Python List Contains | How To Check If Item Exists In List

Python list contains

To check if Python list contains a specific item, use an inbuilt in operator. The in operator that checks if the list contains a specific element or not. It can also check if the item exists on the list or not using the list.count() function.

Python not in inverse operator is also used to check if the item exists in the list or not.

Python list is an essential container as if stores elements of all the datatypes as a collection. Python “in operator” is the most convenient way to check if an item exists on the list or not.

This approach returns True if an item exists in the list and False if an item does not exist in the list. The list need not be sorted to practice this approach of checking.

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Comparando Los Mejores Generadores De Grid CSS

Rejillas, rejillas, rejillas. Tantas cosas que podemos hacer con ellos. Pero, tantas propiedades que tenemos que recordar. 😅

Si eres como yo y siempre tienes que recurrir a Google cuando usas grillas, los trucos que veremos en esta guía te harán la vida mucho más fácil como desarrollador.

¿Qué son los generadores de grid CSS?

Un generador de cuadrículas es un sitio web que puede usar para generar una cuadrícula con unos pocos clics. Pero, ¿por qué deberías preocuparte por ellos? En mi caso, los uso con bastante frecuencia cuando quiero diseñar el diseño de mis sitios web o una estructura receptiva compleja dentro de una interfaz. Las cuadrículas son geniales porque te ayudan a lograr mucho con solo unas pocas líneas CSS, lo que ahorra mucho tiempo.

En este artículo, compararemos los siguientes generadores de grillas CSS y enumeraremos sus ventajas y desventajas para que pueda marcar su favorito:

• Generador de cuadrícula CSS
• Generador de diseño CSS
• Diseño de cuadrícula
• rejilla
• cssgr.id
• Cuadrícula CSS de Angry Tools

Además, para ahorrarle tiempo, hice una hoja de trucos con las propiedades esenciales de la cuadrícula CSS que debe recordar. 🥳 Esta hoja de trucos está disponible al final de este artículo.

1. Generador de cuadrícula CSS

Puse CSS Grid Generator primero en mi lista porque lo uso más. Es un proyecto de código abierto diseñado por Sarah Drasner (el código del proyecto está disponible aquí si quieres contribuir).

Para darte un ejemplo, hace poco necesitaba generar una cuadrícula simple con dos filas y tres columnas. No recordaba cómo establecer un tamaño específico para el espacio entre filas y entre columnas. Con CSS Grid Generator, pude crear fácilmente la estructura que deseaba y pasar a tareas más complejas.

.parent { pantalla: cuadrícula; cuadrícula-plantilla-columnas: repetir (3, 1fr); cuadrícula-plantilla-filas: repetir (2, 1fr); cuadrícula-columna-brecha: 60px; cuadrícula-fila-brecha: 30px; }

La cuadrícula final se veía así:

Ventajas:

• La interfaz es fácil de usar y los colores están bien elegidos, lo que convierte a CSS Grid Generator en una excelente herramienta para los principiantes que desean familiarizarse más con las cuadrículas CSS.
• CSS Grid Generator puede ayudarlo a obtener el resultado que desea para la mayoría de los casos de uso porque puede especificar la cantidad de columnas, filas y espacios en sus cuadrículas
• Simplemente presione un botón para obtener una vista previa del código y copiarlo en su portapapeles

Contras:

• No hay una plantilla que pueda elegir para ahorrarle tiempo
• No podrás generar diseños complicados

2. Generador de diseño CSS

Podría haber puesto el Generador de diseño CSS primero en la lista. Si está buscando generar cuadrículas complicadas todo el tiempo, esta es probablemente la que debería marcar. Desarrollado por Braid Design System , CSS Layout Generator ofrece una amplia gama de opciones que resolverán la mayoría de los dolores de cabeza.

En mi trabajo diario, uso mucho las plantillas CSS Layout Generator porque te permiten elegir convenientemente entre una estructura con una barra lateral/contenedor o un encabezado/principal/pie de página.

<section class="layout">
  <!-- The left sidebar where you can put your navigation items etc. -->
  <div class="sidebar">1</div>

  <!-- The main content of your website -->
  <div class="body">2</div>
</section>

<style>
.layout {
  width: 1366px;
  height: 768px;
  display: grid;
  /* This is the most important part where we define the size of our sidebar and body  */
  grid:
    "sidebar body" 1fr
    / auto 1fr;
  gap: 8px;
}

.sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

.body {
  grid-area: body;
}
</style>

La opción de la barra lateral se ve así:

Ventajas:

• CSS Layout Generator le permite elegir entre seis plantillas estándar para comenzar más rápido
• Hay muchas opciones para resolver casi todos los casos de uso
• Puede cambiar entre cuadrículas y Flexbox, lo cual es útil para comparar ambas opciones
• La interfaz es excelente y fácil de usar.

Contras:

• Debido a que ofrece tantas opciones, CSS Layout Generator puede resultar confuso para un principiante.

3. Diseño de cuadrícula

Grid Layout fue desarrollado por Leniolabs y es otro generador de grillas que viene con muchas opciones. El código está disponible públicamente en GitHub si está interesado en contribuir .

La semana pasada, un cliente me pidió que diseñara una interfaz para mostrar métricas importantes sobre su producto (algo similar a Geckoboard ). El diseño que quería era muy preciso pero, gracias a LayoutIt, generé el código en unos segundos.

<div class="container">
  <div class="metric-1"></div>
  <div class="metric-2"></div>
  <div class="metrics-3"></div>
  <div class="metric-4"></div>
  <div class="metric-5"></div>
  <div class="metric-6"></div>
</div>

<style>
.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px 20px;
  grid-auto-flow: row;
  grid-template-areas:
    "metric-1 metric-1 metric-2"
    "metrics-3 metric-4 metric-2"
    "metric-5 metric-5 metric-6";
}
.metric-1 {
  grid-area: metric-1;
}
.metric-2 {
  grid-area: metric-2;
}
.metrics-3 {
  grid-area: metrics-3;
}
.metric-4 {
  grid-area: metric-4;
}
.metric-5 {
  grid-area: metric-5;
}
.metric-6 {
  grid-area: metric-6;
}
</style>

El diseño resultante se veía así:

Ventajas:

• Grid Layout Es intuitivo de usar y ofrece muchas opciones
• Puede configurar sus columnas y sus filas usando píxeles (px), fraccionarios (fr) y porcentajes (%)
• Sus diseños se pueden exportar a CodePen, CodeSandbox o StackBlitz con un solo clic
• La interfaz está bien diseñada, con un contraste adecuado entre las opciones y la vista previa de la cuadrícula.
• Diseño de cuadrícula Admite opciones de ubicación de cuadrícula

Contras:

• Este generador no proporciona plantillas para ahorrarle tiempo, que es la razón principal por la que lo puse tercero en la lista.

