1651017780
Manticore is a symbolic execution tool for analysis of smart contracts and binaries.
Manticore can analyze the following types of programs:
Note: We recommend installing Manticore in a virtual environment to prevent conflicts with other projects or packages
Option 1: Installing from PyPI:
pip install manticore
Option 2: Installing from PyPI, with extra dependencies needed to execute native binaries:
pip install "manticore[native]"
Option 3: Installing a nightly development build:
pip install --pre "manticore[native]"
Option 4: Installing from the master
branch:
git clone https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore.git
cd manticore
pip install -e ".[native]"
Option 5: Install via Docker:
docker pull trailofbits/manticore
Once installed, the manticore
CLI tool and Python API will be available.
For a development installation, see our wiki.
Manticore has a command line interface which can perform a basic symbolic analysis of a binary or smart contract. Analysis results will be placed into a workspace directory beginning with mcore_
. For information about the workspace, see the wiki.
Manticore CLI automatically detects you are trying to test a contract if (for ex.) the contract has a .sol
or a .vy
extension. See a demo.
Click to expand:
$ manticore examples/evm/umd_example.sol
[9921] m.main:INFO: Registered plugins: DetectUninitializedMemory, DetectReentrancySimple, DetectExternalCallAndLeak, ...
[9921] m.e.manticore:INFO: Starting symbolic create contract
[9921] m.e.manticore:INFO: Starting symbolic transaction: 0
[9921] m.e.manticore:INFO: 4 alive states, 6 terminated states
[9921] m.e.manticore:INFO: Starting symbolic transaction: 1
[9921] m.e.manticore:INFO: 16 alive states, 22 terminated states
[13761] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 0 - STOP(3 txs)
[13754] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 1 - STOP(3 txs)
...
[13743] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 36 - THROW(3 txs)
[13740] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 37 - THROW(3 txs)
[9921] m.c.manticore:INFO: Results in ~/manticore/mcore_gsncmlgx
Manticore-verifier
An alternative CLI tool is provided that simplifys contract testing and allows writing properties methods in the same high-level language the contract uses. Checkout manticore-verifier documentation. See a demo
Click to expand:
$ manticore examples/linux/basic
[9507] m.n.manticore:INFO: Loading program examples/linux/basic
[9507] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 0 - Program finished with exit status: 0
[9507] m.c.manticore:INFO: Generated testcase No. 1 - Program finished with exit status: 0
[9507] m.c.manticore:INFO: Results in ~/manticore/mcore_7u7hgfay
[9507] m.n.manticore:INFO: Total time: 2.8029580116271973
Manticore provides a Python programming interface which can be used to implement powerful custom analyses.
For Ethereum smart contracts, the API can be used for detailed verification of arbitrary contract properties. Users can set the starting conditions, execute symbolic transactions, then review discovered states to ensure invariants for a contract hold.
Click to expand:
from manticore.ethereum import ManticoreEVM
contract_src="""
contract Adder {
function incremented(uint value) public returns (uint){
if (value == 1)
revert();
return value + 1;
}
}
"""
m = ManticoreEVM()
user_account = m.create_account(balance=10000000)
contract_account = m.solidity_create_contract(contract_src,
owner=user_account,
balance=0)
value = m.make_symbolic_value()
contract_account.incremented(value)
for state in m.ready_states:
print("can value be 1? {}".format(state.can_be_true(value == 1)))
print("can value be 200? {}".format(state.can_be_true(value == 200)))
It is also possible to use the API to create custom analysis tools for Linux binaries. Tailoring the initial state helps avoid state explosion problems that commonly occur when using the CLI.
Click to expand:
# example Manticore script
from manticore.native import Manticore
m = Manticore.linux('./example')
@m.hook(0x400ca0)
def hook(state):
cpu = state.cpu
print('eax', cpu.EAX)
print(cpu.read_int(cpu.ESP))
m.kill() # tell Manticore to stop
m.run()
Manticore can also evaluate WebAssembly functions over symbolic inputs for property validation or general analysis.
