Angular 8 HttpClient & Http Tutorial – Build and Consume RESTful API

We'll learn to create and consume RESTful APIs in Angular 8 project. ... to Receive and Delete the Data in Angular 8 HttpClient Service; Update Data in Angular CRUD App ... Which stylesheet format would you like to use?

Angular 8 HttpClient & Http tutorial is going to be discussed in this blog today. We’ll learn to create and consume RESTful APIs in Angular 8 project. To manage the data on the remote server, we make GET, POST, PUT and Delete using HttpClient API. We are required to import and setup HttpClient service in Angular 8 project to consume REST APIs.

To work with HttpClient service in Angular, you need to import the HttpClientModule in app.module.ts file. Then inject HttpClient service in constructor method after that you can hit the remote server via HTTP’s POST, GET, PUT and DELETE methods.

HttpClient API service is used to make communication between front-end web apps with backend services. This communication is done over HTTP protocol. Angular 8 HttpClient service makes the communication with remote server very easy. It needs to be imported via @angular/common/http package.

Benefits of HttpClient Service

• Easy Testing
• Typed Request & Response Objects
• Request Interception
• Response Interception
• APIs Observable Support
• Easy Error Handling

What Does Angular.io say About HttpClient?

“HttpClient is available as an injectable class, with methods to perform HTTP requests. Each request method has multiple signatures, and the return type varies based on the signature that is called (mainly the values of observe and responseType).”

• request()
• delete()
• get()
• patch()
• post()
• put()
• head()
• jsonp()
• options()

01 – Getting Started

Setup Node JS

In the first step, We’ll set up the development environment in our system for setting up an Angular 8 project from scratch.

Follow this tutorial to set up Node JS in your system: How To Install Node JS?

Node JS will allow us to install the required packages for this Angular 8 HttpClient tutorial.

In the next step, we’ll be installing Angular CLI with the help of Node Package Manager (NPM).

npm install @angular/cli -g

By Digamber Rawat Last updated on July 26, 2019

Angular 8 HttpClient & Http tutorial is going to be discussed in this blog today. We’ll learn to create and consume RESTful APIs in Angular 8 project. To manage the data on the remote server, we make GET, POST, PUT and Delete using HttpClient API. We are required to import and setup HttpClient service in Angular 8 project to consume REST APIs.

To work with HttpClient service in Angular, you need to import the HttpClientModule in app.module.ts file. Then inject HttpClient service in constructor method after that you can hit the remote server via HTTP’s POST, GET, PUT and DELETE methods.

HttpClient API service is used to make communication between front-end web apps with backend services. This communication is done over HTTP protocol. Angular 8 HttpClient service makes the communication with remote server very easy. It needs to be imported via @angular/common/http package.

Benefits of HttpClient Service

• Easy Testing
• Typed Request & Response Objects
• Request Interception
• Response Interception
• APIs Observable Support
• Easy Error Handling

What Does Angular.io say About HttpClient?

“HttpClient is available as an injectable class, with methods to perform HTTP requests. Each request method has multiple signatures, and the return type varies based on the signature that is called (mainly the values of observe and responseType).”

• request()
• delete()
• get()
• patch()
• post()
• put()
• head()
• jsonp()
• options()

Table of Contents

1. Getting Started
2. Installation & Setup Angular 8 Project
3. Set up Fake JSON Backend Server in Angular 8 App
4. Import HttpClientModule in Angular 8
5. Create Angular 8 Service to Consume RESTful APIs
6. Make HTTP POST Request to Add the Data via HttpClient Service in Angular 8
7. Make HTTP (GET & DELETE) Requests to Receive and Delete the Data in Angular 8 HttpClient Service
8. Update Data in Angular CRUD App

01 – Getting Started

Setup Node JS

In the first step, We’ll set up the development environment in our system for setting up an Angular 8 project from scratch.

Follow this tutorial to set up Node JS in your system: How To Install Node JS?

Node JS will allow us to install the required packages for this Angular 8 HttpClient tutorial.

In the next step, we’ll be installing Angular CLI with the help of Node Package Manager (NPM).

npm install @angular/cli -g

2. Installation & Setup Angular 8 Project

To create front-end of our demo app we need to install Angular 8 app. Run the below command in your terminal.

ng new angular8-httpclient-tutorial
? Would you like to add Angular routing? Yes
? Which stylesheet format would you like to use? CSS

Once your project is downloaded, then get into the project folder.

cd angular8-httpclient-tutorial

We’ll also install Bootstrap 4 UI library in Angular 8 project using given below command.

npm install bootstrap

To use the Bootstrap 4 ui components go to angular.json file and replace the following code.