4. cuadrícula

En mi experiencia pasada, pasé mucho tiempo usando Griddy . Es un poco menos fácil de usar que la cuadrícula CSS creada por Sarah Drasner, pero ofrece más opciones.

Por ejemplo, le permite generar fácilmente una cuadrícula de cuatro columnas con tres filas:

.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 2fr 100px 1fr;
  grid-column-gap: 10px
  grid-row-gap: 20px
  justify-items: stretch
  align-items: stretch
}

El diseño resultante se ve así:

Ventajas:

• Puede configurar sus columnas y sus filas usando píxeles (px), fraccionarios (fr) y porcentajes (%)
• Las opciones proporcionadas son suficientes para resolver la mayoría de los casos de uso y probar diferentes alineaciones. En pocas palabras, hace el trabajo

Contras:

• Puede que sea una cuestión de gustos, pero la barra lateral con las opciones no es la mejor interfaz para mí. Tienes que desplazarte un rato para conseguir lo que buscas
• No hay plantillas para elegir
• no hay minmax()funcion

5. Cssgr.id

Cssgr.id es otra excelente opción si está buscando un generador de cuadrícula que no tenga demasiadas opciones pero sí las suficientes para resolver la mayoría de los casos de uso.

Usé Cssgr.id el año pasado para crear una galería porque recordé que tenía una plantilla de galería. Con unos pocos clics, pude obtener algo bastante parecido a lo que necesitaba.

<div class="grid">
  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 1</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 2</div>
  <div class="span-row-2">Item 3</div>
  <div class="span-row-3">Item 4</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 5</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 6</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 7</div>

  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 8</div>

  <!-- This item will take 2 columns and 3 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-2 span-row-2">Item 9</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 10</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 11</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 12</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 13</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 14</div>
</div>

<style>
.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 10px;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 columns */
.span-col-3 {
  grid-column: span 3 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 columns */
.span-col-2 {
  grid-column: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 rows */
.span-row-2 {
  grid-row: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 rows */
.span-row-3 {
  grid-row: span 3 / auto;
}
</style>

La galería quedó así:

Ventajas:

• Cssgr.id viene con cinco diseños de inicio prácticos para elegir (3 × 3, formación de fútbol, ​​encabezado/pie de página, galería y sitio web genérico)
• Puede agregar texto de marcador de posición para ver cómo se representa con algún contenido escrito
• Tiene una interfaz bien diseñada que se puede configurar fácilmente.

Contras:

• No es el generador de grillas con más opciones

6. Cuadrícula CSS de Angry Tools

Angry Tools CSS Grid es el último generador de cuadrículas CSS de nuestra lista. Puede ser útil, aunque probablemente menos fácil de usar que las otras herramientas destacadas en esta guía.

Angry Tools CSS Grid también es útil para generar galerías. Al hacer clic en los cuadrados, puede definir sus tamaños y sus direcciones (horizontal o verticalmente).

<div class="angry-grid">
  <div id="item-0">Item 0</div>
  <div id="item-1">Item 1</div>
  <div id="item-2">Item 2</div>
  <div id="item-3">Item 3</div>
  <div id="item-4">Item 4</div>
  <div id="item-5">Item 5</div>
  <div id="item-6">Item 6</div>
  <div id="item-7">Item 7</div>
  <div id="item-8">Item 8</div>
  <div id="item-9">Item 9</div>
</div>

<style>
.angry-grid {
  display: grid;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 3 rows */
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 4 columns */
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* You can define a gap between your columns and your rows if you need to */
  gap: 0px;
  height: 100%;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 4 and end at row 2 and column 5 */
#item-0 {
  background-color: #8bf7ba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 3 and end at row 3 and column 5 */
#item-1 {
  background-color: #bf9aa7;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 2 and end at row 3 and column 3 */
#item-2 {
  background-color: #c7656e;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 2;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 1 and end at row 2 and column 3 */
#item-3 {
  background-color: #b659df;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 1 and end at row 4 and column 3 */
#item-4 {
  background-color: #be6b5e;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 4 and end at row 4 and column 6 */
#item-5 {
  background-color: #5bb9d7;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 5 and end at row 3 and column 6 */
#item-6 {
  background-color: #56adba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 5;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 3 and end at row 2 and column 4 */
#item-7 {
  background-color: #9cab58;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 3 and end at row 4 and column 4 */
#item-8 {
  background-color: #8558ad;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 1 and end at row 3 and column 2 */
#item-9 {
  background-color: #96b576;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 2;
}
</style>

La galería resultante se ve así:

Ventajas:

• Angry Tools CSS Grid viene con algunas plantillas entre las que puede elegir

Contras:

• No tiene el mejor diseño en general. Para ser honesto, es bastante feo y puede ser difícil de usar.
• No recomendaría esta herramienta para principiantes. Los desarrolladores avanzados probablemente también deberían elegir CSS Layout Generator o Grid LayoutIt en su lugar
• Tienes que desplazarte para obtener los resultados de CSS

BONIFICACIÓN: hoja de trucos de cuadrícula CSS

Los generadores de cuadrículas CSS son excelentes cuando no está familiarizado con las propiedades CSS. Pero, a medida que se convierte en un desarrollador más avanzado, es posible que una hoja de trucos rápidos sea probablemente más útil.

😇 Si te puede ayudar, aquí está el que he hecho para mí:

gap	Establece el tamaño del espacio entre las filas y las columnas. Es una forma abreviada de las siguientes propiedades: row-gapycolumn-gap
row-gap	Especifica el espacio entre las filas de la cuadrícula.
column-gap	Especifica el espacio entre las columnas.
grid	Una propiedad abreviada para: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns,grid-auto-flow
grid-area	Especifica el tamaño y la ubicación de un elemento de cuadrícula en un diseño de cuadrícula y es una propiedad abreviada para las siguientes propiedades: grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end,grid-column-end
grid-auto-columns	Establece el tamaño de las columnas en un contenedor de cuadrícula.
grid-auto-flow	Controla cómo se insertan en la cuadrícula los elementos colocados automáticamente
grid-auto-rows	Establece el tamaño de las filas en un contenedor de cuadrícula
grid-column	Especifica el tamaño y la ubicación de un elemento de cuadrícula en un diseño de cuadrícula y es una propiedad abreviada para las siguientes propiedades: grid-column-start,grid-column-end
grid-column-end	Define cuántas columnas abarcará un elemento o en qué línea de columna terminará el elemento
grid-column-gap	Define el tamaño del espacio entre las columnas en un diseño de cuadrícula
grid-column-start	Define en qué línea de columna comenzará el elemento
grid-gap	Define el tamaño del espacio entre filas y columnas en un diseño de cuadrícula y es una propiedad abreviada para las siguientes propiedades: grid-row-gap,grid-column-gap
grid-row	Especifica el tamaño y la ubicación de un elemento de cuadrícula en un diseño de cuadrícula y es una propiedad abreviada para las siguientes propiedades: grid-row-start,grid-row-end
grid-row-end	Define cuántas filas abarcará un elemento o en qué línea de fila terminará el elemento
grid-row-gap	Define el tamaño del espacio entre las filas en un diseño de cuadrícula
grid-row-start	Define en qué línea de fila comenzará el artículo
grid-template	Una propiedad abreviada para las siguientes propiedades: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns,grid-template-areas
grid-template-areas	Especifica áreas dentro del diseño de cuadrícula.
grid-template-columns	Especifica el número (y el ancho) de las columnas en un diseño de cuadrícula
grid-template-rows	Especifica el número (y las alturas) de las filas en un diseño de cuadrícula