Click to expand:
from manticore.wasm import ManticoreWASM
m = ManticoreWASM("collatz.wasm")
def arg_gen(state):
# Generate a symbolic argument to pass to the collatz function.
# Possible values: 4, 6, 8
arg = state.new_symbolic_value(32, "collatz_arg")
state.constrain(arg > 3)
state.constrain(arg < 9)
state.constrain(arg % 2 == 0)
return [arg]
# Run the collatz function with the given argument generator.
m.collatz(arg_gen)
# Manually collect return values
# Prints 2, 3, 8
for idx, val_list in enumerate(m.collect_returns()):
print("State", idx, "::", val_list[0])
ulimit -s 100000
or by passing --ulimit stack=100000000:100000000
to docker run
solc
program in your $PATH
.crytic-compile
on your code directly to make it easier to identify any issues.Manticore relies on an external solver supporting smtlib2. Currently Z3, Yices and CVC4 are supported and can be selected via commandline or configuration settings. If Yices is available, Manticore will use it by default. If not, it will fall back to Z3 or CVC4. If you want to manually choose which solver to use, you can do so like this: manticore --smt.solver Z3
For more details go to https://cvc4.github.io/. Otherwise just get the binary and use it.
sudo wget -O /usr/bin/cvc4 https://github.com/CVC4/CVC4/releases/download/1.7/cvc4-1.7-x86_64-linux-opt
sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/cvc4
Yices is incredibly fast. More details here https://yices.csl.sri.com/
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:sri-csl/formal-methods
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install yices2
Feel free to stop by our #manticore slack channel in Empire Hacking for help using or extending Manticore.
Documentation is available in several places:
The wiki contains information about getting started with Manticore and contributing
The API reference has more thorough and in-depth documentation on our API
The examples directory has some small examples that showcase API features
The manticore-examples repository has some more involved examples, including some real CTF problems
If you'd like to file a bug report or feature request, please use our issues page.
For questions and clarifications, please visit the discussion page.
Download Details:
Author: trailofbits
Source Code: https://github.com/trailofbits/manticore
License: AGPL-3.0 License
#blockchain #solidity #ethereum #smartcontract #python
1639778400
PySQL is database framework for Python (v3.x) Language, Which is based on Python module mysql.connector, this module can help you to make your code more short and more easier. Before using this framework you must have knowledge about list, tuple, set, dictionary because all codes are designed using it. It's totally free and open source.
Before we said that this framework is based on mysql.connector so you have to install mysql.connector first on your system. Then you can import pysql and enjoy coding!
python -m pip install mysql-connector-python
After Install mysql.connector successfully create Python file download/install pysql on the same dir where you want to create program. You can clone is using git or npm command, and you can also downlaod manually from repository site.
Go to https://pypi.org/project/pysql-framework/ or use command
pip install pysql-framework
git clone https://github.com/rohit-chouhan/pysql
Go to https://www.npmjs.com/package/pysql or use command
$ npm i pysql
Install From Here https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=rohit-chouhan.pysql
Table of contents
To connect a database with localhost server or phpmyadmin, use connect method to establish your python with database server.
import pysql
db = pysql.connect(
"host",
"username",
"password"
)
Creating database in server, to use this method
import pysql
db = pysql.connect(
"host",
"username",
"password"
)
pysql.createDb(db,"demo")
#execute: CREATE DATABASE demo
To drop database use this method .
Syntex Code -
pysql.dropDb([connect_obj,"table_name"])
Example Code -
pysql.dropDb([db,"demo"])
#execute:DROP DATABASE demo
To connect a database with localhost server or phpmyadmin, use connect method to establish your python with database server.
import pysql
db = pysql.connect(
"host",
"username",
"password",
"database"
)
To create table in database use this method to pass column name as key and data type as value.
Syntex Code -
pysql.createTable([db,"table_name_to_create"],{
"column_name":"data_type",
"column_name":"data_type"
})
Example Code -
pysql.createTable([db,"details"],{
"id":"int(11) primary",
"name":"text",
"email":"varchar(50)",
"address":"varchar(500)"
})
2nd Example Code -
Use can use any Constraint with Data Value
pysql.createTable([db,"details"],{
"id":"int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY",
"name":"varchar(20) NOT NULL",
"email":"varchar(50)",
"address":"varchar(500)"
})
To drop table in database use this method .
Syntex Code -
pysql.dropTable([connect_obj,"table_name"])
Example Code -
pysql.dropTable([db,"users"])
#execute:DROP TABLE users
For Select data from table, you have to mention the connector object with table name. pass column names in set.
