Ethrpc: Golang Client for Ethereum json Rpc Api

Ethrpc   

Golang client for ethereum JSON RPC API.

•  web3_clientVersion
•  web3_sha3
•  net_version
•  net_peerCount
•  net_listening
•  eth_protocolVersion
•  eth_syncing
•  eth_coinbase
•  eth_mining
•  eth_hashrate
•  eth_gasPrice
•  eth_accounts
•  eth_blockNumber
•  eth_getBalance
•  eth_getStorageAt
•  eth_getTransactionCount
•  eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash
•  eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber
•  eth_getUncleCountByBlockHash
•  eth_getUncleCountByBlockNumber
•  eth_getCode
•  eth_sign
•  eth_sendTransaction
•  eth_sendRawTransaction
•  eth_call
•  eth_estimateGas
•  eth_getBlockByHash
•  eth_getBlockByNumber
•  eth_getTransactionByHash
•  eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex
•  eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex
•  eth_getTransactionReceipt
•  eth_pendingTransactions
•  eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex
•  eth_getUncleByBlockNumberAndIndex
•  eth_getCompilers (DEPRECATED)
•  eth_compileLLL (DEPRECATED)
•  eth_compileSolidity (DEPRECATED)
•  eth_compileSerpent (DEPRECATED)
•  eth_newFilter
•  eth_newBlockFilter
•  eth_newPendingTransactionFilter
•  eth_uninstallFilter
•  eth_getFilterChanges
•  eth_getFilterLogs
•  eth_getLogs
•  eth_getWork
•  eth_submitWork
•  eth_submitHashrate
•  eth_getProof
•  db_putString
•  db_getString
•  db_putHex
•  db_getHex
•  shh_post
•  shh_version
•  shh_newIdentity
•  shh_hasIdentity
•  shh_newGroup
•  shh_addToGroup
•  shh_newFilter
•  shh_uninstallFilter
•  shh_getFilterChanges
•  shh_getMessages

Usage:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "github.com/onrik/ethrpc"
)

func main() {
    client := ethrpc.New("http://127.0.0.1:8545")

    version, err := client.Web3ClientVersion()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(version)

    // Send 1 eth
    txid, err := client.EthSendTransaction(ethrpc.T{
        From:  "0x6247cf0412c6462da2a51d05139e2a3c6c630f0a",
        To:    "0xcfa202c4268749fbb5136f2b68f7402984ed444b",
        Value: ethrpc.Eth1(),
    })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Println(txid)
}

Author: Onrik
Source Code: https://github.com/onrik/ethrpc 
License: MIT license

#go #golang #ethereum 

Build an NFT Marketplace | How to Create and Deploy Your Own dApps

Build an NFT Marketplace Course

This course will teach you everything you need to create and deploy your own dApps - the backbone of Web3.

About the Course

Filip will teach you the end-to-end dApp development process for Ethereum. You'll get to build and test your own dApps and Smart Contracts too! After this course, you'll have practical knowledge of Web3.js, MetaMask, Truffle, and Ganache, and your very own dApp.

JOIN NOW

Course Content

1 - Introduction

• Introduction [ IMPORTANT ]
• Prerequisites
• How to post code correctly in the Forum

2 - Building the Frontend

• Kitties Project Intro
• Dapp Intro
• Cryptokitties Introduction
• Creating Base Cat
• Assignment – Create your own cat
• Our DNA – Introduction
• Assignment – Template and Color
• Color Assignment Solution
• Cattributes Introduction
• Assignment – Cattributes
• How to Create CSS Animations + Assignment
• CSS Animations Assignment Solution
• Cleanup + Buttons Assignment
• Final Look

3 - Building the Smart Contract

• ERC721 Intro + Assignment
• ERC721 Help
• Token Code & Migration Walkthrough
• Create Kitty Function
• Solution + New Get Kitty Assignment
• GetKitty Solution

4 - Feedback

• How are we doing – please fill out the form below

5 -Web3.js Introduction

• Metamask & Web3 Setup
• Web3.js Start Coding
• Web3 CreateKitty Solution + Event Assignment
• Event Assignment Solution

6 - Completing Our Smart Contract

• ERC721 Fulfillment Introduction
• ERC721 Fulfillment – Approval
• ERC721 Fulfillment – Approval Solution
• Assignment – ERC721 Fulfillment transferFrom
• ERC721 Fulfillment – transferFrom Assignment solution
• SafeTransfer Explained
• Assignment – Safetransfer Implementation
• SafeTransferFrom Assignment Solution
• ERC165 Implementation

7 - Breeding Kitties

• Breeding Introduction
• DNA Mixing + Assignment
• DNA Mixing Assignment Solution
• Assignment – Breeding Frontend
• Breeding Frontend Solution
• Advanced DNA Mixing Introduction
• Advanced DNA Coding
• Extra Assignment – More Randomness

8 - Marketplace

• Marketplace Introduction
• Assignment – Marketplace Contract Coding
• Marketplace Contract Coding Solution
• Assignment – Marketplace Frontend
• Marketplace Frontend Solution
• Create and set up GitHub Pages for your project

JOIN NOW

Your instructor

Filip has a background in Computer Science within the Swedish Banking sector and was an early adopter of Bitcoin. He is the "other half" behind Ivan on Tech Academy and a true programming mastermind. Previously, he was the CEO of Stockholm Blockchain Group and has worked as a Blockchain Consultant with clients from all over the world. During his free time he enjoys reading non-fiction books and long walks.

Ivan runs Ivan on Tech - one of the most successful and trusted blockchain channels on Youtube and is also an international blockchain speaker and educator. Millions of people all around the world have listened, learned and been inspired by Ivan. Now he has created a course for his followers and subscribers, so that they can get the same knowledge as the big corporations.

#web3 #nft #blockchain #dapp #nonfungibletoken #ethereum

How to Create Blockchain Dapp with Ethereum and VueJS

In this tutorial, We'll show you How to Create Blockchain Dapp with Ethereum and VueJS.

Set up of the truffle environment

First let's create the project folder called ethereum-vuejs-dapp, then open the terminal in the folder just created and run the following command:

$ truffle init

This command initializes the truffle project and creates the following items:

• contracts: folder containing the smart contracts written in Solidity.
• migrations: folder containing the files that take care of the deployment.
• test: folder containing the files for testing the smart contracts.
• truffle.js: file that contains the list of blockchain networks where you can deploy your contracts.

Let's add the details of our blockchain network to the file truffle.js. So first start Ganache and, once it runs, check the host and the port as shown below.

Now paste the following code in truffle.js:

module.exports = {
	networks: {
		ganache: {
			host: "127.0.0.1",
			port: 7545,
			network_id: "*"
		}
	}
};

IMPORTANT: make sure that the host and the port of the code pasted in truffle.js match with the settings displayed in Ganache.