Espero que esta comparación rápida de los mejores generadores de grillas CSS te haya ayudado a marcar tu favorito.

Además, si puedo darte un consejo crítico cuando trabajes con grillas CSS: tómate tu tiempo. Estos generadores son una excelente opción porque pueden ayudarlo a obtener los diseños que necesita paso a paso y evitar depender de una solución complicada.

¡Gracias por leer!  

Fuente: https://blog.logrocket.com/comparing-best-css-grid-generators/

#css 

最高のCSSグリッドジェネレーターの比較

グリッド、グリッド、グリッド。それらを使ってできることはたくさんあります。しかし、覚えておかなければならない多くのプロパティ。😅

あなたが私のようで、グリッドを使用するときに常にGoogleに頼らなければならない場合、このガイドで説明するトリックは、開発者としてのあなたの生活をはるかに楽にします。

CSSグリッドジェネレーターとは何ですか？

グリッドジェネレーターは、数回クリックするだけでグリッドを生成するために使用できるWebサイトです。しかし、なぜあなたはそれらを気にする必要がありますか？私の場合、Webサイトのレイアウトや、インターフェイス内の複雑なレスポンシブ構造を設計するときに、これらを頻繁に使用します。グリッドは、わずか数行のCSSで多くのことを達成するのに役立ち、多くの時間を節約できるので素晴らしいです。

この記事では、次のCSSグリッドジェネレーターを比較し、それらの長所と短所を一覧表示して、お気に入りのものをブックマークできるようにします。

• CSSグリッドジェネレーター
• CSSレイアウトジェネレーター
• グリッドLayoutIt
• グリディ
• Cssgr.id
• AngryToolsCSSグリッド

また、時間を節約するために、覚えておく必要のある重要なCSSグリッドプロパティを使用してチートシートを作成しました。🥳このチートシートは、この記事の下部にあります。

1.CSSグリッドジェネレーター

CSSグリッドジェネレーターを最もよく使用するので、リストの最初に置きます。これはSarahDrasnerによって設計されたオープンソースプロジェクトです（プロジェクトのコードは、貢献したい場合はここから入手できます）。

例を挙げると、最近、2行3列の単純なグリッドを生成する必要がありました。行ギャップと列ギャップに特定のサイズを設定する方法を覚えていませんでした。CSS Grid Generatorを使用すると、必要な構造を簡単に作成して、より複雑なタスクに進むことができました。

.parent {表示：グリッド; grid-template-columns：repeat（3、1fr）; grid-template-rows：repeat（2、1fr）; grid-column-gap：60px; grid-row-gap：30px; }

最終的なグリッドは次のようになりました。

長所：

• インターフェイスはユーザーフレンドリーで、色も適切に選択されているため、CSSグリッドジェネレーターはCSSグリッドに慣れたい初心者にとって優れたツールです。
• CSSグリッドジェネレーターは、グリッド全体の列、行、およびギャップの数を指定できるため、ほとんどのユースケースで必要な結果を得るのに役立ちます。
• ボタンを1つ押すだけで、コードをプレビューしてクリップボードにコピーできます

短所：

• 時間を節約するために選択できるテンプレートはありません
• 複雑なレイアウトを生成することはできません

2.CSSレイアウトジェネレーター

CSSレイアウトジェネレーターをリストの最初に置くこともできます。常に複雑なグリッドを生成する場合は、これをブックマークする必要があります。ブレードデザインシステムによって開発されたCSSレイアウトジェネレーターは、ほとんどの頭痛の種を解決する幅広いオプションを提供します。

私の日常業務では、CSSレイアウトジェネレーターテンプレートを頻繁に使用します。これは、サイドバー/コンテナーまたはヘッダー/メイン/フッターのある構造を便利に選択できるためです。

<section class="layout">
  <!-- The left sidebar where you can put your navigation items etc. -->
  <div class="sidebar">1</div>

  <!-- The main content of your website -->
  <div class="body">2</div>
</section>

<style>
.layout {
  width: 1366px;
  height: 768px;
  display: grid;
  /* This is the most important part where we define the size of our sidebar and body  */
  grid:
    "sidebar body" 1fr
    / auto 1fr;
  gap: 8px;
}

.sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

.body {
  grid-area: body;
}
</style>

サイドバーオプションは次のようになります。

長所：

• CSS Layout Generatorを使用すると、6つの標準テンプレートから選択してより早く開始できます
• ほぼすべてのユースケースを解決するための多くのオプションがあります
• グリッドとFlexboxを切り替えることができます。これは、両方のオプションを比較するのに役立ちます
• インターフェースは素晴らしく、ユーザーフレンドリーです

短所：

• それは非常に多くのオプションを提供するので、CSSレイアウトジェネレータは初心者にとって混乱する可能性があります

3.グリッドLayoutIt

グリッドレイアウトこれはLeniolabsによって開発されたもので、多くのオプションを備えたもう1つのグリッドジェネレーターです。貢献に興味がある場合は、コードをGitHubで公開しています。

先週、顧客から、製品に関する重要なメトリックを表示するためのインターフェイスを設計するように依頼されました（Geckoboardに多少似ています）。彼が望んでいたレイアウトは非常に正確でしたが、LayoutItのおかげで、数秒でコードを生成できました。

<div class="container">
  <div class="metric-1"></div>
  <div class="metric-2"></div>
  <div class="metrics-3"></div>
  <div class="metric-4"></div>
  <div class="metric-5"></div>
  <div class="metric-6"></div>
</div>

