rust worth learning and show these ideas in Rust source.

First, to get a feel for the code, let’s look at the canonical “Hello World” program that simply emits that message to the user (see Listing 1).

Listing 1. “Hello World” in Rust

fn main()
{
   println!( "Hello World.");
}

This simple program, similar to C, defines a main function that is the designated entry point for the program (and every program has one). The function is defined with the fnkeyword followed by an optional set of parameters within parentheses (()). The curly braces ({}) delineate the function; this function consists of a call to the println! macro, which emits formatted text to the console (stdout), as defined by the string parameter.

Rust includes a variety of features that make it interesting and worth the investment to learn. You’ll find concepts like modules for reusability, memory safety and guarantees (safe vs. unsafe operations), unrecoverable and recoverable error handling features, support for concurrency, and complex data types (called collections).

Reusable code via modules

Rust allows you to organize code in a way that fosters its reuse. You achieve this organization by using modules, which contain functions, structures, and even other modules that you can make public (that is, expose to users of the module) or private (that is, use only within the module and not by the module users — at least not directly). The module organizes code as a package that others can use.

You use three keywords to create modules, use modules, and modify the visibility of elements in modules.

The mod keyword creates a new module
The use keyword lets you use the module (expose the definitions into scope to use them)
The pub keyword makes elements of the module public (otherwise, they’re private).

Listing 2 provides a simple example. It starts by creating a new module called bits that contains three functions. The first function, called pos, is a private function that takes a u32 argument and returns a u32 (as indicated by the -> arrow), which is a 1 value shifted left bit times. Note that a return keyword isn’t needed here. This value is called by two public functions (note the pub keyword): decimal and hex. These functions call the private pos function and print the value of the bit position in decimal or hexadecimal format (note the use of to indicate hexadecimal format). Finally, it declares a main function that calls the bits module’s two public functions, with the output shown at the end of Listing 2 as comments.

Listing 2. Simple module example in Rust

mod bits {

fn pos(bit: u32) ‑> u32 {

1 << bit

}
pub fn decimal(bit: u32) {

println!("Bits decimal {}", pos(bit));

}
pub fn hex(bit: u32) {

println!("Bits decimal 0x{:x}", pos(bit));

}

}

Modules enable you to collect functionality in public or private ways, but you can also associate methods to objects by using the impl keyword.

Safety checks for cleaner code

The Rust compiler enforces memory safety guarantees and other checking that make the programming language safe (unlike C, which can be unsafe). So, in Rust, you’ll never have to worry about dangling pointers or using an object after it has been freed. These things are part of the core Rust language. But, in fields such as embedded development, it’s important to do things like place a structure at an address that represents a set of hardware registers.

Rust includes an unsafe keyword with which you can disable checks that would typically result in a compilation error. As shown in Listing 3, the unsafe keyword enables you to declare an unsafe block. In this example, I declare an unmutable variable x, and then a pointer to that variable called raw. Then, to de-reference raw (which in this case would print 1 to the console), I use the unsafe keyword to permit this operation, which would otherwise be flagged at compilation.

Listing 3. Unsafe operations in Rust

fn main() {

let a = 1;

let rawp = &a as const i32;
unsafe {

println!("rawp is {}", rawp);

}

}

You can apply the unsafe keyword to functions as well as blocks of code within a Rust function. The keyword is most common in writing bindings to non-Rust functions. This feature makes Rust useful for things like operating system development or embedded (bare-metal) programming.

Better error handling

Errors happen, regardless of the programming language you use. In Rust, errors fall into two camps: unrecoverable errors (the bad kind) and recoverable errors (the not-so-bad kind).

Unrecoverable errors

The Rust panic! function is similar to C‘s assert macro. It generates output to help the user debug a problem (as well as stopping execution before more catastrophic events occur). The panic! function is shown in Listing 4, with its executable output in comments.

Listing 04. Handling unrecoverable errors in Rust with panic!



fn main() {

panic!("Bad things happening.");

}
// thread 'main' panicked at 'Bad things happening.', panic.rs:2:4

// note: Run with RUST_BACKTRACE=1 for a backtrace.

From the output, you can see that the Rust runtime indicates exactly where the issue occurred (line 2) and emitted the provided message (which could emit more descriptive information). As indicated in the output message, you could generate a stack backtrace by running with a special environment variable called RUST_BACKTRACE. You can also invoke panic! internally based on detectable errors (such as accessing an invalid index of a vector).

Recoverable errors

Handling recoverable errors is a standard part of programming, and Rust includes a nice feature for error checking (see Listing 5). Take a look at this feature in the context of a file operation. The File::open function returns a type of Result<T, E>, where T and Erepresent generic type parameters (in this context, they represent std::fs::File and std::io::Error). So, when you call File::open and no error has occurred (E is Ok), T would represent the return type (std::fs::File). If an error occurred, E would represent the type of error that occurred (using the type std::io::Error). (Note that my file variable fuses an underscore [] to omit the unused variable warning that the compiler generated.)

I then use a special feature in Rust called match, which is similar to the switch statement in C but more powerful. In this context, I match _f against the possible error values (Okand Err). For Ok, I return the file for assignment; for Err, I use panic!.

Listing 5. Handling recoverable errors in Rust with Result<t, e>



use std::fs::File;
fn main() {

let _f = File::open("file.txt");
let _f = match _f {

Ok(file) => file,

Err(why) => panic!("Error opening the file {:?}", why),

};

}
// thread 'main' panicked at 'Error opening the file Error { repr: Os

// { code: 2, message: "No such file or directory" } }', recover.rs:8:23

// note: Run with RUST_BACKTRACE=1 for a backtrace.