Smart contract development

As described in the introduction, the main features of our dApp are:

• Let users resister their profiles.
• The owner of a profile is the only person who can edit his own information.

The following information of a user's profile is going to be stored in the blockchain:

• Name of the owner.
• Status.
• When the profile has been created and updated.

What we need is to store the list of the users and associate each user with an account address (or wallet address).

The smart contract must provide a set of functions that:

• Let the user register his profile.
• Let the owner of a profile update his details.
• Get the list of users and their details.
• Check if the user is already registered.

Below is the code of the smart contract (you can find it on GitHub as well).

pragma solidity ^0.5.0;

contract Users {
    // data structure that stores a user
    struct User {
        string name;
        bytes32 status;
        address walletAddress;
        uint createdAt;
        uint updatedAt;
    }

    // it maps the user's wallet address with the user ID
    mapping (address => uint) public usersIds;

    // Array of User that holds the list of users and their details
    User[] public users;

    // event fired when an user is registered
    event newUserRegistered(uint id);

    // event fired when the user updates his status or name
    event userUpdateEvent(uint id);

    // Modifier: check if the caller of the smart contract is registered
    modifier checkSenderIsRegistered {
    	require(isRegistered());
    	_;
    }


    /**
     * Constructor function
     */
    constructor() public
    {
        // NOTE: the first user MUST be emtpy: if you are trying to access to an element
        // of the usersIds mapping that does not exist (like usersIds[0x12345]) you will
        // receive 0, that's why in the first position (with index 0) must be initialized
        addUser(address(0x0), "", "");

        // Some dummy data
        addUser(address(0x333333333333), "Leo Brown", "Available");
        addUser(address(0x111111111111), "John Doe", "Very happy");
        addUser(address(0x222222222222), "Mary Smith", "Not in the mood today");
    }


    /**
     * Function to register a new user.
     *
     * @param _userName 		The displaying name
     * @param _status        The status of the user
     */
    function registerUser(string memory _userName, bytes32 _status) public
    returns(uint)
    {
    	return addUser(msg.sender, _userName, _status);
    }


    /**
     * Add a new user. This function must be private because an user
     * cannot insert another user on behalf of someone else.
     *
     * @param _wAddr 		Address wallet of the user
     * @param _userName		Displaying name of the user
     * @param _status    	Status of the user
     */
    function addUser(address _wAddr, string memory  _userName, bytes32 _status) private
    returns(uint)
    {
        // checking if the user is already registered
        uint userId = usersIds[_wAddr];
        require (userId == 0);

        // associating the user wallet address with the new ID
        usersIds[_wAddr] = users.length;
        uint newUserId = users.length++;

        // storing the new user details
        users[newUserId] = User({
        	name: _userName,
        	status: _status,
        	walletAddress: _wAddr,
        	createdAt: now,
        	updatedAt: now
        });

        // emitting the event that a new user has been registered
        emit newUserRegistered(newUserId);

        return newUserId;
    }


    /**
     * Update the user profile of the caller of this method.
     * Note: the user can modify only his own profile.
     *
     * @param _newUserName	The new user's displaying name
     * @param _newStatus 	The new user's status
     */
    function updateUser(string memory _newUserName, bytes32 _newStatus) checkSenderIsRegistered public
    returns(uint)
    {
    	// An user can modify only his own profile.
    	uint userId = usersIds[msg.sender];

    	User storage user = users[userId];

    	user.name = _newUserName;
    	user.status = _newStatus;
    	user.updatedAt = now;

    	emit userUpdateEvent(userId);

    	return userId;
    }


    /**
     * Get the user's profile information.
     *
     * @param _id 	The ID of the user stored on the blockchain.
     */
    function getUserById(uint _id) public view
    returns(
    	uint,
    	string memory,
    	bytes32,
    	address,
    	uint,
    	uint
    ) {
    	// checking if the ID is valid
    	require( (_id > 0) || (_id <= users.length) );

    	User memory i = users[_id];

    	return (
    		_id,
    		i.name,
    		i.status,
    		i.walletAddress,
    		i.createdAt,
    		i.updatedAt
    	);
    }


    /**
     * Return the profile information of the caller.
     */
    function getOwnProfile() checkSenderIsRegistered public view
    returns(
    	uint,
    	string memory,
    	bytes32,
    	address,
    	uint,
    	uint
    ) {
    	uint id = usersIds[msg.sender];

    	return getUserById(id);
    }


    /**
     * Check if the user that is calling the smart contract is registered.
     */
    function isRegistered() public view returns (bool)
    {
    	return (usersIds[msg.sender] > 0);
    }

	
    /**
     * Return the number of total registered users.
     */
    function totalUsers() public view returns (uint)
    {
        // NOTE: the total registered user is length-1 because the user with
        // index 0 is empty check the contructor: addUser(address(0x0), "", "");
        return users.length - 1;
    }

}

Deploy the smart contract to the blockchain

It's time to deploy the smart contract to the blockchain! Make sure that your blockchain is running and the file truffle.js is properly set as explained before.

Go to the folder migration and create a file called 2_migrate_users.js.
The migration filename has a number as prefix and a description as suffix. The numbered prefix is required in order to record whether the migration ran successfully and the suffix just describes what the file is about.

Copy and paste the following code inside the file 2_migrate_users.js:

var Users = artifacts.require("./Users.sol");

module.exports = function(deployer) {
    deployer.deploy(Users);
};

Now let's open the terminal in the project folder ethereum-vuejs-dapp and run the command:

$ truffle console ––network ganache

Once the truffle console is running, type the following command:

>> migrate ––reset ––compile-all

This command compiles all smart contracts and deploys the smart contracts to the blockchain.

If everything went fine, on the console you should see a message as follows:

Compiling .\contracts\Migrations.sol...
Compiling .\contracts\Users.sol...
Writing artifacts to .\build\contracts

Using network 'ganache'.

Running migration: 1_initial_migration.js
  Replacing Migrations...
  ... 0x18edd24941e9b7edfae4966af544d5413e31622da90cecae2d3153635a7ffba2
  Migrations: 0xcac26201ab3b38d2f0f9b56f81a8897dfe036da6
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0x125c70f37e143b13acb4827dda16e8571758402db81c08a3a2ae27573910105f
Saving artifacts...
Running migration: 2_migrate_users.js
  Replacing Users...
  ... 0x043c2cf363da321b8a1ec06672f12fd794bf894342fa51100250bc6975806385
  Users: 0x782b9ce19fe792ed3c4ccbfb439ab59ddc5369f2
Saving successful migration to network...
  ... 0x9e56386f94093c4f56f6b84190503376363f15a6d16661e7bfaa8fefe1b4be1f
Saving artifacts...
truffle(ganache)>

After the deployment you will see on Ganache some new transactions in the transaction list.