Syntex For All Data (*)
-
records = pysql.selectAll([db,"table_name"])
for x in records:
print(x)
Example - -
records = pysql.selectAll([db,"details"])
for x in records:
print(x)
#execute: SELECT * FROM details
Syntex For Specific Column
-
records = pysql.select([db,"table_name"],{"column","column"})
for x in records:
print(x)
Example - -
records = pysql.select([db,"details"],{"name","email"})
for x in records:
print(x)
#execute: SELECT name, email FROM details
Syntex Where and Where Not
-
#For Where Column=Data
records = pysql.selectWhere([db,"table_name"],{"column","column"},("column","data"))
#For Where Not Column=Data (use ! with column)
records = pysql.selectWhere([db,"table_name"],{"column","column"},("column!","data"))
for x in records:
print(x)
Example - -
records = pysql.selectWhere([db,"details"],{"name","email"},("county","india"))
for x in records:
print(x)
#execute: SELECT name, email FROM details WHERE country='india'
To add column in table, use this method to pass column name as key and data type as value. Note: you can only add one column only one call
Syntex Code -
pysql.addColumn([db,"table_name"],{
"column_name":"data_type"
})
Example Code -
pysql.addColumn([db,"details"],{
"email":"varchar(50)"
})
#execute: ALTER TABLE details ADD email varchar(50);
To modify data type of column table, use this method to pass column name as key and data type as value.
Syntex Code -
pysql.modifyColumn([db,"table_name"],{
"column_name":"new_data_type"
})
Example Code -
pysql.modifyColumn([db,"details"],{
"email":"text"
})
#execute: ALTER TABLE details MODIFY COLUMN email text;
Note: you can only add one column only one call
Syntex Code -
pysql.dropColumn([db,"table_name"],"column_name")
Example Code -
pysql.dropColumn([db,"details"],"name")
#execute: ALTER TABLE details DROP COLUMN name
To execute manual SQL Query to use this method.
Syntex Code -
pysql.query(connector_object,your_query)
Example Code -
pysql.query(db,"INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('Rohit')")
For Inserting data in database, you have to mention the connector object with table name, and data as sets.
Syntex -
data = {
"db_column":"Data for Insert",
"db_column":"Data for Insert"
}
pysql.insert([db,"table_name"],data)
Example Code -
data = {
"name":"Komal Sharma",
"contry":"India"
}
pysql.insert([db,"users"],data)
For Update data in database, you have to mention the connector object with table name, and data as tuple.
Syntex For Updating All Data
-
data = ("column","data to update")
pysql.updateAll([db,"users"],data)
Example - -
data = ("name","Rohit")
pysql.updateAll([db,"users"],data)
#execute: UPDATE users SET name='Rohit'
Syntex For Updating Data (Where and Where Not)
-
data = ("column","data to update")
#For Where Column=Data
where = ("column","data")
#For Where Not Column=Data (use ! with column)
where = ("column!","data")
pysql.update([db,"users"],data,where)
Example -
data = ("name","Rohit")
where = ("id",1)
pysql.update([db,"users"],data,where)
#execute: UPDATE users SET name='Rohit' WHERE id=1
For Delete data in database, you have to mention the connector object with table name.
Syntex For Delete All Data
-
pysql.deleteAll([db,"table_name"])
Example - -
pysql.deleteAll([db,"users"])
#execute: DELETE FROM users
Syntex For Deleting Data (Where and Where Not)
-
where = ("column","data")
pysql.delete([db,"table_name"],where)
Example -
#For Where Column=Data
where = ("id",1)
#For Where Not Column=Data (use ! with column)
where = ("id!",1)
pysql.delete([db,"users"],where)
#execute: DELETE FROM users WHERE id=1
[19/06/2021]
- ConnectSever() removed and merged to Connect()
- deleteAll() [Fixed]
- dropTable() [Added]
- dropDb() [Added]
[20/06/2021]
- Where Not Docs [Added]
The module is designed by Rohit Chouhan, contact us for any bug report, feature or business inquiry.
Author: rohit-chouhan
Source Code: https://github.com/rohit-chouhan/pysql
License: Apache-2.0 License
1610429951
Smart contracts is a digital code stored in a blockchain and automatically executes when predetermined terms and conditions are met. In Simple terms, they are programs that run by the setup of the people who developed them.They are designed to facilitate, verify, and execute a digital contract between two parties without the involvement of third parties.
