Cryptage-Décryptage en Python Django

Parfois, nous devons crypter des informations critiques dans notre application Django. Par exemple, le client peut vous demander de stocker les informations de l'utilisateur dans un format crypté pour plus de sécurité. Ou vous devrez peut-être transmettre certaines données dans une URL au format crypté.

Ici, nous allons voir comment crypter et décrypter les informations dans Django .

Une fois que vous avez terminé la configuration initiale du projet et ajouté la première application, créez un nouveau répertoire ou ajoutez un nouveau package python avec le nom utilitaire dans votre application.

Créez le fichier init _.py dans le répertoire de l'utilitaire. Ajoutez un nouveau fichier, nommez-le cryptage_util.py dans le répertoire de l'utilitaire.

Chiffrement:

Ajoutez une nouvelle fonction pour crypter le contenu fourni. Utilisez le code ci-dessous. Chaque ligne est expliquée par le commentaire qui l'accompagne.

def encrypt(txt):
    try:
        # convert integer etc to string first
        txt = str(txt)
        # get the key from settings
        cipher_suite = Fernet(settings.ENCRYPT_KEY) # key should be byte
        # #input should be byte, so convert the text to byte
        encrypted_text = cipher_suite.encrypt(txt.encode('ascii'))
        # encode to urlsafe base64 format
        encrypted_text = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(encrypted_text).decode("ascii") 
        return encrypted_text
    except Exception as e:
        # log the error if any
        logging.getLogger("error_logger").error(traceback.format_exc())
        return None

Veuillez noter que :

ENCRYPT_KEY doit être conservé en lieu sûr. Gardez-le dans un settings_production.pyfichier et ne le commitez pas dans git.

Nous convertissons également la chaîne encodée au format urlsafe base64 car nous pourrions avoir besoin de transmettre les données encodées à l'URL.

S'il y a une erreur, enregistrez-la et renvoyez null.

Décryptage :

Pour décrypter n'importe quel texte crypté, nous allons simplement inverser le processus.

def decrypt(string):
    try:
        # base64 decode
        txt = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(txt)
        cipher_suite = Fernet(settings.ENCRYPT_KEY)
        decoded_text = cipher_suite.decrypt(txt).decode("ascii")     
        return decoded_text
    except Exception as e:
        # log the error
        logging.getLogger("error_logger").error(traceback.format_exc())
        return None

Dépendances :

Vous devez installer le module python ci-dessous.- cryptographie

Clé:

Vous devez générer le ENCRYPT_KEY en utilisant le processus ci-dessous.

Ouvrez le terminal dans votre environnement virtuel où le module python de cryptographie est installé.

Importer Fernet.

from cryptography.fernet import Fernet

• Générer la clé.

Fernet.generate_key()

• Conservez la clé dans le fichier de paramètres.

ENCRYPT_KEY = b'iDJpljxUBBsacCZ50GpSBff6Xem0R-giqXXnBFGJ2Rs='

Usage:

Dans le package utilitaire que nous avons créé à la première étape, nous avons créé le fichier init .py. Ajoutez la déclaration ci-dessous dans ce fichier.

from .encryption_util import *

Utilisez maintenant les méthodes de cryptage et de décryptage dans vos vues.

encryption_util.encrypt(username)

Code complet :

Le code complet pour cryptage_util.py est ci-dessous.

from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
import base64
import logging
import traceback
from django.conf import settings

#this is your "password/ENCRYPT_KEY". keep it in settings.py file
#key = Fernet.generate_key() 

def encrypt(txt):
    try:
        # convert integer etc to string first
        txt = str(txt)
        # get the key from settings
        cipher_suite = Fernet(settings.ENCRYPT_KEY) # key should be byte
        # #input should be byte, so convert the text to byte
        encrypted_text = cipher_suite.encrypt(txt.encode('ascii'))
        # encode to urlsafe base64 format
        encrypted_text = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(encrypted_text).decode("ascii") 
        return encrypted_text
    except Exception as e:
        # log the error if any
        logging.getLogger("error_logger").error(traceback.format_exc())
        return None


def decrypt(txt):
    try:
        # base64 decode
        txt = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(txt)
        cipher_suite = Fernet(settings.ENCRYPT_KEY)
        decoded_text = cipher_suite.decrypt(txt).decode("ascii")     
        return decoded_text
    except Exception as e:
        # log the error
        logging.getLogger("error_logger").error(traceback.format_exc())
        return None

 

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