<style>
.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px 20px;
  grid-auto-flow: row;
  grid-template-areas:
    "metric-1 metric-1 metric-2"
    "metrics-3 metric-4 metric-2"
    "metric-5 metric-5 metric-6";
}
.metric-1 {
  grid-area: metric-1;
}
.metric-2 {
  grid-area: metric-2;
}
.metrics-3 {
  grid-area: metrics-3;
}
.metric-4 {
  grid-area: metric-4;
}
.metric-5 {
  grid-area: metric-5;
}
.metric-6 {
  grid-area: metric-6;
}
</style>

結果のレイアウトは次のようになります。

長所：

• グリッドレイアウト直感的に使用でき、多くのオプションを提供します
• ピクセル（px）、フラクショナル（fr）、およびパーセンテージ（％）を使用して、列と行を設定できます。
• レイアウトは、ワンクリックでCodePen、CodeSandbox、またはStackBlitzにエクスポートできます
• インターフェースは適切に設計されており、オプションとグリッドプレビューの間に適切なコントラストがあります。
• グリッドレイアウトグリッド配置オプションをサポート

短所：

• このジェネレーターは、時間を節約するためのテンプレートを提供していません。これが、リストの3番目に配置した主な理由です。

4.グリディ

私の過去の経験では、Griddyを使用して多くの時間を費やしました。Sarah Drasnerによって作成されたCSSグリッドよりも使いやすさは少し劣りますが、より多くのオプションが提供されます。

たとえば、次の3行の4列グリッドを簡単に生成できます。

.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 2fr 100px 1fr;
  grid-column-gap: 10px
  grid-row-gap: 20px
  justify-items: stretch
  align-items: stretch
}

結果のレイアウトは次のようになります。

長所：

• ピクセル（px）、フラクショナル（fr）、およびパーセンテージ（％）を使用して、列と行を設定できます。
• 提供されているオプションは、ほとんどのユースケースを解決し、さまざまな配置をテストするのに十分です。一言で言えば、それは仕事を成し遂げます

短所：

• 好みの問題かもしれませんが、オプション付きのサイドバーは私にとって最適なインターフェイスではありません。探しているものを取得するには、しばらくスクロールする必要があります
• 選択できるテンプレートはありません
• minmax()機能はありません

5. Cssgr.id

Cssgr.idは、オプションが多すぎないが、ほとんどのユースケースを解決するのに十分なグリッドジェネレーターを探している場合のもう1つの優れた選択肢です。

ギャラリーテンプレートがあることを思い出したので、昨年Cssgr.idを使用してギャラリーを作成しました。数回クリックするだけで、必要なものに非常に近いものを得ることができました。

<div class="grid">
  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 1</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 2</div>
  <div class="span-row-2">Item 3</div>
  <div class="span-row-3">Item 4</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 5</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 6</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 7</div>

  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 8</div>

  <!-- This item will take 2 columns and 3 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-2 span-row-2">Item 9</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 10</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 11</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 12</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 13</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 14</div>
</div>

<style>
.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 10px;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 columns */
.span-col-3 {
  grid-column: span 3 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 columns */
.span-col-2 {
  grid-column: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 rows */
.span-row-2 {
  grid-row: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 rows */
.span-row-3 {
  grid-row: span 3 / auto;
}
</style>

ギャラリーは次のようになりました。

長所：

• Cssgr.idには、5つの実用的なスターターレイアウト（3×3、サッカーフォーメーション、ヘッダー/フッター、ギャラリー、および一般的なWebサイト）から選択できます。
• プレースホルダーテキストを追加して、書かれたコンテンツでどのようにレンダリングされるかを確認できます
• 簡単に設定できる適切に設計されたインターフェイスを備えています

短所：

• ほとんどのオプションを備えたグリッドジェネレータではありません

6. AngryToolsCSSグリッド

Angry Tools CSSグリッドは、リストの最後のCSSグリッドジェネレーターです。このガイドで強調表示されている他のツールよりもユーザーフレンドリーではないかもしれませんが、便利な場合があります。

Angry Tools CSSグリッドは、ギャラリーを生成するときにも役立ちます。正方形をクリックすると、サイズと方向（水平または垂直）を定義できます。

<div class="angry-grid">
  <div id="item-0">Item 0</div>
  <div id="item-1">Item 1</div>
  <div id="item-2">Item 2</div>
  <div id="item-3">Item 3</div>
  <div id="item-4">Item 4</div>
  <div id="item-5">Item 5</div>
  <div id="item-6">Item 6</div>
  <div id="item-7">Item 7</div>
  <div id="item-8">Item 8</div>
  <div id="item-9">Item 9</div>
</div>

<style>
.angry-grid {
  display: grid;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 3 rows */
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 4 columns */
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* You can define a gap between your columns and your rows if you need to */
  gap: 0px;
  height: 100%;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 4 and end at row 2 and column 5 */
#item-0 {
  background-color: #8bf7ba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 3 and end at row 3 and column 5 */
#item-1 {
  background-color: #bf9aa7;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 2 and end at row 3 and column 3 */
#item-2 {
  background-color: #c7656e;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 2;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 1 and end at row 2 and column 3 */
#item-3 {
  background-color: #b659df;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 1 and end at row 4 and column 3 */
#item-4 {
  background-color: #be6b5e;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 4 and end at row 4 and column 6 */
#item-5 {
  background-color: #5bb9d7;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 5 and end at row 3 and column 6 */
#item-6 {
  background-color: #56adba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 5;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 3 and end at row 2 and column 4 */
#item-7 {
  background-color: #9cab58;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 3 and end at row 4 and column 4 */
#item-8 {
  background-color: #8558ad;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 1 and end at row 3 and column 2 */
#item-9 {
  background-color: #96b576;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 2;
}
</style>

結果のギャラリーは次のようになります。

長所：

• Angry Tools CSS Gridには、選択可能ないくつかのテンプレートが付属しています

短所：

• 全体的に最高のデザインではありません。正直なところ、それはかなり醜く、使いにくいことがあります
• 初心者にはお勧めしません。上級開発者は、おそらく代わりにCSSLayoutGeneratorまたはGridLayoutItのいずれかを選択する必要があります
• CSS出力を取得するにはスクロールする必要があります

ボーナス：CSSグリッドチートシート

CSSグリッドジェネレーターは、CSSプロパティに慣れていない場合に最適です。ただし、より高度な開発者になると、簡単なチートシートの方がおそらく便利な場合があります。