Set up of the Vue project and Web3.js installation

For the set up we are going to use Vue command line interface (Vue CLI): if you have not installed it yet here you can find the commands

$ npm install -g @vue/cli
$ npm install -g @vue/cli-init

Then type the following command to check if everything was installed correctly:

$ vue ––version

Now let's create a new project with the following command (you can create the project in any folder you want):

$ vue init webpack app-users

This command will start a wizard, which will ask you for general information like the app name, contact and description (just press enter).

On the question Install vue-router type Y for yes; type N for the questions:

• Use ESLint to lint your code?
• Set up unit tests
• Setup e2e tests with Nightwatch?

? Project name apptest
? Project description A Vue.js project
? Author
? Vue build standalone
? Install vue-router? Yes
? Use ESLint to lint your code? No
? Set up unit tests No
? Setup e2e tests with Nightwatch? No
? Should we run `npm install` for you after the project has been created? (recommended) npm

Once the installation is done, go inside the folder of the project which has just been created:

$ cd app-users

And let's pull into the project the latest stable release of Web3.js (at the time of this writing):

$ npm install --save web3@0.20.6

Note that if you do not specify the version, npm will install the latest version of Web3.js (still in beta) and the dApp will not work.

Finally let's run the development server typing the following command in the project folder:

$ npm run dev

On the terminal you should see something like this:

Project set up and structure

Open the file index.html in the root folder app-users and paste the following CSS in the head section:

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-Gn5384xqQ1aoWXA+058RXPxPg6fy4IWvTNh0E263XmFcJlSAwiGgFAW/dAiS6JXm" crossorigin="anonymous">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/app.css">

The body has to include only the following tag:

<div id="app"></div>

The file index.html should look like this:
https://github.com/danielefavi/ethereum-vuejs-dapp/blob/master/app-users/index.html

The folder app-users/src contains the source of our project and now we are going to tweak it a little: delete the folder routes and create two folders called libs and views and finally create an empty file called routes.js.

The structure of the folder src should be like this:

• assets: contains the JSON configuration files like the compiled smart contract.
• components: Vue components folder.
• libs: contains classes and extra functionalities.
• views: pages components.
• App.vue: master page component.
• main.js: Vue bootstrap file.
• routes.js: URL / page view mapping.

The BcExplorer class: Web3.js made easy

Our dApp uses the class BcExplorer to handle the interactions with the blockchain; BcExplorer makes easy the use of Web3j.js.
With BcExplorer you can:

• Handle the connection.
• Initialize the multiple smart contracts.
• Call easily the functions from different smart contracts.

The class BcExplorer is located in the app-users/src/libs folder.

Note: the BcExplorer class works with the stable version of Web3.js 0.X but it does not work with the latest beta 1.x.

Let's start with the project!

The file main.js is the bootstrap file of our dApp: the only line of code added here is:

window.Event = new Vue();

It will help to handle the cross-components events.
As you can see from the main.js, the first component that will be rendered is App.vue.

The main page app: App.vue

App.vue defines the structure of the pages with the menu on the top (TopMenu component) followed by the page content <router-view>.

The content page will be displayed only when the connection with the blockchain is established successfully (bcConnected is true) and no error occurred (bcConnectionError is false).

<div class="main-content" v-show="bcConnected && !bcConnectionError">
    <router-view></router-view>
</div>

NOTE: you can be successfully connected to the blockchain but the address of the smart contract might be wrong; bcConnectionError is a variable which indicates if general errors occurred with the blockchain.

Where are bcConnected and bcConnectionError defined? Where are the functions that handle the connection with the blockchain?
If you check the script section of App.vue you will see that the mixin (click here to read mixin on Vue.js official documentation) mixinViews.js is included: bcConnected and bcConnectionError are declared here.

The mixin mixinViews.js

In the mixin libs/mixinViews.js are handled the set up of Web3.js and the initialization of the smart contracts; so all the components that use this mixin will initialize Web3.js and the smart contracts (if not initialized yet).

In the mixin you can see the declaration of the function created(): when a component includes this mixin, the code within the created() method in the mixin is mixed with the created() method of the component.

The function created() calls the method init(). Following you can see the code of the method init() in the mixin:

init() {
    // when this file is imported to other component it checks if the BcExplorer
    // is instatiated.
    if (window.bc == undefined) {
        window.bc = new BcExplorer;

        // connecting to the blockchain and intializing the Users smart contract
        window.bc.initWithContractJson(UsersContract, 'http://127.0.0.1:7545')
        .then((error) => {
            // handling the connection error
            if (error) {
                this.bcConnected = false;
                this.showConnectionErrorMessage(error);
            } else {
                // calling a smart contract function in order to check the contract address
                // is correct. NOTE: here you might be connected successfully.
                this.isRegistered()
                .then(res => {
                    this.bcConnectionError = false;
                    this.bcConnected = this.blockchainIsConnected();
                })
                .catch(error => {
                    this.showConnectionErrorMessage(error);
                    this.bcSmartContractAddressError = true;
                });
            }
        })
        .catch(error => this.showConnectionErrorMessage(error));
    } // end if
},

The class BcExplorer is instantiated in window.bc so it can be accessed everywhere.

In case you are wondering why the initialization of BcExplorer and Web3.js is in a mixin and not in the main.js.
I will give an example: you have a dApp with 10 pages and only in 2 of them you are using Web3.js; since you need Web3.js in 2 pages only, you can initialize Web3.js in one of those two pages instead of doing it everywhere in the main.js, which also slows down the initial loading.

The TopMenu component

This component shows the top menu. You can find this component in src/components/TopMenu.vue.
The top menu shows:

• The link to the page of the status list.
• The link to the register page if the user is not registered yet or the link to the profile page if the user is registered.
• Message if the user is connected to the blockchain.

If you check the code of this component you will see it includes the mixin mixinViews. We need the BcExplorer functionalities because we have to check if the visitor is already registered and to show if the connection with the blockchain is established.

To show the message that the connection is established we can easily use the variable bcConnected defined in the mixin:

<strong :class="connectedClass">
    {{ bcConnected ? 'Connected' : 'Not Connected' }}
</strong>

In the created method you can see that

Event.$on('userregistered', this.checkUntilUserIsRegistered);

this line of the code triggers the function checkUntilUserIsRegistered when the event userregistered is fired. The function checkUntilUserIsRegistered checks if the user is registered and it changes the link Register to Profile accordingly.