"styles": [

"src/styles.css",

"node_modules/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"

]

Create components in Angular 8 app to manage the data.

# ng g component components/add-issue

ng g component components/edit-issue
ng g component components/issue-list

Run the following command to start the app.

ng serve

We are going to create a fake backend server using json-server NPM module in our Angular 8 app. This module will allow us to communicate with the server we can send and receive the data locally.

Run the below command to set fake json-server globally.

sudo npm install -g json-server

In the root folder of your Angular 8 project, create a folder by the name of backend and also create a file by the name of database.json. This file will have our fake JSON data.

mkdir backend && cd backend && touch database.json

In next step go to your database.json file and add some fake data.

{

"bugtracking": [

{

"issue_name": "Table Improvement",

"issue_message": "Issue tracking is awesome because of collaboration",

"id": 1

},

{

"issue_name": "Tooltip Issue",

"issue_message": "Issue tracking is awesome because of collaboration",

"id": 2

}

]

}

Finally, we are done setting up a fake JSON server in our Angular 8 app, now run the command to start the fake JSON server.

json-server --watch backend/database.json

{^_^}/ hi!
Loading backend/database.json
Done
Resources
http://localhost:3000/bugtracking
Home
http://localhost:3000
Type s + enter at any time to create a snapshot of the database
Watching...

If you are getting this response in your terminal that means you are ready to send and receive data using HttpClient service in Angular 8.

Check out the below urls

Resources: http://localhost:3000/bugtracking

Home: http://localhost:3000

Angular 8 Front-end: http://localhost:4200

4. Import HttpClientModule in Angular 8

This service configures the dependency injector for HttpClient with supporting services for XSRF.

To make the HTTP request to communicate with the server, we first import the HttpClientModule service in our Angular 8 app.

Go to app.module.ts and paste the following code.

import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';

Include the HttpClientModule in @NgModule's imports array.

@NgModule({

imports: [

HttpClientModule

]

})

In the next step, we are going to create Angular 8 service file, this file will allow us to consume RESTful API. We’ll import HttpClient, HttpHeaders services to make the HTTP request work. We’ll create CRUD operations and also write some error handling logic in it.

Angular 8 Service CRUD Tasks:

• Create Bug
• Show Bug List
• Update Bug
• Delete Bug

But before we create the service file we need to create an interface class in which we’ll define the data type of our bug tracking demo app.

Create Bug class to define data type:

mkdir shared && cd shared

Create a bug.ts file and paste the following code.

export class Bug {

id: string;

issue_name: string;

issue_message: string;

}

Create BugService Class, run the below command:

ng g s shared/bug

Now, paste the below code in bug.service.ts file to create CRUD operation in our bug tracking app.

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

import { HttpClient, HttpHeaders } from '@angular/common/http';

import { Bug } from './bug';

import { Observable, throwError } from 'rxjs';

import { retry, catchError } from 'rxjs/operators';

@Injectable({

providedIn: 'root'

})
export class BugService {
// Base url

baseurl = 'http://localhost:3000';
constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }
// Http Headers

httpOptions = {

headers: new HttpHeaders({

'Content-Type': 'application/json'

})

}
// POST

CreateBug(data): Observable<Bug> {

return this.http.post<Bug>(this.baseurl + '/bugtracking/', JSON.stringify(data), this.httpOptions)

.pipe(

retry(1),

catchError(this.errorHandl)

)

}
// GET

GetIssue(id): Observable<Bug> {

return this.http.get<Bug>(this.baseurl + '/bugtracking/' + id)

.pipe(

retry(1),

catchError(this.errorHandl)

)

}
// GET

GetIssues(): Observable<Bug> {

return this.http.get<Bug>(this.baseurl + '/bugtracking/')

.pipe(

retry(1),

catchError(this.errorHandl)

)

}
// PUT

UpdateBug(id, data): Observable<Bug> {

return this.http.put<Bug>(this.baseurl + '/bugtracking/' + id, JSON.stringify(data), this.httpOptions)

.pipe(

retry(1),

catchError(this.errorHandl)

)

}
// DELETE

DeleteBug(id){

return this.http.delete<Bug>(this.baseurl + '/bugtracking/' + id, this.httpOptions)

.pipe(

retry(1),

catchError(this.errorHandl)

)

}
// Error handling

errorHandl(error) {

let errorMessage = '';

if(error.error instanceof ErrorEvent) {

// Get client-side error

errorMessage = error.error.message;

} else {

// Get server-side error

errorMessage = Error Code: ${error.status}\nMessage: ${error.message};

}

console.log(errorMessage);

return throwError(errorMessage);

}
}

Then go to app.module.ts file and import the Angular 8 service and inject into the providers array, like given below.

import { BugService } from 'shared/bug.service';

@NgModule({

declarations: [...],

imports: [...],

providers: [BugService],

bootstrap: [...]

