Creating Interactive Views in Django

Aside from walking through painful “hello world” tutorials or setting project configurations, there isn’t anything more fundamental about web frameworks than creating views. We’ve already tackled the uninspiring ordeal of setting up a Django project in our last post, which allows us to turn our full attention to the most fundamental component of web frameworks.

Earlier MVC frameworks (like Django) championed the enforcement of separation of concerns to mainstream web development. The concept of encapsulating logic into single-purpose modules was hardly a new one in computer science at the time. Still, most employed web developers weren’t exactly computer scientists in the early 2000s. Unless you happened to be building impactful software, most companies were fine doing horrible things with PHP, Drupal, Wordpress, or whichever awful LAMP stack variation happened to be your thing at the time.

What We Need to Know About Django Views

Whether you’re a veteran of MVC frameworks or a Django newcomer, the concept of views in a web framework seems straightforward. In essence, views are chunks of logic that accept incoming requests to a URL in your app and outputs the proper response. We begin by dissecting views into their most straightforward pattern:

1. Parse an HTTP request form a user attempting to reach a page.
2. Output the response based on the request.

Normally that’d be the crux of it, but Django isn’t your “average” framework… it’s The Grandaddy of all Frameworks. Django has been around long enough to have seen or dealt with every software design challenge as they pertain to web frameworks. Avoiding tedious patterns is undoubtedly desirable, but this may come at the cost of complexity to new users. See, Django actually has three “types” of views:

• Function-based views: Defining views as Python functions is standard practice for most developers, as it’s generally quicker to write simplistic views as functions. There’s nothing class-based views can achieve that Function-based views cannot; the difference comes down to shortcuts/mixins available to class-based views.
• Class-based views: While they may appear bulkier than their function-based counterparts at first glance, class-based views typically save time over the long run for several reasons. The most advantages of class-based Django views are their ability to dodge repetitive boilerplate code via the use of Mixins, which automatically handle common yet time-consuming view patterns, such as views that handle forms, redirects, etc. Just like regular Python classes, class-based views can also extend one another to share common logic between views.
• Model-driven class-based views: I’m not sure if there’s an official name for these, but “model-driven class-based views” are class-based views that specifically deal with models. These are views which are coupled with data models to produce views that list or mutate records associated with Django data models.

#django #python #web-development

What is GEEK

Buddha Community

PyTumblr: A Python Tumblr API v2 Client

PyTumblr

Installation

Install via pip:

$ pip install pytumblr

Install from source:

$ git clone https://github.com/tumblr/pytumblr.git
$ cd pytumblr
$ python setup.py install

Usage

Create a client

A pytumblr.TumblrRestClient is the object you'll make all of your calls to the Tumblr API through. Creating one is this easy:

client = pytumblr.TumblrRestClient(
    '<consumer_key>',
    '<consumer_secret>',
    '<oauth_token>',
    '<oauth_secret>',
)

client.info() # Grabs the current user information

Two easy ways to get your credentials to are:

1. The built-in interactive_console.py tool (if you already have a consumer key & secret)
2. The Tumblr API console at https://api.tumblr.com/console
3. Get sample login code at https://api.tumblr.com/console/calls/user/info

Supported Methods

User Methods

client.info() # get information about the authenticating user
client.dashboard() # get the dashboard for the authenticating user
client.likes() # get the likes for the authenticating user
client.following() # get the blogs followed by the authenticating user

client.follow('codingjester.tumblr.com') # follow a blog
client.unfollow('codingjester.tumblr.com') # unfollow a blog

client.like(id, reblogkey) # like a post
client.unlike(id, reblogkey) # unlike a post

Blog Methods

client.blog_info(blogName) # get information about a blog
client.posts(blogName, **params) # get posts for a blog
client.avatar(blogName) # get the avatar for a blog
client.blog_likes(blogName) # get the likes on a blog
client.followers(blogName) # get the followers of a blog
client.blog_following(blogName) # get the publicly exposed blogs that [blogName] follows
client.queue(blogName) # get the queue for a given blog
client.submission(blogName) # get the submissions for a given blog

Post Methods

Creating posts

PyTumblr lets you create all of the various types that Tumblr supports. When using these types there are a few defaults that are able to be used with any post type.