After the event userregistered is fired the function checkUntilUserIsRegistered checks every second if the user has been registered successfully calling function isRegistered (declarated in the mixinView.js):

isRegistered() {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        window.bc.getMainAccount()
        .then(account => {
            window.bc.contract().isRegistered({ from: account }, (error, res) => {
                if (error) reject(error);

                resolve(res);
            });
        })
        .catch(error => reject(error));
    });
},

The function isRegistered() first gets the user's account address calling the method getMainAccount(). That function returns the account address (don't get confused with the coinbase address) through a promise. Once the promise from getMainAccount() is received the smart contract function isRegistered is called passing to it the account address as a parameter { from: account }.

The checking stops when the block is mined and so the user is actually registered.

This control must be done every second (and not only once) because the mining of the block needs time.
Let me explain it with an example: let's suppose that your dApp uses a blockchain where the block mining is 5 minutes long; when a user signs up a transaction is submitted but it can take 5 minutes before the block is mined (so the user will be effectively registered).
If you are using Ganache the mining is instantaneous.

Another function in the created() method is called: checkUserIsRegistered.
This function changes the link from Register to Profile as well if the user is registered but the control is performed when the component is created.
This function has a timer too, that performs the check every half of a second, as connection to the blockchain can require some time; the checking stops when a response is received.

The view components

Let's check the main functions used in the views.

How to get the users list on List.vue

In the file List.vue you can see all the status of the registered user. Below you can see the function that retrieves all the registered users:

getAllUsers(callback) {
    // getting the total number of users stored in the blockchain
    // calling the method totalUsers from the smart contract
    window.bc.contract().totalUsers((err, total) => {
        var tot = 0;
        if (total) tot = total.toNumber();

        if (tot > 0) {
            // getting the user one by one
            for (var i=1; i<=tot; i++) {
                window.bc.contract().getUserById.call(i, (error, userProfile) => {
                    callback(userProfile);
                });
            } // end for
        } // end if
    }); // end totalUsers call
}

This method first calls the smart contract function totalUsers to get the total number of users; then it gets all the users one by one calling the smart contract function getUserById starting with the user with ID 1 to the user with the ID returned by totalUsers function.

How to register a user profile

When the user is on the registration page (file Register.vue) and he presses the Register button the function performSubmit() is triggered. performSubmit() calls the function performUserRegistration() that performs the actual user registration:

performUserRegistration(address) {
    window.bc.contract().registerUser(
        this.userName,
        this.userStatus,
        {
            from: address,
            gas: 800000
        },
        (err, txHash) => {
            this.submitting = false;

            if (err) {
                this.showErrorMessage(err);
            }
            else {
                this.successMessage = true;

                // it emits a global event in order to update the top menu bar
                Event.$emit('userregistered', txHash);

                // the transaction was submitted and the user will be redirected to the
                // profile page once the block will be mined
                this.redirectWhenBlockMined();
            }
        }
    )
},

As you can see, the smart contract function registerUser to register a user is called. The function must receive 3 parameters:

• The name of the user.
• The status the user.
• An object with two attributes:
  • from: the account address of the sender.
  • gas: amount of gas you are willing to pay for this transaction.

If the registration is successful a global event userregistered will be fired:

Event.$emit('userregistered', txHash);

This event will be caught by the TopMenu component as described before.
Then redirectWhenBlockMined() is triggered: this method waits until the block is mined then it redirects the user to its own profile page_

Link: https://www.danielefavi.com/blog/create-your-blockchain-dapp-with-ethereum-and-vuejs-part-1/#setup_truffle

Link: https://www.danielefavi.com/blog/create-your-blockchain-dapp-with-ethereum-and-vuejs-tutorial-part-2/

#blockchain #dapp #vuejs #javascript  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

EthContract: A Set Of Helper Methods to Help Query ETH Smart Contracts

EthContract

A set of helper methods to help query ETH smart contracts

Installation

If available in Hex, the package can be installed by adding eth_contract to your list of dependencies in mix.exs:

def deps do
  [
    {:eth_contract, "~> 0.1.0"}
  ]
end

Documentation can be generated with ExDoc and published on HexDocs. Once published, the docs can be found at https://hexdocs.pm/eth_contract.

Configuration

Add your JSON RPC provider URL in config.exs

config :ethereumex,
  url: "http://"

Usage

Load and parse the ABI

abi = EthContract.parse_abi("crypto_kitties.json")

Get meta given a token_id and method name

EthContract.meta(%{token_id: 45, method: "getKitty", contract: "0x06012c8cf97BEaD5deAe237070F9587f8E7A266d", abi: abi})

This will return a map with all the meta:

%{                                                                                                                                                                                "birthTime" => 1511417999,
  "cooldownIndex" => 0,  
  "generation" => 0,
  "genes" => 626837621154801616088980922659877168609154386318304496692374110716999053,
  "isGestating" => false,
  "isReady" => true,
  "matronId" => 0,
  "nextActionAt" => 0,
  "sireId" => 0,
  "siringWithId" => 0
}

Download Details:
Author: zyield
Source Code: https://github.com/zyield/eth_contract
License: GPL-3.0 license

#blockchain  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #elixir 

Ethereumex: Elixir JSON-RPC Client for The Ethereum Blockchain

Ethereumex

Elixir JSON-RPC client for the Ethereum blockchain.

Check out the documentation here.

Installation

Add :ethereumex to your list of dependencies in mix.exs:

def deps do
  [
    {:ethereumex, "~> 0.9"}
  ]
end

Ensure :ethereumex is started before your application:

def application do
  [
    applications: [:ethereumex]
  ]
end

Configuration

In config/config.exs, add Ethereum protocol host params to your config file

config :ethereumex,
  url: "http://localhost:8545"

You can also configure the HTTP request timeout for requests sent to the Ethereum JSON-RPC (you can also overwrite this configuration in opts used when calling the client).

config :ethereumex,
  http_options: [pool_timeout: 5000, receive_timeout: 15_000],
  http_headers: [{"Content-Type", "application/json"}]

:pool_timeout - This timeout is applied when we check out a connection from the pool. Default value is 5_000. :receive_timeout - The maximum time to wait for a response before returning an error. Default value is 15_000

If you want to use IPC you will need to set a few things in your config.

First, specify the :client_type:

config :ethereumex,
  client_type: :ipc

This will resolve to :http by default.

Second, specify the :ipc_path:

config :ethereumex,
  ipc_path: "/path/to/ipc"

If you want to count the number of RPC calls per RPC method or overall, you can attach yourself to executed telemetry events. There are two events you can attach yourself to: [:ethereumex] # has RPC method name in metadata Emitted event: {:event, [:ethereumex], %{counter: 1}, %{method_name: "method_name"}}

or more granular [:ethereumex, <rpc_method>] # %{} metadata Emitted event: {:event, [:ethereumex, :method_name_as_atom], %{counter: 1}, %{}}

Each event caries a single ticker that you can pass into your counters (like Statix.increment/2). Be sure to add :telemetry as project dependency.