})
export class AppModule { }

Let’s add the data in local server using HttpClient service in Angular 8. Go to components > add-issue.component.ts file and add the following code.

import { Component, OnInit, NgZone } from '@angular/core';

import { BugService } from '../../shared/bug.service';

import { FormBuilder, FormGroup } from '@angular/forms';

import { Router } from '@angular/router';

@Component({

selector: 'app-add-issue',

templateUrl: './add-issue.component.html',

styleUrls: ['./add-issue.component.css']

})
export class AddIssueComponent implements OnInit {

issueForm: FormGroup;

IssueArr: any = [];
ngOnInit() {

this.addIssue()

}
constructor(

public fb: FormBuilder,

private ngZone: NgZone,

private router: Router,

public bugService: BugService

){ }
addIssue() {

this.issueForm = this.fb.group({

issue_name: [''],

issue_message: ['']

})

}
submitForm() {

this.bugService.CreateBug(this.issueForm.value).subscribe(res => {

console.log('Issue added!')

this.ngZone.run(() => this.router.navigateByUrl('/issues-list'))

});

}
}

Go to components > add-issue.component.html file and add the following code.

<div class="container wrapper wrapper2">

<div class="row">

    &lt;!-- Form --&gt;
    &lt;div class="col-md-12"&gt;
        &lt;h3&gt;Add Issue&lt;/h3&gt;
        &lt;form [formGroup]="issueForm" (ngSubmit)="submitForm()" novalidate&gt;
            &lt;div class="form-group"&gt;
                &lt;label&gt;Issue&lt;/label&gt;
                &lt;input type="text" formControlName="issue_name" class="form-control" maxlength="20"&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div class="form-group"&gt;
                &lt;label&gt;Issue Details&lt;/label&gt;
                &lt;textarea class="form-control" formControlName="issue_message" rows="3" maxlength="50"&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"&gt;Submit&lt;/button&gt;
        &lt;/form&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;

</div>

Now, we can easily create an issue and save it to the local server using HttpClient and HttpHeaders Angular 8 services.

07 – Make HTTP (GET & DELETE) Requests to Receive and Delete the Data in Angular 8 HttpClient Service

In this part of the tutorial, we are going to learn how to receive and delete the data via HttpClient API in an Angular CRUD app. We’ll use the Bootstrap 4 table to show the data on the frontend.

Go to components > issue-list.component.ts file and paste the following code.

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';

import { BugService } from '../../shared/bug.service';

@Component({

selector: 'app-issue-list',

templateUrl: './issue-list.component.html',

styleUrls: ['./issue-list.component.css']

})

export class IssueListComponent implements OnInit {
IssuesList: any = [];
ngOnInit() {

this.loadEmployees();

}
constructor(

public bugService: BugService

){ }
// Issues list

loadEmployees() {

return this.bugService.GetIssues().subscribe((data: {}) => {

this.IssuesList = data;

})

}
// Delete issue
deleteIusse(data){
  var index = index = this.IssuesList.map(x => {return x.issue_name}).indexOf(data.issue_name);
   return this.bugService.DeleteBug(data.id).subscribe(res => {
    this.IssuesList.splice(index, 1)
     console.log('Issue deleted!')
   })
}

}

Go to components > issue-list.component.html file and paste the following code.

