Maximum Value Of Signed Char in C++

In this article, we will discuss the signed char data type in C++.

Some properties of the signed char data type are:

• It is generally used to store 8-bit characters.
• Being a signed data type, it can store positive values as well as negative values.
• Size of 8 bits is occupied where 1 bit is used to store the sign of the value.
• A maximum value that can be stored in a signed char data type is typically 127, around 27 – 1 (but is compiler dependent).
• The maximum and minimum value that can be stored in a signed char is stored as a constant in climits header file and can be named as SCHAR_ MAX and SCHAR_MIN respectively.
• A minimum value that can be stored in a signed char data type is typically -128, i.e.around –27 (but is compiler dependent).
• In case of overflow or underflow of data type, the value is wrapped around. For example, if -128 is stored in a signed char data type and 1 is subtracted from it, the value in that variable will become equal to 127. Similarly, in the case of overflow, the value will round back to -128

#c++ #c++ programs #c-data types #data type #data types

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Maximum Value Of Signed Char in C++

In this article, we will discuss the signed char data type in C++.

Some properties of the signed char data type are:

• It is generally used to store 8-bit characters.
• Being a signed data type, it can store positive values as well as negative values.
• Size of 8 bits is occupied where 1 bit is used to store the sign of the value.
• A maximum value that can be stored in a signed char data type is typically 127, around 27 – 1 (but is compiler dependent).
• The maximum and minimum value that can be stored in a signed char is stored as a constant in climits header file and can be named as SCHAR_ MAX and SCHAR_MIN respectively.
• A minimum value that can be stored in a signed char data type is typically -128, i.e.around –27 (but is compiler dependent).
• In case of overflow or underflow of data type, the value is wrapped around. For example, if -128 is stored in a signed char data type and 1 is subtracted from it, the value in that variable will become equal to 127. Similarly, in the case of overflow, the value will round back to -128

#c++ #c++ programs #c-data types #data type #data types

How to Run C/C++ in Sublime Text?

C and C++ are the most powerful programming language in the world. Most of the super fast and complex libraries and algorithms are written in C or C++. Most powerful Kernel programs are also written in C. So, there is no way to skip it.

In programming competitions, most programmers prefer to write code in C or C++. Tourist is considered the worlds top programming contestant of all ages who write code in C++.

During programming competitions, programmers prefer to use a lightweight editor to focus on coding and algorithm designing. Vim, Sublime Text, and Notepad++ are the most common editors for us. Apart from the competition, many software developers and professionals love to use Sublime Text just because of its flexibility.

I have discussed the steps we need to complete in this blog post before running a C/C++ code in Sublime Text. We will take the inputs from an input file and print outputs to an output file without using freopen file related functions in C/C++.

#cpp #c #c-programming #sublimetext #c++ #c/c++

Dicey Issues in C/C++

If you are familiar with C/C++then you must have come across some unusual things and if you haven’t, then you are about to. The below codes are checked twice before adding, so feel free to share this article with your friends. The following displays some of the issues:

1. Using multiple variables in the print function
2. Comparing Signed integer with unsigned integer
3. Putting a semicolon at the end of the loop statement
4. C preprocessor doesn’t need a semicolon
5. Size of the string matters
6. Macros and equations aren’t good friends
7. Never compare Floating data type with double data type
8. Arrays have a boundary
9. Character constants are different from string literals
10. Difference between single(=) and double(==) equal signs.

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The below code generates no error since a print function can take any number of inputs but creates a mismatch with the variables. The print function is used to display characters, strings, integers, float, octal, and hexadecimal values onto the output screen. The format specifier is used to display the value of a variable.

1. %d indicates Integer Format Specifier
2. %f indicates Float Format Specifier
3. %c indicates Character Format Specifier
4. %s indicates String Format Specifier
5. %u indicates Unsigned Integer Format Specifier
6. %ld indicates Long Int Format Specifier

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A signed integer is a 32-bit datum that encodes an integer in the range [-2147483648 to 2147483647]. An unsigned integer is a 32-bit datum that encodes a non-negative integer in the range [0 to 4294967295]. The signed integer is represented in twos-complement notation. In the below code the signed integer will be converted to the maximum unsigned integer then compared with the unsigned integer.

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Remove the limitation of only returning one value in C/C++

Pointers are identical to a variable but stores the address of another variable. The pointer’s data type will be the same as the data type of the variable. The call by reference methodarguments to a function copies the address of an argument into the formal parameter. A variable stores the value and pointer stores the address of a variable. You can visually see the difference in the example given below. A compiler must do these three things for a variable:

• Reserve space in memory to hold the integer value
• Associate the name i with this memory location.
• Store the value 3 at this location.

A function is a self-contained block of statements that performs a coherent task of some kind. A function prototype is a declaration of a function that specifies the function’s name and type signature (arity, data types of parameters, and return type), but discards the function body.

#pointers-in-c #pointers #c #c-programming #c++ #cplusplus

Learn how to check a character value in C

When working in C, we can use the ctype.h standard library set of functions to check the value of a char type variable.

We have access to several useful checks:

• isalnum() checks if a character is alphanumeric
• isalpha() checks if a character is alphabetic
• iscntrl() checks if a character is a control character
• isdigit() checks if a character is a digit
• isgraph() checks if a character is a printable ASCII character (but not a space)
• islower() checks if a character is lowercase
• isprint() checks if a character is a printable ASCII character
• ispunct() checks if a character is a punctuation character (a printable char, not a space, not alphanumeric)
• isspace() checks if a character is a whitespace character (see more later)
• isupper() checks if a character is uppercase
• isxdigit() checks if a character is an hexadecimal digit (0-F)

#c #c# #c++ #programming-c