The IPC client type mode opens a pool of connection workers (default is 5 and 2, respectively). You can configure the pool size.

config :ethereumex,
  ipc_worker_size: 5,
  ipc_max_worker_overflow: 2,
  ipc_request_timeout: 60_000

Test

Download parity and initialize the password file

$ make setup

Run parity

$ make run

Run tests

$ make test

Usage

Available methods:

• web3_clientVersion
• web3_sha3
• net_version
• net_peerCount
• net_listening
• eth_protocolVersion
• eth_syncing
• eth_coinbase
• eth_mining
• eth_hashrate
• eth_gasPrice
• eth_accounts
• eth_blockNumber
• eth_getBalance
• eth_getStorageAt
• eth_getTransactionCount
• eth_getBlockTransactionCountByHash
• eth_getBlockTransactionCountByNumber
• eth_getUncleCountByBlockHash
• eth_getUncleCountByBlockNumber
• eth_getCode
• eth_sign
• eth_sendTransaction
• eth_sendRawTransaction
• eth_call
• eth_estimateGas
• eth_getBlockByHash
• eth_getBlockByNumber
• eth_getTransactionByHash
• eth_getTransactionByBlockHashAndIndex
• eth_getTransactionByBlockNumberAndIndex
• eth_getTransactionReceipt
• eth_getUncleByBlockHashAndIndex
• eth_getUncleByBlockNumberAndIndex
• eth_getCompilers
• eth_compileLLL
• eth_compileSolidity
• eth_compileSerpent
• eth_newFilter
• eth_newBlockFilter
• eth_newPendingTransactionFilter
• eth_uninstallFilter
• eth_getFilterChanges
• eth_getFilterLogs
• eth_getLogs
• eth_getProof
• eth_getWork
• eth_submitWork
• eth_submitHashrate
• db_putString
• db_getString
• db_putHex
• db_getHex
• shh_post
• shh_version
• shh_newIdentity
• shh_hasIdentity
• shh_newGroup
• shh_addToGroup
• shh_newFilter
• shh_uninstallFilter
• shh_getFilterChanges
• shh_getMessages

IpcClient

You can follow along with any of these examples using IPC by replacing HttpClient with IpcClient.

Examples

iex> Ethereumex.HttpClient.web3_client_version
{:ok, "Parity//v1.7.2-beta-9f47909-20170918/x86_64-macos/rustc1.19.0"}

# Using the url option will overwrite the configuration
iex> Ethereumex.HttpClient.web3_client_version(url: "http://localhost:8545")
{:ok, "Parity//v1.7.2-beta-9f47909-20170918/x86_64-macos/rustc1.19.0"}

iex> Ethereumex.HttpClient.web3_sha3("wrong_param")
{:error, %{"code" => -32602, "message" => "Invalid params: invalid format."}}

iex> Ethereumex.HttpClient.eth_get_balance("0x407d73d8a49eeb85d32cf465507dd71d507100c1")
{:ok, "0x0"}

Note that all method names are snakecases, so, for example, shh_getMessages method has corresponding Ethereumex.HttpClient.shh_get_messages/1 method. Signatures can be found in Ethereumex.Client.Behaviour. There are more examples in tests.

eth_call example - Read only smart contract calls

In order to call a smart contract using the JSON-RPC interface you need to properly hash the data attribute (this will need to include the contract method signature along with arguments if any). You can do this manually or use a hex package like ABI to parse your smart contract interface or encode individual calls.

defp deps do
  [
    ...
    {:ethereumex, "~> 0.9"},
    {:ex_abi, "~> 0.5"}
    ...
  ]
end

Now load the ABI and pass the method signature. Note that the address needs to be converted to bytes:

address           = "0xF742d4cE7713c54dD701AA9e92101aC42D63F895" |> String.slice(2..-1) |> Base.decode16!(case: :mixed)
contract_address  = "0xC28980830dD8b9c68a45384f5489ccdAF19D53cC"
abi_encoded_data  = ABI.encode("balanceOf(address)", [address]) |> Base.encode16(case: :lower)

Now you can use eth_call to execute this smart contract command:

balance_bytes = Ethereumex.HttpClient.eth_call(%{
  data: "0x" <> abi_encoded_data,
  to: contract_address
})

To convert the balance into an integer:

balance_bytes
|> String.slice(2..-1)
|> Base.decode16!(case: :lower)
|> TypeDecoder.decode_raw([{:uint, 256}])
|> List.first

Custom requests

Many Ethereum protocol implementations support additional JSON-RPC API methods. To use them, you should call Ethereumex.HttpClient.request/3 method.

For example, let's call parity's personal_listAccounts method.

iex> Ethereumex.HttpClient.request("personal_listAccounts", [], [])
{:ok,
 ["0x71cf0b576a95c347078ec2339303d13024a26910",
  "0x7c12323a4fff6df1a25d38319d5692982f48ec2e"]}

Batch requests

To send batch requests use Ethereumex.HttpClient.batch_request/1 or Ethereumex.HttpClient.batch_request/2 method.

requests = [
   {:web3_client_version, []},
   {:net_version, []},
   {:web3_sha3, ["0x68656c6c6f20776f726c64"]}
 ]
 Ethereumex.HttpClient.batch_request(requests)
 {
   :ok,
   [
     {:ok, "Parity//v1.7.2-beta-9f47909-20170918/x86_64-macos/rustc1.19.0"},
     {:ok, "42"},
     {:ok, "0x47173285a8d7341e5e972fc677286384f802f8ef42a5ec5f03bbfa254cb01fad"}
   ]
 }

Built on Ethereumex

If you are curious what others are building with ethereumex, you might want to take a look at these projects:

exw3 - A high-level contract abstraction and other goodies similar to web3.js

eth - Ethereum utilities for Elixir.

eth_contract - A set of helper methods for calling ETH Smart Contracts via JSON RPC.

Contributing

1. Fork it!
2. Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Add some feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
5. Create new Pull Request

Download Details:
Author: mana-ethereum
Source Code: https://github.com/mana-ethereum/ethereumex
License: MIT license

#blockchain  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #elixir #json #JSONrpc

Eventeum: A Resilient Ethereum Event Listener

Eventeum

An Ethereum event listener that bridges your smart contract events and backend microservices. Eventeum listens for specified event emissions from the Ethereum network, and broadcasts these events into your middleware layer. This provides a distinct separation of concerns and means that your microservices do not have to subscribe to events directly to an Ethereum node.

Features

Dynamically Configurable - Eventeum exposes a REST api so that smart contract events can be dynamically subscribed / unsubscribed.