<div class="container wrapper">

<div class="row">

    &lt;!-- Issue table --&gt;
    &lt;div class="col-md-12"&gt;
        &lt;div class="inner"&gt;
            &lt;h3&gt;My Issues&lt;/h3&gt;
            &lt;table class="table table-bordered"&gt;
                &lt;thead&gt;
                    &lt;tr&gt;
                        &lt;th scope="col"&gt;#&lt;/th&gt;
                        &lt;th scope="col"&gt;Issue Name&lt;/th&gt;
                        &lt;th scope="col"&gt;Issue Details&lt;/th&gt;
                        &lt;th scope="col"&gt;Action&lt;/th&gt;
                    &lt;/tr&gt;
                &lt;/thead&gt;
                &lt;tbody&gt;
                    &lt;tr *ngFor="let issues of IssuesList"&gt;
                        &lt;th scope="row"&gt;{{issues.id}}&lt;/th&gt;
                        &lt;td&gt;{{issues.issue_name}}&lt;/td&gt;
                        &lt;td&gt;{{issues.issue_message}}&lt;/td&gt;
                        &lt;td&gt;
                            &lt;button type="button" class="btn btn-success btn-sm move-right" [routerLink]="['/edit-issue/', issues.id]"&gt;Edit&lt;/button&gt;
                            &lt;button type="button" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm" (click)="deleteIusse(issues)"&gt;Remove&lt;/button&gt;
                        &lt;/td&gt;
                    &lt;/tr&gt;
                &lt;/tbody&gt;
            &lt;/table&gt;
        &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;

</div>

08 – Update Data in Angular CRUD App

In this final part of this tutorial, we are going to learn how to make PUT Request via HttpClient Angular 8 service to update the data on the server.

Head over to the components > edit-issue.component.ts file and paste the following code.

import { Component, OnInit, NgZone } from '@angular/core';

import { BugService } from '../../shared/bug.service';

import { FormBuilder, FormGroup } from '@angular/forms';

import { Router, ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';

@Component({

selector: 'app-edit-issue',

templateUrl: './edit-issue.component.html',

styleUrls: ['./edit-issue.component.css']

})
export class EditIssueComponent implements OnInit {

IssuesList: any = [];

updateIssueForm: FormGroup;
ngOnInit() {

this.updateForm()

}
constructor(

private actRoute: ActivatedRoute,

public bugService: BugService,

public fb: FormBuilder,

private ngZone: NgZone,

private router: Router

) {

var id = this.actRoute.snapshot.paramMap.get('id');

this.bugService.GetIssue(id).subscribe((data) => {

this.updateIssueForm = this.fb.group({

issue_name: [data.issue_name],

issue_message: [data.issue_message]

})

})

}
updateForm(){

this.updateIssueForm = this.fb.group({

issue_name: [''],

issue_message: ['']

})

}
submitForm(){

var id = this.actRoute.snapshot.paramMap.get('id');

this.bugService.UpdateBug(id, this.updateIssueForm.value).subscribe(res => {

this.ngZone.run(() => this.router.navigateByUrl('/issues-list'))

})

}
}

Head over to the components > edit-issue.component.html file and paste the following code.

<div class="container wrapper wrapper2">

<div class="row">

    &lt;!-- Form --&gt;
    &lt;div class="col-md-12"&gt;
        &lt;h3&gt;Add Issue&lt;/h3&gt;
        &lt;form [formGroup]="updateIssueForm" (ngSubmit)="submitForm()" novalidate&gt;
            &lt;div class="form-group"&gt;
                &lt;label&gt;Issue&lt;/label&gt;
                &lt;input type="text" formControlName="issue_name" class="form-control" maxlength="20"&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;div class="form-group"&gt;
                &lt;label&gt;Issue Details&lt;/label&gt;
                &lt;textarea class="form-control" formControlName="issue_message" rows="3" maxlength="50"&gt;&lt;/textarea&gt;
            &lt;/div&gt;
            &lt;button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"&gt;Update&lt;/button&gt;
        &lt;/form&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;

&lt;/div&gt;

</div>

Finally, we’ve completed the Angular 8 HttpClient & Http Tutorial. In this tutorial, we’ve learned how to make HTTP POST, GET, DELETE & PUT request to manage the data on the server along with some basic error handling. If you like this tutorial please share it with others. You can found GitHub repo here.

This post was originally published here

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A simple example of how to implement server-side pagination in Angular 8 with a Node.js backend API.

This is a simple example of how to implement server-side pagination in Angular 8 with a Node.js backend API.

The example contains a hard coded array of 150 objects split into 30 pages (5 items per page) to demonstrate how the pagination logic works. Styling of the example is done with Bootstap 4.

The tutorial code is available on GitHub at https://github.com/cornflourblue/angular-8-node-server-side-pagination.

Here it is in action (may take a few seconds for the container to startup):

1. Install NodeJS and NPM from https://nodejs.org/en/download/.
2. Download or clone the tutorial project source code from https://github.com/cornflourblue/angular-8-node-server-side-pagination.
3. Install required npm packages of the backend Node API by running the npm install command in the /server folder.
4. Start the backend Node API by running npm start in the /server folder, this will start the API on the URL http://localhost:4000.
5. Install required npm packages of the frontend Angular app by running the npm install command in the /client folder.
6. Start the Angular frontend app by running npm start in the /client folder, this will build the app with webpack and automatically launch it in a browser on the URL http://localhost:8080.