The default supported types are described below.

• state - a string, the state of the post. Supported types are published, draft, queue, private
• tags - a list, a list of strings that you want tagged on the post. eg: ["testing", "magic", "1"]
• tweet - a string, the string of the customized tweet you want. eg: "Man I love my mega awesome post!"
• date - a string, the customized GMT that you want
• format - a string, the format that your post is in. Support types are html or markdown
• slug - a string, the slug for the url of the post you want

We'll show examples throughout of these default examples while showcasing all the specific post types.

Creating a photo post

Creating a photo post supports a bunch of different options plus the described default options * caption - a string, the user supplied caption * link - a string, the "click-through" url for the photo * source - a string, the url for the photo you want to use (use this or the data parameter) * data - a list or string, a list of filepaths or a single file path for multipart file upload

#Creates a photo post using a source URL
client.create_photo(blogName, state="published", tags=["testing", "ok"],
                    source="https://68.media.tumblr.com/b965fbb2e501610a29d80ffb6fb3e1ad/tumblr_n55vdeTse11rn1906o1_500.jpg")

#Creates a photo post using a local filepath
client.create_photo(blogName, state="queue", tags=["testing", "ok"],
                    tweet="Woah this is an incredible sweet post [URL]",
                    data="/Users/johnb/path/to/my/image.jpg")

#Creates a photoset post using several local filepaths
client.create_photo(blogName, state="draft", tags=["jb is cool"], format="markdown",
                    data=["/Users/johnb/path/to/my/image.jpg", "/Users/johnb/Pictures/kittens.jpg"],
                    caption="## Mega sweet kittens")

Creating a text post

Creating a text post supports the same options as default and just a two other parameters * title - a string, the optional title for the post. Supports markdown or html * body - a string, the body of the of the post. Supports markdown or html

#Creating a text post
client.create_text(blogName, state="published", slug="testing-text-posts", title="Testing", body="testing1 2 3 4")

Creating a quote post

Creating a quote post supports the same options as default and two other parameter * quote - a string, the full text of the qote. Supports markdown or html * source - a string, the cited source. HTML supported

#Creating a quote post
client.create_quote(blogName, state="queue", quote="I am the Walrus", source="Ringo")

Creating a link post

• title - a string, the title of post that you want. Supports HTML entities.
• url - a string, the url that you want to create a link post for.
• description - a string, the desciption of the link that you have

#Create a link post
client.create_link(blogName, title="I like to search things, you should too.", url="https://duckduckgo.com",
                   description="Search is pretty cool when a duck does it.")

Creating a chat post

Creating a chat post supports the same options as default and two other parameters * title - a string, the title of the chat post * conversation - a string, the text of the conversation/chat, with diablog labels (no html)

#Create a chat post
chat = """John: Testing can be fun!
Renee: Testing is tedious and so are you.
John: Aw.
"""
client.create_chat(blogName, title="Renee just doesn't understand.", conversation=chat, tags=["renee", "testing"])

Creating an audio post

Creating an audio post allows for all default options and a has 3 other parameters. The only thing to keep in mind while dealing with audio posts is to make sure that you use the external_url parameter or data. You cannot use both at the same time. * caption - a string, the caption for your post * external_url - a string, the url of the site that hosts the audio file * data - a string, the filepath of the audio file you want to upload to Tumblr

#Creating an audio file
client.create_audio(blogName, caption="Rock out.", data="/Users/johnb/Music/my/new/sweet/album.mp3")

#lets use soundcloud!
client.create_audio(blogName, caption="Mega rock out.", external_url="https://soundcloud.com/skrillex/sets/recess")

Creating a video post

Creating a video post allows for all default options and has three other options. Like the other post types, it has some restrictions. You cannot use the embed and data parameters at the same time. * caption - a string, the caption for your post * embed - a string, the HTML embed code for the video * data - a string, the path of the file you want to upload

#Creating an upload from YouTube
client.create_video(blogName, caption="Jon Snow. Mega ridiculous sword.",
                    embed="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40pUYLacrj4")

#Creating a video post from local file
client.create_video(blogName, caption="testing", data="/Users/johnb/testing/ok/blah.mov")