Highly Available - Eventeum instances communicate with each other to ensure that every instance is subscribed to the same collection of smart contract events.

Resilient - Node failures are detected and event subscriptions will continue from the failure block once the node comes back online.

Fork Tolerance - Eventeum can be configured to wait a certain amount of blocks before an event is considered 'Confirmed'. If a fork occurs during this time, a message is broadcast to the network, allowing your services to react to the forked/removed event.

Supported Broadcast Mechanisms

• Kafka
• HTTP Post
• RabbitMQ
• Pulsar

For RabbitMQ, you can configure the following extra values

• rabbitmq.blockNotification. true|false
• rabbitmq.routingKey.contractEvents
• rabbitmq.routingKey.blockEvents
• rabbitmq.routingKey.transactionEvents

Eventeum Tutorials

• Listening to Ethereum Events
• Listening for Ethereum Transactions
• Using Eventeum to Build a Java Smart Contract Data Cache

Getting Started

Follow the instructions below in order to run Eventeum on your local machine for development and testing purposes.

Prerequisites

• Java 8
• Maven
• Docker (optional)

Build

1. After checking out the code, navigate to the root directory

$ cd /path/to/eventeum/

2.   Compile, test and package the project

$ mvn clean package

Run

a. If you have a running instance of MongoDB, Kafka, Zookeeper and an Ethereum node:

Executable JAR:

$ cd server
$ export SPRING_DATA_MONGODB_HOST=<mongodb-host:port>
$ export ETHEREUM_NODE_URL=http://<node-host:port>
$ export ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS=<zookeeper-host:port>
$ export KAFKA_ADDRESSES=<kafka-host:port>
$ export RABBIT_ADDRESSES=<rabbit-host:port>

$ java -jar target/eventeum-server.jar

Docker:

$ cd server
$ docker build  . -t kauri/eventeum:latest

$ export SPRING_DATA_MONGODB_HOST=<mongodb-host:port>
$ export ETHEREUM_NODE_URL=http://<node-host:port>
$ export ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS=<zookeeper-host:port>
$ export KAFKA_ADDRESSES=<kafka-host:port>
$ export RABBIT_ADDRESSES=<rabbit-host:port>

$ docker run -p 8060:8060 kauri/eventeum

b. If you prefer build an all-in-one test environment with a parity dev node, use docker-compose:

$ cd server
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml build
$ docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up

SQL Support

Eventeum now supports a SQL database as well as the default MongoDB. To use a SQL database (only SQL Server has currently been tested but others should be supported with the correct config), set the database.type property to SQL and ensure you have all required additional properties in your properties file. See config-examples/application-template-sqlserver.yml for a sample SQLServer configuration.

Upgrading to 0.8.0

When upgrading Eventeum to 0.8.0, changes in the schema are required. In order to perform the migration follow these steps:

1. Stop all Evnteum instances
2. Backup your database
3. Apply the tools/potgres-upgrade-to-v0.8.0.sql sql script. Note that this script is written for Postgres, syntax may differ if using other database system.
4. Restart Eventeum instances

Configuring Nodes

Listening for events from multiple different nodes is supported in Eventeum, and these nodes can be configured in the properties file.

ethereum:
  nodes:
    - name: default
      url: http://mainnet:8545
    - name: sidechain
      url: wss://sidechain/ws

If an event does not specify a node, then it will be registered against the 'default' node.

That is the simplest node configuration, but there is other custom flags you can activate per node:

• maxIdleConnections: Maximum number of connections to the node. (default: 5)
• keepAliveDuration: Duration of the keep alive http in milliseconds (default: 10000)
• connectionTimeout: Http connection timeout to the node in milliseconds (default: 5000)
• readTimeout: Http read timeout to the node in milliseconds (default: 60000)
• addTransactionRevertReason: Enables receiving the revert reason when a transaction fails. (default: false)
• pollInterval: Polling interval of the rpc request to the node (default: 10000)
• healthcheckInterval: Polling interval of that evenreum will use to check if the node is active (default: 10000)
• numBlocksToWait: Blocks to wait until we decide event is confirmed (default: 1). Overrides broadcaster config
• numBlocksToWaitBeforeInvalidating: Blocks to wait until we decide event is invalidated (default: 1). Overrides broadcaster config
• numBlocksToWaitForMissingTx: Blocks to wait until we decide tx is missing (default: 1) Overrides broadcaster config

This will be an example with a complex configuration:

ethereum:
  nodes:
  - name: default
    url: http://mainnet:8545
    pollInterval: 1000
    maxIdleConnections: 10
    keepAliveDuration: 15000
    connectionTimeout: 7000
    readTimeout: 35000
    healthcheckInterval: 3000
    addTransactionRevertReason: true
    numBlocksToWait: 1
    numBlocksToWaitBeforeInvalidating: 1
    numBlocksToWaitForMissingTx: 1
  blockStrategy: POLL

Registering Events

REST

Eventeum exposes a REST api that can be used to register events that should be subscribed to / broadcast.

• URL: /api/rest/v1/event-filter
• Method: POST
• Headers:

• URL Params: N/A
• Body:

{
    "id": "event-identifier",
    "contractAddress": "0x1fbBeeE6eC2B7B095fE3c5A572551b1e260Af4d2",
    "eventSpecification": {
        "eventName": "TestEvent",
        "indexedParameterDefinitions": [
          {"position": 0, "type": "UINT256"},
          {"position": 1, "type": "ADDRESS"}],
        "nonIndexedParameterDefinitions": [
          {"position": 2, "type": "BYTES32"},
          {"position": 3, "type": "STRING"}] },
    "correlationIdStrategy": {
        "type": "NON_INDEXED_PARAMETER",
        "parameterIndex": 0 }
}

eventSpecification:

parameterDefinition:

Currently supported parameter types: UINT8-256, INT8-256, ADDRESS, BYTES1-32, STRING, BOOL.