😇それがあなたを助けることができるなら、これが私が自分のために作ったものです：

gap	行と列の間のギャップサイズを設定します。これは、次のプロパティの省略形ですrow-gap。column-gap
row-gap	グリッド行間のギャップを指定します
column-gap	列間のギャップを指定します
grid	grid-template-rowsの省略grid-template-columns形プロパティ：grid-template-areas、、、、、、grid-auto-rowsgrid-auto-columnsgrid-auto-flow
grid-area	グリッドレイアウトでのグリッドアイテムのサイズと位置を指定します。これは、次のプロパティの省略形のプロパティです：grid-row-start、、、grid-column-startgrid-row-endgrid-column-end
grid-auto-columns	グリッドコンテナの列のサイズを設定します
grid-auto-flow	自動配置されたアイテムをグリッドに挿入する方法を制御します
grid-auto-rows	グリッドコンテナの行のサイズを設定します
grid-column	グリッドレイアウトでのグリッドアイテムのサイズと位置を指定します。これは、次のプロパティの省略形のプロパティです。grid-column-start、grid-column-end
grid-column-end	アイテムがまたがる列の数、またはアイテムが終了する列行を定義します
grid-column-gap	グリッドレイアウトの列間のギャップのサイズを定義します
grid-column-start	アイテムが開始する列行を定義します
grid-gap	グリッドレイアウトの行と列の間のギャップのサイズを定義し、次のプロパティの省略形のプロパティです。grid-row-gap、grid-column-gap
grid-row	グリッドレイアウトでのグリッドアイテムのサイズと位置を指定します。これは、次のプロパティの省略形のプロパティです。grid-row-start、grid-row-end
grid-row-end	アイテムがまたがる行数、またはアイテムが終了する行行を定義します
grid-row-gap	グリッドレイアウトの行間のギャップのサイズを定義します
grid-row-start	アイテムが開始する行行を定義します
grid-template	次のプロパティの省略形プロパティ：grid-template-rows、、grid-template-columnsgrid-template-areas
grid-template-areas	グリッドレイアウト内の領域を指定します
grid-template-columns	グリッドレイアウトの列の数（および幅）を指定します
grid-template-rows	グリッドレイアウトの行の数（および高さ）を指定します

最高のCSSグリッドジェネレーターのこの簡単な比較が、お気に入りのジェネレーターをブックマークするのに役立つことを願っています。

また、CSSグリッドを扱うときに重要なアドバイスを提供できる場合は、時間をかけてください。これらのジェネレーターは、必要なレイアウトを段階的に取得し、複雑なソリューションに依存することを回避するのに役立つため、優れたオプションです。

読んでくれてありがとう！  

ソース：https ：//blog.logrocket.com/comparing-best-css-grid-generators/

#css 

Comparing the best CSS grid generators

Grids, grids, grids. So many things we can do with them. But, so many properties we have to remember. 😅

If you are like me and you always have to resort to Google when using grids, the tricks we’ll cover in this guide will make your life as a developer much easier.

What are CSS grid generators?

A grid generator is a website you can use to generate a grid in a few clicks. But why should you care about them? In my case, I use them quite often when I want to design the layout of my websites or a complex responsive structure inside an interface. Grids are great because they help you achieve a lot with just a few CSS lines, which saves a lot of time.

In this article, we will compare the following CSS grid generators and list their pros and cons so that you can bookmark your favorite one:

• CSS Grid Generator
• CSS Layout Generator
• Grid LayoutIt
• Griddy
• Cssgr.id
• Angry Tools CSS Grid

Also, to save you time, I made a cheat sheet with the essential CSS grid properties you should remember. 🥳 This cheat sheet is available at the bottom of this article.

1. CSS Grid Generator

I put CSS Grid Generator first on my list because I use it the most. It is an open source project designed by Sarah Drasner (the code of the project is available here if you want to contribute).

To give you an example, I recently needed to generate a simple grid with two rows and three columns. I didn’t remember how to set a specific size for the row gap and the column gap. With CSS Grid Generator, I was able to easily create the structure I desired and move on to more complex tasks.

.parent {  display: grid;  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);  grid-template-rows: repeat(2, 1fr);  grid-column-gap: 60px;  grid-row-gap: 30px; }

The final grid looked like this:

Pros:

• The interface is user-friendly and the colors are well-chosen, making CSS Grid Generator an excellent tool for beginners who want to become more familiar with CSS grids
• CSS Grid Generator can help you get the result you want for most use cases because you can specify the number of columns, rows, and gaps across your grids
• Just hit one button to preview the code and copy it to your clipboard

Cons:

• There is no template you can choose to save you time
• You will not be able to generate complicated layouts

2. CSS Layout Generator

I could have put CSS Layout Generator first on the list. If you are looking to generate complicated grids all the time, this is probably the one you should bookmark. Developed by Braid Design System, CSS Layout Generator offers a wide range of options that will solve most headaches.

In my daily work, I use CSS Layout Generator templates a lot because they conveniently allow you to choose between a structure with a sidebar/container or a header/main/footer.

<section class="layout">
  <!-- The left sidebar where you can put your navigation items etc. -->
  <div class="sidebar">1</div>

  <!-- The main content of your website -->
  <div class="body">2</div>
</section>

<style>
.layout {
  width: 1366px;
  height: 768px;
  display: grid;
  /* This is the most important part where we define the size of our sidebar and body  */
  grid:
    "sidebar body" 1fr
    / auto 1fr;
  gap: 8px;
}

.sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
}

.body {
  grid-area: body;
}
</style>

The Sidebar option looks like this:

Pros:

• CSS Layout Generator allows you to choose between six standard templates to get started faster
• There are many options to solve nearly all use cases
• You can switch between grids and Flexbox, which is helpful to compare both options
• The interface is excellent and user-friendly

Cons:

• Because it offers so many options, CSS Layout Generator can be confusing for a beginner

3. Grid LayoutIt

Grid LayoutIt was developed by Leniolabs and is another grid generator that comes with many options. The code is available publicly on GitHub if you are interested in contributing.

Last week, a customer asked me to design an interface to display important metrics about his product (somewhat similar to Geckoboard). The layout he wanted was very precise but, thanks to LayoutIt, I generated the code in a few seconds.

<div class="container">
  <div class="metric-1"></div>
  <div class="metric-2"></div>
  <div class="metrics-3"></div>
  <div class="metric-4"></div>
  <div class="metric-5"></div>
  <div class="metric-6"></div>
</div>

<style>
.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px 20px;
  grid-auto-flow: row;
  grid-template-areas:
    "metric-1 metric-1 metric-2"
    "metrics-3 metric-4 metric-2"
    "metric-5 metric-5 metric-6";
}
.metric-1 {
  grid-area: metric-1;
}
.metric-2 {
  grid-area: metric-2;
}
.metrics-3 {
  grid-area: metrics-3;
}
.metric-4 {
  grid-area: metric-4;
}
.metric-5 {
  grid-area: metric-5;
}
.metric-6 {
  grid-area: metric-6;
}
</style>

The resulting layout looked like this:

Pros:

• Grid LayoutIt is intuitive to use and it provides many options
• You can set your columns and your rows using pixels (px), fractionals (fr), and percentages (%)
• Your layouts can be exported to CodePen, CodeSandbox, or StackBlitz in one click
• The interface is well-designed, with a proper contrast between the options and the grid preview
• Grid LayoutIt supports grid placement options

Cons:

• This generator does not provide templates to save you time, which is the main reason why I put it third on the list

4. Griddy

In my past experience, I spent a lot of time using Griddy. It is a little less easy to use than the CSS grid made by Sarah Drasner, but it offers more options.