Editing a post

Updating a post requires you knowing what type a post you're updating. You'll be able to supply to the post any of the options given above for updates.

client.edit_post(blogName, id=post_id, type="text", title="Updated")
client.edit_post(blogName, id=post_id, type="photo", data="/Users/johnb/mega/awesome.jpg")

Reblogging a Post

Reblogging a post just requires knowing the post id and the reblog key, which is supplied in the JSON of any post object.

client.reblog(blogName, id=125356, reblog_key="reblog_key")

Deleting a post

Deleting just requires that you own the post and have the post id

client.delete_post(blogName, 123456) # Deletes your post :(

A note on tags: When passing tags, as params, please pass them as a list (not a comma-separated string):

client.create_text(blogName, tags=['hello', 'world'], ...)

Getting notes for a post

In order to get the notes for a post, you need to have the post id and the blog that it is on.

data = client.notes(blogName, id='123456')

The results include a timestamp you can use to make future calls.

data = client.notes(blogName, id='123456', before_timestamp=data["_links"]["next"]["query_params"]["before_timestamp"])

Tagged Methods

# get posts with a given tag
client.tagged(tag, **params)

Using the interactive console

This client comes with a nice interactive console to run you through the OAuth process, grab your tokens (and store them for future use).

You'll need pyyaml installed to run it, but then it's just:

$ python interactive-console.py

and away you go! Tokens are stored in ~/.tumblr and are also shared by other Tumblr API clients like the Ruby client.

Running tests

The tests (and coverage reports) are run with nose, like this:

python setup.py test

Author: tumblr
Source Code: https://github.com/tumblr/pytumblr
License: Apache-2.0 license

#python #api 

Django admin full Customization step by step

Welcome to my blog , hey everyone in this article you learn how to customize the Django app and view in the article you will know how to register  and unregister  models from the admin view how to add filtering how to add a custom input field, and a button that triggers an action on all objects and even how to change the look of your app and page using the Django suit package let’s get started.

Database

Custom Titles of Django Admin

Exclude in Django Admin

Fields in Django Admin

#django #create super user django #customize django admin dashboard #django admin #django admin custom field display #django admin customization #django admin full customization #django admin interface #django admin register all models #django customization

How model queries work in Django

How model queries work in Django

Welcome to my blog, hey everyone in this article we are going to be working with queries in Django so for any web app that you build your going to want to write a query so you can retrieve information from your database so in this article I’ll be showing you all the different ways that you can write queries and it should cover about 90% of the cases that you’ll have when you’re writing your code the other 10% depend on your specific use case you may have to get more complicated but for the most part what I cover in this article should be able to help you so let’s start with the model that I have I’ve already created it.

**Read More : **How to make Chatbot in Python.

Read More : Django Admin Full Customization step by step

let’s just get into this diagram that I made so in here:

Describe each parameter in Django querset

we’re making a simple query for the myModel table so we want to pull out all the information in the database so we have this variable which is gonna hold a return value and we have our myModel models so this is simply the myModel model name so whatever you named your model just make sure you specify that and we’re gonna access the objects attribute once we get that object’s attribute we can simply use the all method and this will return all the information in the database so we’re gonna start with all and then we will go into getting single items filtering that data and go to our command prompt.

Here and we’ll actually start making our queries from here to do this let’s just go ahead and run** Python manage.py shell** and I am in my project file so make sure you’re in there when you start and what this does is it gives us an interactive shell to actually start working with our data so this is a lot like the Python shell but because we did manage.py it allows us to do things a Django way and actually query our database now open up the command prompt and let’s go ahead and start making our first queries.

#django #django model queries #django orm #django queries #django query #model django query #model query #query with django

How to create a Django project and a Django application

To start off create a new folder for the Django project and move into it
Here I called django-quick-start the main folder that will hold the project. Pay attention, this is not the actual Django project, but just its “home”. Once inside the new folder create a Python virtual environment and activate it (note, these are two distinct commands)
Pay attention again: django_quick_start now is the actual Django project created inside the django-quick-start folder. The name of this home folder doesn’t matter, but Django projects cannot have dashes in the name. That’s the reason for these underscores in django_quick_start.
Pay also attention to the dot in django-admin startproject django_quick_start … With the dot we can avoid additional folder nesting.