Dynamically sized arrays are also supported by suffixing the type with [], e.g. UINT256[].

correlationIdStrategy:

• Success Response:
  • Code: 200
    Content:

{
    "id": "event-identifier"
}

Hard Coded Configuration

Static events can be configured within the application.yml file of Eventeum.

eventFilters:
  - id: RequestCreated
    contractAddress: ${CONTRACT_ADDRESS:0x4aecf261541f168bb3ca65fa8ff5012498aac3b8}
    eventSpecification:
      eventName: RequestCreated
      indexedParameterDefinitions:
        - position: 0
          type: BYTES32
        - position: 1
          type: ADDRESS
      nonIndexedParameterDefinitions:
        - position: 2
          type: BYTES32
    correlationId:
      type: NON_INDEXED_PARAMETER
      index: 0

Un-Registering Events

REST

URL: /api/rest/v1/event-filter/{event-id}

Method: DELETE

Headers: N/A

URL Params: N/A

Body: N/A

Success Response:

• Code: 200 Content: N/A

Listing Registered Events

REST

• URL: /api/rest/v1/event-filter
• Method: GET
• Headers:

• URL Params: N/A
• Response: List of contract event filters:

[{
	"id": "event-identifier-1",
	"contractAddress": "0x1fbBeeE6eC2B7B095fE3c5A572551b1e260Af4d2",
	"eventSpecification": {
		"eventName": "TestEvent",
		"indexedParameterDefinitions": [
		  {"position": 0, "type": "UINT256"},
		  {"position": 1, "type": "ADDRESS"}],
		"nonIndexedParameterDefinitions": [
		  {"position": 2, "type": "BYTES32"},
		  {"position": 3, "type": "STRING"}] },
	"correlationIdStrategy": {
		"type": "NON_INDEXED_PARAMETER",
		"parameterIndex": 0 }
},
....
{
	"id": "event-identifier-N",
	"contractAddress": "0x1fbBeeE6eC2B7B095fE3c5A572551b1e260Af4d2",
	"eventSpecification": {
		"eventName": "TestEvent",
		"indexedParameterDefinitions": [
		  {"position": 0, "type": "UINT256"},
		  {"position": 1, "type": "ADDRESS"}],
		"nonIndexedParameterDefinitions": [
		  {"position": 2, "type": "BYTES32"},
		  {"position": 3, "type": "STRING"}] },
	"correlationIdStrategy": {
		"type": "NON_INDEXED_PARAMETER",
		"parameterIndex": 0 }
}
]

Registering a Transaction Monitor

From version 0.6.2, eventeum supports monitoring and broadcasting transactions. The matching criteria can be:

• HASH: Monitor a single transaction hash. The monitoring will be removed once is notified.
• FROM_ADDRESS: Monitor all transactions that are sent from a specific address.
• TO_ADDRESS: Monitor all transactions that are received for a specific address.

Besides on that, it can monitor the transaction for specific statuses:

• FAILED: It will notify if the transaction has failed
• CONFIRMED: It will notify if the transaction is confirmed.
• UNCONFIRMED: In case the network is configured to wait for a certain number of confirmations, this will notify when is mined and not confirmed.

REST

To register a transaction monitor, use the below REST endpoint:

• URL: /api/rest/v1/transaction?identifier=<txHash>&nodeName=<nodeName>
• Method: POST
• Headers: N/A
• URL Params: N/A
  • identifier - The transaction hash to monitor
  • nodeName - The node name that should be monitored
• Body:

An example with type HASH:

{
    "type": "HASH",
    "transactionIdentifierValue": "0x2e8e0f98be22aa1251584e23f792d43c634744340eb274473e01a48db939f94d",
    "nodeName": "defaultNetwork",
    "statuses": ["FAIlED", "CONFIRMATION"]
}

Example filtering by FROM_ADDRES, this will notify when a transactions fails with origin the address specified in the field transactionIdentifierValue

{
    "type": "FROM_ADDRESS" ,
    "transactionIdentifierValue": "0x1fbBeeE6eC2B7B095fE3c5A572551b1e260Af4d2",
    "nodeName": "defaultNetwork",
    "statuses": ["FAIlED"]
}

• Success Response:
  • Code: 200 Content:

{
    "id": "transaction-monitor-identifier"
}

Un-Registering a Transaction Monitor

REST

URL: /api/rest/v1/transaction/{monitor-id}

Method: DELETE

Headers: N/A

URL Params: N/A

Body: N/A

Success Response:

• Code: 200
  Content: N/A

Broadcast Messages Format

Contract Events

When a subscribed event is emitted, a JSON message is broadcast to the configured kafka topic or rabbit exchange (contract-events by default), with the following format:

{
    "id":"unique-event-id",
    "type":"CONTRACT_EVENT",
    "details":{
        "name":"DummyEvent",
        "filterId":"63da468c-cec6-49aa-bea4-eeba64fb1df4",
        "indexedParameters":[{"type":"bytes32","value":"BytesValue"},
            {"type":"address","value":"0x00a329c0648769a73afac7f9381e08fb43dbea72"}],
        "nonIndexedParameters":[{"type":"uint256","value":10},
            {"type":"string","value":"StringValue"}],
        "transactionHash":"0xe4fd0f095990ec471cdf40638336a73636d2e88fc1a240c20b45101b9cce9438",
        "logIndex":0,
        "blockNumber":258,
        "blockHash":"0x65d1956c2850677f75ec9adcd7b2cfab89e31ad1e7a5ba93b6fad11e6cd15e4a",
        "address":"0x9ec580fa364159a09ea15cd39505fc0a926d3a00",
        "status":"UNCONFIRMED",
        "eventSpecificationSignature":"0x46aca551d5bafd01d98f8cadeb9b50f1b3ee44c33007f2a13d969dab7e7cf2a8",
        "id":"unique-event-id"},
        "retries":0
}

Block Events

When a new block is mined, a JSON message is broadcast to the configured kafka topic or rabbit exchange (block-events by default), with the following format:

 {
     "id":"0x79799054d1782eb4f246b3055b967557148f38344fbd7020febf7b2d44faa4f8",
    "type":"BLOCK",
    "details":{
        "number":257,
        "hash":"0x79799054d1782eb4f246b3055b967557148f38344fbd7020febf7b2d44faa4f8",
        "timestamp":12345678},
    "retries":0
}

Transaction Events

When a new transaction that matches a transaction monitor is mined, a JSON message is broadcast to the configured kafka topic or rabbit exchange (transaction-events by default), with the following format:

 {
     "id":"0x1c0482642861779703a34f4539b3ba18a0fddfb16558f3be7157fdafcaf2c030",
    "type":"TRANSACTION",
    "details":{
        "hash":"0x1c0482642861779703a34f4539b3ba18a0fddfb16558f3be7157fdafcaf2c030",
        "nonce":"0xf",
        "blockHash":"0x6a68edf369ba4ddf93aa31cf5871ad51b5f7988a69f1ddf9ed09ead8b626db48",
        "blockNumber":"0x1e1",
        "transactionIndex":"0x0",
        "from":"0xf17f52151ebef6c7334fad080c5704d77216b732",
        "to":"0xc5fdf4076b8f3a5357c5e395ab970b5b54098fef",
        "value":"0x16345785d8a0000",
        "nodeName":"default",
        "status":"CONFIRMED"},
    "retries":0
}

Contract Creation Transaction

If the transaction is a contract creation transaction, then the contractAddress value will be set to the address of the newly deployed smart contract.