Below is the code for the paged items route (/api/items) in the node server file (/server/server.js) in the example, it creates a hardcoded list of 150 items to be paged, in a real application you would replace this with real data (e.g. from a database). The route accepts an optional page parameter in the url query string, if the parameter isn't set it defaults to the first page.

The paginate() function is from the jw-paginate package and accepts the following parameters:

• totalItems (required) - the total number of items to be paged
• currentPage (optional) - the current active page, defaults to the first page
• pageSize (optional) - the number of items per page, defaults to 10
• maxPages (optional) - the maximum number of page navigation links to display, defaults to 10

The output of the paginate function is a pager object containing all the information needed to get the current pageOfItems out of the items array, and to display the pagination controls in the Angular frontend, including:

• startIndex - the index of the first item of the current page (e.g. 0)
• endIndex - the index of the last item of the current page (e.g. 9)
• pages - the array of page numbers to display (e.g. [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 ])
• currentPage - the current active page (e.g. 1)
• totalPages - the total number of pages (e.g. 30)

I've set the pageSize to 5 in the CodeSandbox example above so the pagination links aren't hidden below the terminal console when the container starts up. In the code on GitHub I didn't set the page size so the default 10 items are displayed per page in that version.

The current pageOfItems is extracted from the items array using the startIndex and endIndex from the pager object. The route then returns the pager object and current page of items in a JSON response.

// paged items route
app.get('/api/items', (req, res, next) => {
    // example array of 150 items to be paged
    const items = [...Array(150).keys()].map(i => ({ id: (i + 1), name: 'Item ' + (i + 1) }));

    // get page from query params or default to first page
    const page = parseInt(req.query.page) || 1;

    // get pager object for specified page
    const pageSize = 5;
    const pager = paginate(items.length, page, pageSize);

    // get page of items from items array
    const pageOfItems = items.slice(pager.startIndex, pager.endIndex + 1);

    // return pager object and current page of items
    return res.json({ pager, pageOfItems });
});

Since the pagination logic is handled on the server, the only thing the Angular client needs to do is fetch the pager information and current page of items from the backend, and display them to the user.

Angular Home Component

Below is the Angular home component (/client/src/app/home/home.component.ts) from the example. The loadPage() method fetches the pager object and pageOfItems for the specified page from the backend API with an HTTP request, and the ngOnInit() gets the page parameter in the route query params or defaults to the first page if the query param is empty.

By subscribing to the route.queryParams observable, the home component is notified whenever the page changes so it can load the new page.

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';

@Component({ templateUrl: 'home.component.html' })
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit {
    pager = {};
    pageOfItems = [];

    constructor(
        private http: HttpClient,
        private route: ActivatedRoute
    ) { }

    ngOnInit() {
        // load page based on 'page' query param or default to 1
        this.route.queryParams.subscribe(x => this.loadPage(x.page || 1));
    }

    private loadPage(page) {
        // get page of items from api
        this.http.get(`/api/items?page=${page}`).subscribe(x => {
            this.pager = x.pager;
            this.pageOfItems = x.pageOfItems;
        });
    }
}

Angular Home Component Template

The home component template (/client/src/app/home/home.component.html) renders the current page of items as a list of divs with the *ngFor directive, and renders the pagination controls using the data from the pager object. Each pagination link sets the page query parameter in the url with the routerLink directive and [queryParams] property.

The CSS classes used are all part of Bootstrap 4.3, for more info see https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.3/getting-started/introduction/.

    ### Angular 8 + Node - Server Side Pagination Example

    
        {{item.name}}

    
    
        
            
                First
            
            
                Previous
            
            
                {{page}}
            
            
                Next
            
            
                Last
            
        
    

I hope this tutorial will surely help and you if you liked this tutorial, please consider sharing it with others.

Thanks For Visiting, Keep Visiting.

Throughout my career, a multitude of people have asked me&nbsp;<em>what does it take to become a successful developer?</em>

Throughout my career, a multitude of people have asked me what does it take to become a successful developer?

It’s a common question newbies and those looking to switch careers often ask — mostly because they see the potential paycheck. There is also a Hollywood level of coolness attached to working with computers nowadays. Being a programmer or developer is akin to being a doctor or lawyer. There is job security.

But a lot of people who try to enter the profession don’t make it. So what is it that separates those who make it and those who don’t? 

Read full article here