How To Harden OpenSSH Client on Ubuntu 18.04

Introduction

Linux servers are often administered remotely using SSH by connecting to an OpenSSH server, which is the default SSH server software used within Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, FreeBSD, and most other Linux/BSD-based systems. Significant effort is put into securing the server-side aspect of SSH, as SSH acts as the entry into your server.

However, it is also important to consider security on the client-side, such as OpenSSH client.

OpenSSH client is the “client” side of SSH, also known as the ssh command. You can learn more about the SSH client-server model in SSH Essentials: Working with SSH Servers, Clients, and Keys.

When hardening SSH at the server side, the primary objective is to make it harder for malicious actors to access your server. However, hardening at the client side is very different, as instead you are working to defend and protect your SSH connection and client from various different threats, including:

• Attackers on the network, known as “person-in-the-middle” attacks.
• Compromised or malicious servers sending malformed data packets, nefarious control sequences, or large amounts of data to overload your client.
• Human error, such as mistyping server addresses or configuration values.

In this tutorial, you will harden your OpenSSH client in order to help ensure that outgoing SSH connections are as secure as possible.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you will need:

• A device that you use as an SSH client, for example:
• Your personal computer
• An SSH “jump host” or “bastion host”
• An Ubuntu 18.04 server set up by following the Initial Server Setup with Ubuntu 18.04, including a sudo non-root user
• An SSH server that you want to connect to, for example:
• A cloud server
• A public service such as GitHub or GitLab
• A third-party device that you are permitted to access

Once you have these ready, log in to your SSH client device as a non-root user to begin.

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How To Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04

Jenkins is an open-source automation server that helps to automate the repetitive tasks involved in the software development process, which includes building, testing, and deployments.

Jenkins was forked from the Oracle Hudson project and written in Java.

Here, we will see how to install Jenkins on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04.

Install Jenkins On Ubuntu 20.04

Install Java

Since Jenkins is written in Java, it requires Java 8 or Java 11 to run. Here, I will install the OpenJDK 11 for Jenkins installation.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y default-jre apt-transport-https wget

If you want to use the Oracle Java in place of OpenJDK, then use any one of the links to install it.

READ: How To Install Oracle Java on Ubuntu 20.04

READ: How To Install Oracle Java on Ubuntu 18.04

Verify the Java version after the installation.

java -version

Output:

openjdk version "11.0.8" 2020-07-14
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.8+10-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu120.04)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.8+10-post-Ubuntu-0ubuntu120.04, mixed mode, sharing)

Add Jenkins Repository

Jenkins provides an official repository for its packages. To use the Jenkins repository, first, we will need to add the Jenkins public key to the system.

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -

Then, add the Jenkins repository to your system.

echo "deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list

Install Jenkins

Install Jenkins package using the apt command.

sudo apt update

sudo apt install -y jenkins

The Jenkins service should now be up and running. You can check the status of the Jenkins service using the below command.

sudo systemctl status jenkins

#ubuntu #jenkins #ubuntu 18.04 #ubuntu 20.04

How to Secure phpMyAdmin Access with Apache on Ubuntu 18.04

How to secure PHPMyAdmin login access in ubuntu apache on aws. Here, we will show you a simple 2 solution to secure PHPMyAdmin login in ubuntu apache on aws web server.

The first solution is to change the PHPMyAdmin login URL. And the second solution is add an extra security layer for access PHPMyAdmin login url in ubuntu 18.04 apache 2 on aws. And prevent the attacks.

Because by default, phpmyadmin login url is located on http:///phpmyadmin. So, The main reason of change phpmyadmin login url in ubuntu apache aws server to prevent attackers attack.

How to Secure phpMyAdmin with Apache 2 on Ubuntu 18.04

Now, you can see the following two solutions to secure PHPMyAdmin login access in ubuntu apache 2 on aws server.

Solution 1 – Change PhpMyAdmin Login Page URL in Apache 2 Ubuntu

In ubuntu, default phpmyadmin login url can be located at apache configuration that name apache.conf.

So, you can use sudo nano /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf command to open apache.conf file:

sudo nano /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

Then, you can add the following line with your phpmyadmin url:

Alias /my-phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpmyadmin

Note that, you can replace my-phpmyadmin to your own word.

Now you need to restart apache 2 web server. So type the following command on your ssh terminal to restart apache service:

sudo service apache2 restart

Solution 2 – Secure PHPMyAdmin Access in ubuntu aws

Now, you can add extra security layer for access phpmyadmin login in ubuntu apache 2 on aws web server.

So, first of all, you need to create a password file with users using the htpasswd tool that comes with the Apache package. So open your ssh terminal and type the following command:

sudo htpasswd -c /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd

Note that, You can choose any username instance of myAdmin with above command.

After that, one prompt box appear with password and confirm password. So, you can add password and confirm password here.

New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user myAdmin

Now, you need to configure Apache 2 to password protect the phpMyAdmin directory and use the .htpasswd file.

So, open your ssh terminal and type the below command to open the phpmyadmin.conf file.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf

Then add the following lines in phpmyadmin.conf file and save it:

Options  +FollowSymLinks +Multiviews +Indexes  ## edit this line
DirectoryIndex index.php

AllowOverride None
AuthType basic
AuthName "Authentication Required"
AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd
Require valid-user

Finally, restart apache web server by using the following command:

sudo service apache2 restart

#aws #mysql #ubuntu #how to change and secure default phpmyadmin login url ubuntu #how to change phpmyadmin login url ubuntu 18.04 #how to secure phpmyadmin access #how to secure phpmyadmin access with apache on ubuntu 18.04

How To Install Nvidia Drivers On Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04 | ITzGeek

All Desktops and Laptops come with a graphics card for displaying images over a monitor. Graphics cards either come with a system board or attached to the system board via a PCI-E slot. Nvidia and AMD manufactured graphics cards are the most commonly used graphics cards in laptops or desktops.

Here, we will see how to install Nvidia drivers on Ubuntu 20.04/Ubuntu 18.04.

#ubuntu #nvidia #ubuntu 18.04 #ubuntu 20.04

Installing PHP 8.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 and Ubuntu 18.04

Add PHP Repository

• Update the repository cache.
• Install the below packages.
• Add the repository to your system.
• Update the repository index.

Install PHP
Install PHP 8.0 on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04
Install PHP 7.x on Ubuntu 20.04 / Ubuntu 18.04
Verify PHP Version
PHP Support for Web Server
Both Apache and Nginx do not support PHP language by default when the browser requests the PHP page. So, we need to install the PHP module package to support PHP.

#ubuntu #php 8.0 #ubuntu 20.04 #ubuntu 18.04

2 Ways to Upgrade Ubuntu 18.04/18.10 To Ubuntu 19.04 (GUI & Terminal)

This tutorial is going to you 2 ways to upgrade Ubuntu 18.04 and Ubuntu 18.10 to 19.04. The first method uses the graphical update manger and the second method uses command line. Usually you use the graphical update manager to upgrade Ubuntu desktop and use command line to upgrade Ubuntu server, but the command-line method works for desktops too.

#ubuntu #linux #ubuntu 19.04 #ubuntu desktop #ubuntu server