For example, it allows you to easily generate a four column grid with three rows:

.container {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 300px 1fr 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: 2fr 100px 1fr;
  grid-column-gap: 10px
  grid-row-gap: 20px
  justify-items: stretch
  align-items: stretch
}

The resulting layout looks like this:

Pros:

• You can set your columns and your rows using pixels (px), fractionals (fr), and percentages (%)
• The provided options are enough to solve most use cases and test different alignments. In a nutshell, it gets the job done

Cons:

• It may be a question of taste, but the sidebar with the options is not the best interface for me. You have to scroll for a while to get what you are looking for
• There are no templates to choose from
• There is no minmax() function

5. Cssgr.id

Cssgr.id is another great choice if you are looking for a grid generator that does not have too many options but enough to solve most use cases.

I used Cssgr.id last year to create a gallery because I remembered that it had a gallery template. In a few clicks, I was able to get something quite close to what I needed.

<div class="grid">
  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 1</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 2</div>
  <div class="span-row-2">Item 3</div>
  <div class="span-row-3">Item 4</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 5</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 6</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 7</div>

  <!-- This item will take 3 columns and 2 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-3 span-row-2">Item 8</div>

  <!-- This item will take 2 columns and 3 rows -->
  <div class="span-col-2 span-row-2">Item 9</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 10</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 11</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 12</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 13</div>

  <!-- This item will take 1 column and 1 row -->
  <div>Item 14</div>
</div>

<style>
.grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
  grid-gap: 10px;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 columns */
.span-col-3 {
  grid-column: span 3 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 columns */
.span-col-2 {
  grid-column: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 2 rows */
.span-row-2 {
  grid-row: span 2 / auto;
}

/* Items with this class will take 3 rows */
.span-row-3 {
  grid-row: span 3 / auto;
}
</style>

The gallery looked like this:

Pros:

• Cssgr.id comes with five practical starter layouts to choose from (3×3, football formation, header/footer, gallery, and generic website)
• You can add placeholder text to see how it renders with some written content
• It has a well-designed interface that can be easily configured

Cons:

• It is not the grid generator with the most options

6. Angry Tools CSS Grid

Angry Tools CSS Grid is the last CSS grid generator on our list. It can be handy, though probably less user-friendly than the other tools highlighted in this guide.

Angry Tools CSS Grid is also useful when generating galleries. By clicking on the squares, you can define their sizes and their directions (horizontally or vertically).

<div class="angry-grid">
  <div id="item-0">Item 0</div>
  <div id="item-1">Item 1</div>
  <div id="item-2">Item 2</div>
  <div id="item-3">Item 3</div>
  <div id="item-4">Item 4</div>
  <div id="item-5">Item 5</div>
  <div id="item-6">Item 6</div>
  <div id="item-7">Item 7</div>
  <div id="item-8">Item 8</div>
  <div id="item-9">Item 9</div>
</div>

<style>
.angry-grid {
  display: grid;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 3 rows */
  grid-template-rows: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* Our grid will be displayed using 4 columns */
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  /* You can define a gap between your columns and your rows if you need to */
  gap: 0px;
  height: 100%;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 4 and end at row 2 and column 5 */
#item-0 {
  background-color: #8bf7ba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 3 and end at row 3 and column 5 */
#item-1 {
  background-color: #bf9aa7;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 5;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 2 and end at row 3 and column 3 */
#item-2 {
  background-color: #c7656e;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 2;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 1 and end at row 2 and column 3 */
#item-3 {
  background-color: #b659df;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 1 and end at row 4 and column 3 */
#item-4 {
  background-color: #be6b5e;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 3;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 4 and end at row 4 and column 6 */
#item-5 {
  background-color: #5bb9d7;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 4;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 5 and end at row 3 and column 6 */
#item-6 {
  background-color: #56adba;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 5;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 6;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 1 and column 3 and end at row 2 and column 4 */
#item-7 {
  background-color: #9cab58;
  grid-row-start: 1;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 2;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 3 and column 3 and end at row 4 and column 4 */
#item-8 {
  background-color: #8558ad;
  grid-row-start: 3;
  grid-column-start: 3;
  grid-row-end: 4;
  grid-column-end: 4;
}

/* This grid item will start at row 2 and column 1 and end at row 3 and column 2 */
#item-9 {
  background-color: #96b576;
  grid-row-start: 2;
  grid-column-start: 1;
  grid-row-end: 3;
  grid-column-end: 2;
}
</style>

The resulting gallery looks like this:

Pros:

• Angry Tools CSS Grid comes with some templates you can choose from

Cons:

• It does not have the best design overall. To be honest, it is quite ugly and can be hard to use
• I would not recommend this tool for beginners. Advanced developers should also probably choose either CSS Layout Generator or Grid LayoutIt instead
• You have to scroll to get the CSS outputs

BONUS: CSS grid cheat sheet

CSS grid generators are great when you are not familiar with CSS properties. But, as you become a more advanced developer, you may find that a quick cheat sheet is probably handier.

😇 If it can help you, here is the one I have made for myself:

gap	Sets the gap size between the rows and columns. It is a shorthand for the following properties: row-gap and column-gap
row-gap	Specifies the gap between the grid rows
column-gap	Specifies the gap between the columns
grid	A shorthand property for: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas, grid-auto-rows, grid-auto-columns, grid-auto-flow
grid-area	Specifies a grid item’s size and location in a grid layout and is a shorthand property for the following properties: grid-row-start, grid-column-start, grid-row-end, grid-column-end
grid-auto-columns	Sets the size for the columns in a grid container
grid-auto-flow	Controls how auto-placed items get inserted in the grid
grid-auto-rows	Sets the size for the rows in a grid container
grid-column	Specifies a grid item’s size and location in a grid layout and is a shorthand property for the following properties: grid-column-start, grid-column-end
grid-column-end	Defines how many columns an item will span or on which column-line the item will end
grid-column-gap	Defines the size of the gap between the columns in a grid layout
grid-column-start	Defines on which column-line the item will start
grid-gap	Defines the size of the gap between the rows and columns in a grid layout and is a shorthand property for the following properties: grid-row-gap, grid-column-gap
grid-row	Specifies a grid item’s size and location in a grid layout and is a shorthand property for the following properties: grid-row-start, grid-row-end
grid-row-end	Defines how many rows an item will span or on which row-line the item will end
grid-row-gap	Defines the size of the gap between the rows in a grid layout
grid-row-start	Defines on which row-line the item will start
grid-template	A shorthand property for the following properties: grid-template-rows, grid-template-columns, grid-template-areas
grid-template-areas	Specifies areas within the grid layout
grid-template-columns	Specifies the number (and the widths) of columns in a grid layout
grid-template-rows	Specifies the number (and the heights) of the rows in a grid layout

I hope this quick comparison of the best CSS grid generators helped you bookmark your favorite one.