Greater efficiency and speed
Accuracy and transparency
Trust
Robust Security
Independent verification
Advanced data safety
Distributed ledger
Ease of use
Open source technology
Better flexibility
Easy integration
Improved tractability
Today Smart contracts are used in various platforms such as supply-chain management,cross-border financial transactions,document management,enforceability and more. Here are the Sectors where smart contracts plays a huge role ,
There are a few Important things that you need to consider before you develop a Smart Contract,
Ask Yourself -
I hope this blog was helpful. We think this is the right time for companies to invest in building a blockchain powered Smart Contracts as Blockchain technology and the ecosystem around it is changing fast. If you’re thinking about building a Smart Contract but not sure where to start, contact us, we’re happy to provide free suggestions about how blockchain’s Smart Contracts may fit into your business.
We Employcoder Leading IT Outsourcing Company with a team of Smart Contract Experts. Hire Smart Contract Developers from us who can code bug-free, scalable, innovative, fully-functional smart contracts for your business and make your business or enterprise eye-catchy & trutworthy among the people in the digital globe.
#hire smart contract developers #smart contract developer #smart contract development #smart contract development services, #smart contract development company, #smart contract programmers
1607516513
We (Codezeros) are Smart Contract Development Company in Washington. We provide the complete solution for smart contracts like smart contract architecture, design & development, auditing & optimization. We have experienced developers who are expert in developing smart contracts as well as DApp development, pitch deck development, and many other services related to Blockchain Technology.
#smart contract creation #smart contract company #blockchain smart contract #smart contract development #smart contract service provider #smart contract development company
1606811633
With the advent of smart contracts, it has become possible for every business to secure its data and to determine success. It is a decentralized solution that enables you to do many tasks while executing in the most optimal manner. All the entrepreneurs and business owners who have adopted this mechanism have received great results. In order to access this service for your company, you need to team up with a smart contract development company. By doing this, you enhance the power of your solution and make things very seamless.
A smart contract enables you to achieve various feats that seem unfathomable. Also, you get to protect the information of your enterprise in the best possible manner. When you have the power to expand your operation, you should be wise enough to choose the most appropriate solution. There are times when you have to think of something exemplary, it also gives you more about the perfection of the tools. At such a time, you need to have a proper understanding of the features and get things planned in a permanent fashion.
It does not matter which domain you are related to, you get to think about the possible solutions from every domain. Also, you get to manage various other tasks that seem very difficult otherwise. Before you introduce this ledger-based framework in your firm, you need to ready for the outcomes. Every time you come across a decentralized network, you start to pave way for something more dynamic. This gives you the power to react on time and with more efficacy for the long term. Also, you get to review the overall working with a set of proficient developers.
Whether you directly connect with the blockchain or not, your business draws a large number of benefits from the smart contracts. The very core of this solution enables you to create a fitting structure around every company. Also, you get to come with a prominent fix that empowers the proponents of your project. The vision of your investors gets broadened and you get the insights to envision things properly. Every time you do it, you get things worked up properly, you get to maintain a proper flux of funds. In this way, your business gets whatever you want in a very short duration.
By introducing this solution, you prepare your startup to scale up the steps of success. Also, it helps your business overcome all types of issues whether they are temporary in nature or permanent. You need to understand the predilection of every course of action so there is never any obstacle in the way. Moreover, it becomes very easy for your organization to spread its wings because it has befitting tools to support its working. This may also happen in with support structures that ease the expansion of business in a very lesser time.
In every industry, there is a scope of decentralization and you can make it even easier through a string of services. All the crypto-based programs help you get closer to the customers with a reliable method of payment. With this structure, it is possible for every business to do something exceptional. Whether you want it or not, you get to work on many expeditionary campaigns. Also, you help others expand the work and things can get more explicable flawlessly. The working of this solution gives you a high quantum of accuracy in every possible manner.
The prospects of your company can get much better and promising because you have a lesser number of agents deployed. You might find these differences odd, but they can highly impact the development as well as transactions. When you want to touch base with your team or some consultants, you get a better idea about the entire thing. Also, that happens without having you wasting your time. There could be subtle errors in the initial phases of the development of tokens or any other distributed ledger. If decentralization is at the core, you need to have more potential to conceptualize new methods.
You can certainly get such experts but the search has to be very thorough in nature. Also, the whole thing has to be planned to the hilt and things could be working seamlessly. When you get things working at an impressive pace, you might lack clear objects. Even if there is a projected solution for some problems, you must not employ them before proper rounds of review. This approach gives you satisfactory results in every domain and keeps you one step ahead when it comes to getting what you precisely need.