#django #django application #create a django

Main Pros and Cons of Django As A Web Framework for Python Developers

Django depicts itself as “the web system for fussbudgets with cutoff times”. It was intended to help Python engineers take applications from idea to consummation as fast as could be expected under the circumstances.

It permits fast turn of events on the off chance that you need to make a CRUD application with batteries included. With Django, you won’t need to rehash an already solved problem. It just works and lets you center around your business rationale and making something clients can utilize.

Pros of Django

“Batteries included” theory

The standard behind batteries-included methods normal usefulness for building web applications accompanies the system, not as isolated libraries.

Django incorporates much usefulness you can use to deal with normal web advancement undertakings. Here are some significant level functionalities that Django gives you, which else you need to stay together if you somehow happened to utilize a small scale structure:

ORM

Database relocations

Client validation

Administrator board

Structures

Normalized structure

Django as a system proposes the right structure of an undertaking. That structure helps designers in making sense of how and where to execute any new component.

With a generally acknowledged venture structure that is like numerous tasks, it is a lot simpler to discover online good arrangements or approach the network for help. There are numerous energetic Python designers who will assist you with comprehending any issue you may experience.

Django applications

Django applications (or applications for short) permit designers to separate a task into numerous applications. An application is whatever is introduced by putting in settings.INSTALLED_APPS. This makes it simpler for engineers to add usefulness to the web application by coordinating outer Django applications into the venture.

There are many reusable modules and applications to accelerate your turn of events learn through Online Django Class and Check the Django website.

Secure of course

Django gives great security assurance out of the crate and incorporates avoidance components for basic assaults like SQL Injection (XSS) and Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF). You can discover more subtleties in the official security diagram control.

REST structure for building APIs

Django REST Framework, commonly condensed “DRF”, is a Python library for building APIs. It has secluded and adaptable engineering that functions admirably for both straightforward and complex web APIs.

DRF gives a lot of verification and authorization strategies out of the case. It is an adaptable, full-included library with measured and adjustable engineering. It accompanies nonexclusive classes for CRUD tasks and an implicit API program for testing API endpoints.

GraphQL structure for building APIs

Huge REST APIs regularly require a lot of solicitations to various endpoints to recover every single required datum. GraphQL it’s a question language that permits us to share related information in a lot simpler design. For a prologue to GraphQL and an outline of its ideas, if it’s not too much trouble allude to the authority GraphQL documentation.

Graphene-Django gives reflections that make it simple to add GraphQL usefulness to your Django venture. Ordinary Django models, structures, validation, consent arrangements, and different functionalities can be reused to manufacture GraphQL blueprint. It additionally gives an implicit API program for testing API endpoints.

Cons of Django

Django ORM

Django ORM, made before SQLAlchemy existed, is currently much sub-par compared to SQLAlchemy. It depends on the Active Record design which is more regrettable than the Unit of Work design embraced by SQLAlchemy. This implies, in Django, models can “spare” themselves and exchanges are off as a matter of course, they are a bit of hindsight. Peruse more in Why I kind of aversion Django.

Django advances course popularity increses day by day:

Django is huge and is viewed as strong bit of programming. This permits the network to create several reusable modules and applications yet has additionally restricted the speed of advancement of the Django. On head of that Django needs to keep up in reverse similarity, so it advances gradually.

Rundown - Should I use Django as a Python designer?

While Django ORM isn’t as adaptable as SQLAlchemy and the enormous environment of reusable modules and applications hinders structure advancement - plainly Django ought to be the best option web system for Python engineers.

Elective, light systems, similar to Flask, while offering a retreat from Django huge biological system and designs, in the long haul can require substantially more additional libraries and usefulness, in the end making many experienced Python engineers winding up wishing they’d began with Django.

Django undertaking’s security and network have become enormously over the previous decade since the system’s creation. Official documentation and instructional exercises are probably the best anyplace in programming advancement. With each delivery, Django keeps on including huge new usefulness.

#django online training #django online course #online django course #django course #django training #django certification course