Also, if I can give you a critical piece of advice when dealing with CSS grids: take your time. These generators are a great option because they can help you get the layouts you need step by step and avoid relying on a complicated solution.

Thank you for reading!  

Source: https://blog.logrocket.com/comparing-best-css-grid-generators/

#css 

JavaScript, SCSS Helpers for Rendering High-resolution Image Variants

retina.js

JavaScript, Sass, Less, and Stylus helpers for rendering high-resolution image variants

retina.js makes it easy to serve high-resolution images to devices with displays that support them. You can prepare images for as many levels of pixel density as you want and let retina.js dynamically serve the right image to the user.

How it works

There are 4 ways to use retina.js:

1. Automatically swapping out src paths on img tags.
2. Automatically swapping out background image URLs in inline styles.
3. Manually specifying the location of a high-res image variant (works for src attributes and inline styles).
4. Automatically creating media queries for CSS background images.

Img Tags

retina.js assumes you are using Apple's prescribed high-resolution modifiers (@2x, @3x, etc) to denote high-res image variants on your server. It also assumes that if you have prepared a variant for a given high-res environment, that you have also prepared variants for each environment below it. For example, if you have prepared 3x variants, retina.js will assume that you have also prepared 2x variants.

With this in mind, you'll specify your highest environment level with the data-rjs attribute and let retina.js take it from there.

Let's say you have an image on your page that looks like this:

<img src="/images/my_image.png" data-rjs="3" />

In this case, we've set our resolution cap at "3", denoting that we've prepared 3x and 2x image variants. When the page loads, retina.js will check the actual resolution of the device environment to decide whether it should really serve up a 3x image. If the user happens to be in a 2x environment, retina.js will serve up the 2x image instead, assuming it will find the image at /images/my_image@2x.png.

If the environment does have 3x capabilities, retina.js will serve up the 3x image. It will expect that url to be /images/my_image@3x.png. If the environment has the ability to display images at higher densities than 3x, retina.js will serve up the image of the highest resolution that you've provided, in this case 3x.

Inline Styles

Previous versions of retina.js were unable to target background images set via inline styles. Now, if you apply a data-rjs attribute to any kind of element other than an img, the script will target inline background images instead of src attributes.

So if you created an element like this:

<div style="background: url(/images/my_image.png)" data-rjs="3"></div>

retina.js would convert it to something like this:

<div style="background: url(/images/my_image@3x.png)" data-rjs="3"></div>

The logic behind image swapping is exactly the same when dealing with background images as it is when dealing with src attributes. If the user's environment only supports 2x variants, retina.js will load the 2x variant instead of the 3x.

Note that it is up to you in a case like this to correctly apply background sizing and any other necessary background-related styles to the element. retina.js will not affect these.

Manually Specifying a High-Res URL

In previous versions, you could tell the script where to find your high-res file by using the data-at2x attribute. Now, if you pass a URL to the data-rjs attribute, retina.js will use the image at the path you specify for all high-resolution environments instead of trying to dynamically serve an auto-suffixed image path based on the environment's capabilities. This will work for both src attributes on img tags and inline background images on all other tags.

For example, you might write something like this:

<img
  src="/images/my_image.png"
  data-rjs="/images/2x/my-image.png" />

<!-- or -->

<div
  style="background: url(/images/my_image.png)"
  data-rjs="/images/2x/my-image.png">
</div>

If the user then loads the page in any kind of high-resolution environment, they'll get the following:

<img
  src="/images/2x/my-image.png"
  data-rjs="/images/2x/my-image.png" />

<!-- or -->

<div
  style="background: url(/images/2x/my-image.png)"
  data-rjs="/images/2x/my-image.png">
</div>

Media Queries

retina.js comes with mixins for SCSS, Sass, Less, and Stylus. These mixins work similarly to the JavaScript version in that they will dynamically serve images for as many high-res environments as you've prepared image variants for. Previously, these mixins were named "at2x" but because they now serve images for multiple environments, they have been renamed "retina".

In each language, the retina mixin allows 4 parameters:

1. path - The path to your standard resolution image.
2. cap - Optional. The highest resolution level for which you have prepared images. Defaults to 2.
3. size- Optional. A value to be applied to the background-size property. Defaults to auto auto.
4. extras- Optional. Any other values to be added to the background property. Defaults to nothing.

Here is an example wherein we are specifying that we have prepared images for both 2x and 3x environments:

SCSS

#item {
  @include retina('/images/my_image.png', 3, cover, center center no-repeat);
}

Sass

#item
  +retina('/images/my_image.png', 3, cover, center center no-repeat)

Less

#item {
  .retina('/images/my_image.png', 3, cover, center center no-repeat);
}

Stylus

#item
  retina('/images/my_image.png', 3, cover, center center no-repeat)

Regardless of the dialect, the output is effectively the same:

#item {
  background: url("/images/my_image.png") center center no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
}

@media all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5),
       all and (-o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3 / 2),
       all and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5),
       all and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
  #item {
    background: url("/images/my_image@2x.png") center center no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
  }
}

@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 192dpi) {
  #item {
    background: url("/images/my_image@2x.png") center center no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
  }
}

@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3), (min-resolution: 288dpi) {
  #item {
    background: url("/images/my_image@3x.png") center center no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
  }
}

Compatibility

retina.js is compatible with all modern browsers and should not throw errors in old browsers all the way back through IE6.

Installing & Launching

JavaScript

There are 2 ways to use the JavaScript version of retina.js:

1. The old-school way (manually dropping the script into an html file).
2. The new-school way (importing it into a larger JavaScript build process).

Old-School

To use retina.js the old-school way, download retina.min.js and put it on your server. Then, include the script in your html file at the bottom of your template, before your closing </body> tag.

<script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/retina.min.js"></script>

Using this technique, retina.js will run automatically on page load. It will also create a globally available function called retinajs. Whenever you'd like to manually re-initialize the script, simply call window.retinajs().

