WTF is Shamir's Secret Sharing Scheme And How Does It Preserve Your Privacy?

An introduction to this privacy-preserving cryptographic technique and how Keyless is using it to transform the way we share and store private data across the internet.

An introduction to this privacy-preserving cryptographic technique and how Keyless is using it to transform the way we share and store private data across the internet.

Shamir’s Secret Sharing scheme is an important cryptographic algorithm that allows private information— “secrets” — to be distributed securely amongst an untrusted network.

It is one of the cryptographic techniques that Keyless uses to ensure that personal data is kept safe and secure — whether that’s biometric data, private keys or any other personal information that should not be made public.

To understand Shamir’s Secret Sharing, first, it’s important to understand what secret sharing aims to achieve.

What is secret sharing?

In cryptography, secret sharing is a way to securely distribute fragments of important private information amongst a distributed network or group, making such schemes particularly useful for safeguarding highly sensitive information like private cryptographic keys or biometric data.

Secret sharing works by splitting private information into smaller pieces — or shares — and then distributing those shares amongst a group or network.

Each individual share is useless on its own but when all the shares are together, they reconstruct an original secret.

Imagine that you had one million dollars that you kept in a bank account, and in order to access this bank account you used to the password: secret.

You could split it up and distribute a letter each to six trusted shareholders.

s_____, e____, c_, _r, ____e, _____t

The only information that each shareholder would have is the letter that they hold, essentially making their individual shares useless.

Secret sharing schemes can also be hierarchical depending on how the shares are distributed. This allows the secret owner to distribute shares based on how much the shareholders are trusted.

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