It is vital that you work with people who have an idea about what’s happening in your firm. By working with such people, you get more certainty in every step sans wasting a large quantum of resources or time. You might be able to find some other options but they all resort to decentralization in the end. The best way to implement this solution is to give more time to every single process through many methods. Also, you need to get things aligned with a proper solution and help the developers give shape to their visions.
With the experts of Coin Developer India, it is possible for every startup to get a bespoke smart contract. We make this solution so adaptable that you don’t think about making any changes in the existing structure of the business. Our seasoned professionals help you get over all the problems that you might face in the planning or the execution stage. We make every single task absolutely flawless and help you get familiar with pragmatic fixes that are cost-effective too. If you want to make the most of this blockchain-based service, you must work with us.
Want an efficient smart contract for your business? Associate with us!
Contact Details:
Call and Whatsapp : +91-7014607737
Email: cryptodeveloperjaipur@gmail.com
Telegram : @vipinshar
#smart contract development company #smart contract #mlm smart contract #mlm #smart contract development #hire smart contract developer
1595917383
Smart Contract MLM Software is a smart contract-based MLM platform, built on blockchain technology that helps you to build trustworthy blockchain MLM business with fully decentralized Ethereum SmartContract.The smart contract MLM has embedded with various working features of MLM Responsive Website, Member Back office, admin back office, secured cloud server, anti-DDOS protection, and SSL.
Benefits of Smart Contracts based MLM Platform
Having an idea to start MLM business with smart contract development??
Coinjoker offers high end MLM software along with fresh business models, highly responsive and attractive UI/UX, and targeted MLM leads. This Smart contract-based MLM software is integrated with latest lead generating features to generate your passive income.
Some of the Smart Contract MLM Clone Scripts,
Millionmoney is a networking program that is built on blockchain technology and ethereum cryptocurrency as p2p donation among members. Million Money occurs to be a pyramid scheme, that is you have to pay a fee to join the scheme, and then you have to refer other people to that scheme. The only possible way to make a positive return on your original joining fee is to convince enough people to join after you. You will receive a small portion of the fees from any members who you recruit, while the rest of your fees get passed to higher levels of the pyramid.
Forsage, found at forsage.io, is a MLM or multi-level marketing company that claims to have created the world’s first 100% decentralized Ethereum smart contract.Forsage ethereum smart contract "enables peer-to-peer (P2P) commission payments between its program participants.” Forsage is Ethereum Blockchain Matrix Project, this smart contract is supposed to offer any participants “the ability to directly engage in personal and business transactions.
Doubleway Multi-level marketing (MLM) is one of the most popular and easy way to make money online and other than the health and wellness niche, cryptocurrency seems to be one of the most-talked-about opportunities to start various mlm business in the wider globe space. Doubleway uses an MLM structured business model you can recruit new people to join doubleway through your affiliate link and build a downline team to earn commissions with the company.
Etrix is a First Smart Contract With Binary open MLM structure With Two Matrixes. It has Forced Matrix and Team Matrix. Both Team and Company Forced Matrixes are working simultaneously. Etrix is noted for the fastest and easiest way to earn ethereum for every 90 days. People are using this smart contract to give donations and receive donations in form of Ethereum.
XOXO Network is a decentralized, peer to peer global powerline networking system that runs on set protocols with no admin or official authority. This Ethereum smart contract-based system requires members to choose between different smart contract projects that could potentially yield profits. XOXO Network is nothing but a crypto-based cash gifting matrix cycler program. The Network uses Ethereum as the only method of payment that is member to member. Thus XOXO is the first-ever powerline network built on a smart contract, it protocols it’s unshakable and unstoppable to work and serve everyone equally.
You can launch the above mentioned smart contract-based MLM Clone scripts like Million Money, Forsage, Etrix, Doubleway, XOXO network within a week!!
Get Free Demo for Crypto MLM Clone Scripts>> https://www.cryptoexchangescript.com/contact-us
or contact through
Whatsapp ->> +91 9791703519
Skype->> live:support_60864
Telegram->> https://t.me/Coin_Joker
#smart contract based mlm clone #smart contract mlm clone script #smart contract based mlm clone script #smart contract mlm clone development #ethereum smart contract mlm clone script