If you don't pass any arguments to the retinajs function, it will only attempt to process images that have not previously been processed by the script. Optionally, you can pass a collection of HTML elements to the script, in which case it will only attempt to process elements in that collection, specifically the ones that have not been processed before. Your collection may take the form of an Array, NodeList, or jQuery selection.

retinajs();
// Finds all images not previously processed and processes them.

retinajs( [img, img, img] );
// Only attempts to process the images in the collection.

retinajs( $('img') );
// Same.

retinajs( document.querySelectorAll('img') );
// Same.

New-School

To use retina.js the new-school way, you'll want to require it (or import it if you're using ES6) into your Gulp/Webpack/Grunt/CommonJS/etc application. In this case, the script won't run automatically. Instead, it'll let you determine when you'd like it to run.

import retina from 'retina';

window.addEventListener('load', retina);

Notice that the retina function can be called as often as you need in order to re-initialize the image swapping.

If you don't pass any arguments to the retina function, it will only attempt to process images that have not previously been processed by the script. Optionally, you can pass a collection of HTML elements to the script, in which case it will only attempt to process elements in that collection, specifically the ones that have not been processed before. Your collection may take the form of an Array, NodeList, or jQuery selection.

retina();
// Finds all images not previously processed and processes them.

retina( [img, img, img] );
// Only attempts to process the images in the collection.

retina( $('img') );
// Same.

retina( document.querySelectorAll('img') );
// Same.

CSS Preprocessors

The process for including the CSS mixins is relatively straightforward. Here is a breakdown for each:

SCSS

Add the @mixin retina( ... ) mixin from _retina.scss to your SCSS stylesheet (or reference it in an @import). In your stylesheet, call the mixin using @include retina( ... ) anywhere instead of using background or background-image.

Sass

Add the =retina( ... ) mixin from _retina.sass to your Sass stylesheet (or reference it in an @import). In your stylesheet, call the mixin using +retina( ... ) anywhere instead of using background or background-image.

Less

Add the .retina( ... ) mixin from retina.less to your Less stylesheet (or reference it in an @import). In your stylesheet, call the mixin using .retina( ... ) anywhere instead of using background or background-image.

Stylus

Add the retina( ... ) mixin from retina.styl to your Stylus stylesheet (or reference it in an @import). In your stylesheet, call the mixin using retina( ... ) anywhere instead of using background or background-image.

Considerations for Ruby on Rails 3+

...or any framework that embeds some digest/hash to the asset URLs based on the contents, e.g. /images/image-{hash1}.jpg.

The problem with this is that the high-resolution version would have a different hash, and would not conform to the usual pattern, i.e. /images/image@2x-{hash2}.jpg. So automatic detection would fail because retina.js would check the existence of /images/image-{hash1}@2x.jpg.

There's no way for retina.js to know beforehand what the high-resolution image's hash would be without some sort of help from the server side. So in this case, there are a couple of options for handling it:

Bypass Digesting

One potential method is to bypass digesting altogether by implementing a process like team-umlaut's asset compile rake file which will generate non-digested asset files as necessary.

Use Manual Paths

Although it's not quite as fancy as dynamically serving up files based on the resolution of the user's environment, this may be a good time to pass a URL string to the data-rjs attribute so that you can manually tell retina.js exactly where to look for a high-resolution variant of your image.

Download Details:

Author: Strues
Source Code: https://github.com/strues/retinajs 
License: MIT license

#javascript #scss #sass #image 

Why use Python for Software Development

No programming language is pretty much as diverse as Python. It enables building cutting edge applications effortlessly. Developers are as yet investigating the full capability of end-to-end Python development services in various areas. 

By areas, we mean FinTech, HealthTech, InsureTech, Cybersecurity, and that's just the beginning. These are New Economy areas, and Python has the ability to serve every one of them. The vast majority of them require massive computational abilities. Python's code is dynamic and powerful - equipped for taking care of the heavy traffic and substantial algorithmic capacities. 

Programming advancement is multidimensional today. Endeavor programming requires an intelligent application with AI and ML capacities. Shopper based applications require information examination to convey a superior client experience. Netflix, Trello, and Amazon are genuine instances of such applications. Python assists with building them effortlessly. 

5 Reasons to Utilize Python for Programming Web Apps 

Python can do such numerous things that developers can't discover enough reasons to admire it. Python application development isn't restricted to web and enterprise applications. It is exceptionally adaptable and superb for a wide range of uses.

Robust frameworks 

Python is known for its tools and frameworks. There's a structure for everything. Django is helpful for building web applications, venture applications, logical applications, and mathematical processing. Flask is another web improvement framework with no conditions. 

Web2Py, CherryPy, and Falcon offer incredible capabilities to customize Python development services. A large portion of them are open-source frameworks that allow quick turn of events. 

Simple to read and compose 

Python has an improved sentence structure - one that is like the English language. New engineers for Python can undoubtedly understand where they stand in the development process. The simplicity of composing allows quick application building. 

The motivation behind building Python, as said by its maker Guido Van Rossum, was to empower even beginner engineers to comprehend the programming language. The simple coding likewise permits developers to roll out speedy improvements without getting confused by pointless subtleties. 

Utilized by the best 

Alright - Python isn't simply one more programming language. It should have something, which is the reason the business giants use it. Furthermore, that too for different purposes. Developers at Google use Python to assemble framework organization systems, parallel information pusher, code audit, testing and QA, and substantially more. Netflix utilizes Python web development services for its recommendation algorithm and media player. 

Massive community support 

Python has a steadily developing community that offers enormous help. From amateurs to specialists, there's everybody. There are a lot of instructional exercises, documentation, and guides accessible for Python web development solutions. 

Today, numerous universities start with Python, adding to the quantity of individuals in the community. Frequently, Python designers team up on various tasks and help each other with algorithmic, utilitarian, and application critical thinking. 

Progressive applications 

Python is the greatest supporter of data science, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence at any enterprise software development company. Its utilization cases in cutting edge applications are the most compelling motivation for its prosperity. Python is the second most well known tool after R for data analytics.

The simplicity of getting sorted out, overseeing, and visualizing information through unique libraries makes it ideal for data based applications. TensorFlow for neural networks and OpenCV for computer vision are two of Python's most well known use cases for Machine learning applications.

Summary

Thinking about the advances in programming and innovation, Python is a YES for an assorted scope of utilizations. Game development, web application development services, GUI advancement, ML and AI improvement, Enterprise and customer applications - every one of them uses Python to its full potential. 

The disadvantages of Python web improvement arrangements are regularly disregarded by developers and organizations because of the advantages it gives. They focus on quality over speed and performance over blunders. That is the reason it's a good idea to utilize Python for building the applications of the future.

#python development services #python development company #python app development #python development #python in web development #python software development