Recoverable errors are simplified within Rust when you use the Result enum; they’re further simplified through the use of match. Note also in this example the lack of a File::close operation: The file is automatically closed when the scope of _f ends.

Support for concurrency and threads

Concurrency commonly comes with issues (data races and deadlocks, to name two). Rust provides the means to spawn threads by using the native operating system but also attempts to mitigate the negative effects of threading. Rust includes message passing to allow threads to communicate with one another (via send and recv as well as locking through mutexes). Rust also provides the ability to permit a thread to borrow a value, which gives it ownership and effectively transitions the scope of the value (and its ownership) to a new thread. Thus, Rust provides memory safety along with concurrency without data races.

Consider a simple example of threading within Rust that introduces some new elements (vector operations) and brings back some previously discussed concepts (pattern matching). In Listing 6, I begin by importing the thread and Duration namespaces into my program. I then declare a new function called my_thread, which represents the thread that I’ll create later. In this thread, I simply emit the thread’s identifier, and then sleep for a short time to permit the scheduler to allow another thread to run.

My main function is the heart of this example. I begin by creating an empty mutable vector that I can use to store values of the same type. I then create 10 threads by using the spawn function and push the resulting join handle into the vector (more on this later). This spawn example is detached from the current thread, which allows the thread to live after the parent thread has exited. After emitting a short message from the parent thread, I finally iterate the vector of JoinHandle types and wait for each child thread to exit. For each JoinHandle in the vector, I call the join function, which waits for that thread to exit before continuing. If the join function returns an error, I’ll expose that error through the match call.

Listing 6. Threads in Rust



use std::thread;

use std::time::Duration;
fn mythread() {

println!("Thread {:?} is running", std::thread::current().id());

thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1));

}
fn main() {

let mut v = vec![];
for _i in 1..10 {

v.push( thread::spawn(|| { my_thread(); } ) );

}
println!("main() waiting.");
for child in v {

match child.join() {

Ok() => (),

Err(why) => println!("Join failure {:?}", why),

};

}

}

On execution, I see the output provided in Listing 7. Note here that the main thread continued to execute until the join process had begun. The threads then executed and exited at different times, identifying the asynchronous nature of threads.

Listing 7. Thread output from the example code in Listing 6



main() waiting.

Thread ThreadId(7) is running

Thread ThreadId(9) is running

Thread ThreadId(8) is running

Thread ThreadId(6) is running

Thread ThreadId(5) is running

Thread ThreadId(4) is running

Thread ThreadId(3) is running

Thread ThreadId(2) is running

Thread ThreadId(1) is running

Support for complex data types (collections)

The Rust standard library includes several popular and useful data structures that you can use in your development, including four types of data structures: sequences, maps, sets, and a miscellaneous type.

For sequences, you can use the vector type (Vec), which I used in the threading example. This type provides a dynamically resizeable array and is useful for collecting data for later processing. The VecDeque structure is similar to Vec, but you can insert it at both ends of the sequence. The LinkedList structure is similar to Vec, as well, but with it, you can split and append lists.

For maps, you have the HashMap and BTreeMap structures. You use the HashMap structure to create key-value pairs, and you can reference elements by their key (to retrieve the value). The BTreeMap is similar to the HashMap, but it can sort the keys, and you can easily iterate all the entries.

For sets, you have the HashSet and BTreeSet structures (which you’ll note follow the maps structures). These structures are useful when you don’t have values (just keys) and you easily recall the keys that have been inserted.

Finally, the miscellaneous structure is currently the BinaryHeap. This structure implements a priority queue with a binary heap.

Installing Rust and its tools

One of the simplest ways to install Rust is by using curl through the installation script. Simply execute the following string from the Linux® command line:

curl -sSf https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh | sh

This string transfers the rustup shell script from rust-lang.org, and then passes the script to the shell for execution. When complete, you can execute rustc -v to show the version of Rust you installed. With Rust installed, you can maintain it by using the rustuputility, which you can also use to update your Rust installation.

The Rust compiler is called rustc. In the examples shown here, the build process is simply defined as:

rustc threads.rs

…where the rust compiler produces a native executable file called threads. You can symbolically debug Rust programs by using either rust-lldb or rust-gdb.

You’ve probably noticed that the Rust programs I’ve demonstrated here have a unique style. You can learn this style through the automatic Rust source formatting by using the rustfmt utility. This utility, executed with a source file name, will automatically format your source in a consistent, standardized style.

Finally, although Rust is quite strict in what it accepts for source, you can use the rust-clippy program to dive further in to your source to identify elements of bad practice. Think of rust-clippy as the C lint utility.

Windows considerations

On Windows, Rust additionally requires the C++ build tools for Visual Studio 2013 or later. The easiest way to acquire the build tools is by installing Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2017 which provides just the Visual C++ build tools. Alternately, you can install Visual Studio 2017, Visual Studio 2015, or Visual Studio 2013 and during the install, select C++ tools.

For further information about configuring Rust on Windows, see the Windows-specific rustup documentation.

Going further

In mid-February 2018, the Rust team released version 1.24. This version includes incremental compilation, automatic source formatting with rustfmt, new optimizations, and library stabilizations. You can learn more about Rust and its evolution at the Rust blog and download Rust from the Rust Language website. There, you can read about the many other features Rust offers, including pattern matching, iterators, closures, and smart pointers.

Originally published on https://developer.ibm.com