Transaction Event Statuses

A broadcast transaction event can have the following statuses:

Configuration

Eventeum can either be configured by:

1. storing an application.yml next to the built JAR (copy one from config-examples). This overlays the defaults from server/src/main/resources/application.yml.
2. Setting the associated environment variables.

INFURA Support Configuration

Connecting to an INFURA node is only supported if connecting via websockets (wss://<...> node url). The blockstrategy must also be set to PUBSUB.

Advanced

Correlation Id Strategies (Kafka Broadcasting)

Each subscribed event can have a correlation id strategy association with it, during subscription. A correlation id strategy defines what the kafka message key for a broadcast event should be, and allows the system to be configured so that events with particular parameter values are always sent to the same partition.

Currently supported correlation id strategies are:

Indexed Parameter Strategy - An indexed parameter within the event is used as the message key when broadcasting. Non Indexed Parameter Strategy - An non-indexed parameter within the event is used as the message key when broadcasting.

Event Store

Eventeum utilises an event store in order to establish the block number to start event subscriptions from, in the event of a failover. For example, if the last event broadcast for event with id X had a block number of 123, then on a failover, eventeum will subscribe to events from block 124.

There are currently 2 supported event store implementations:

MongoDB

Broadcast events are saved and retrieved from a mongoDB database.

Required Configuration

REST Service

Eventeum polls an external REST service in order to obtain a list of events broadcast for a specific event specification. It is assumed that this REST service listens for broadcast events on the kafka topic and updates its internal state...broadcast events are not directly sent to the REST service by eventeum.

The implemented REST service should have a pageable endpoint which accepts a request with the following specification:

• URL: Configurable, defaults to /api/rest/v1/event
• Method: GET
• Headers:

• URL Params:

Body: N/A

Success Response:

• Code: 200
  Content:

{
    "content":[
        {"blockNumber":10,"id":<unique event id>}],
    "page":1,
    "size":1,
    "totalElements":1,
    "first":false,
    "last":true,
    "totalPages":1,
    "numberOfElements":1,
    "hasContent":true
}

Required Configuration

Integrating Eventeum into Third Party Spring Application

Eventeum can be embedded into an existing Spring Application via an annotation.

Steps to Embed

1. Add the Eventeum Artifactory repository into your pom.xml file:

<repositories>
  <repository>
    <id>eventeum-artifactory</id>
    <url>https://eventeum.jfrog.io/artifactory/eventeum</url>
  </repository>
</repositories>

2.   Add the eventeum-core dependency to your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.eventeum</groupId>
  <artifactId>eventeum-core</artifactId>
  <version>*LATEST_EVENTEUM_VERSION*</version>
</dependency>

3.   Within your Application class or a @Configuration annotated class, add the @EnableEventeum annotation.

Health check endpoint

Eventeum offers a healthcheck url where you can ask for the status of the systems you are using. It will look like:

{
   "status":"UP",
   "details":{
      "rabbit":{
         "status":"UP",
         "details":{
            "version":"3.7.13"
         }
      },
      "mongo":{
         "status":"UP",
         "details":{
            "version":"4.0.8"
         }
      }
   }
}

Returning this information it is very easy to create alerts over the status of the system.

The endpoint is: GET /monitoring/health

Metrics: Prometheus

Eventeum includes a prometheus metrics export endpoint.

It includes standard jvm, tomcat metrics enabled by spring-boot https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-features.html#production-ready-metrics-export-prometheus https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-features.html#production-ready-metrics-meter.

Added to the standard metrics, custom metrics have been added:

• eventeum_%Network%_syncing: 1 if node is syncing (latestBlock + syncingThreshols < currentBlock). 0 if not syncing
• eventeum_%Network%_latestBlock: latest block read by Eventeum
• eventeum_%Network%_currentBlock: Current node block
• eventeum_%Network%_status: Current node status. 0 = Suscribed, 1 = Connected, 2 = Down

All metrics include application="Eventeum",environment="local" tags.

The endpoint is: GET /monitoring/prometheus

Known Caveats / Issues

• In multi-instance mode, where there is more than one Eventeum instance in a system, your services are required to handle duplicate messages gracefully, as each instance will broadcast the same events.

Download Details:
Author: eventeum
Source Code: https://github.com/eventeum/eventeum
License: Apache-2.0 license

#blockchain  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #java 

KEthereum: Kotlin Library for Ethereum Blockchain

Mission statement

This is a Kotlin library for Ethereum. It is striving towards being 100% Kotlin (the code in the lib is Kotlin anyway - but also trying to not drag in JVM dependencies). This is done in order to enable multi-platform support in the future. Currently this library is mainly used in JVM projects but could this way also target e.g. JavaScript and WebAssembly that are broadly used in the web3 space. Another core principle of this library is to be as modular as possible. Ethereum has a wide range of use-cases and should not be supported by huge monolithic libraries. With KEthereum you can pick and choose the modules you need and keep the footprint of the library small this way.

Module overview

Projects that use KEthereum

• WallETH
• FaucETH
• goerli pusher (pushes out TST tokens - good example on how to use KEthereum)
• Gnosis Safe Android App
• kmnid
• uport android signer
• KHardwareWallet
• multiple scripts in ethereum-lists
• mobidex
• add yours

Links

• Ethereum
• White paper
• Yellow paper
• WallETH
• Why a Kotlin library and not use web3j

Get it

KEthereum is available via jitpack:

Download Details:
Author: komputing
Source Code: https://github.com/komputing/KEthereum
License: MIT license

#blockchain #kotlin  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

Ethereum.rb: Ethereum Library for The Ruby Language

Ethereum Ruby library

The goal of ethereum.rb is to make interacting with the Ethereum blockchain from Ruby as fast and easy as possible (but not easier!).

Maintainer

Project is currently maintained by @kurotaky.

Highlights

• Simple syntax, programmer friendly
• Deploy and interact with contracts on the blockchain
• Contract - ruby object mapping to solidity contract
• Signing transactions with ruby-eth gem.
• Compile Solidity contracts with solc compiler from ruby
• Receive events from contract
• Make direct json rpc calls to node from ruby application
• Connect to node via IPC or HTTP
• Helpful rake tasks for common actions

Installation

Before installing the gem make sure you meet all prerequisites, especially that you have:

• compatible ethereum node installed
• compatible solidity compiler installed
• wallet with some ethereum on it

Before you run a program check that the node is running and accounts you want to spend from are unlocked.

To install gem simply add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'ethereum.rb'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install ethereum.rb

Basic Usage

You can create a contract from solidity source and deploy it to the blockchain, with the following code:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(file: "greeter.sol")
address = contract.deploy_and_wait("Hello from ethereum.rb!")

Deployment may take up to a couple of minutes. Once deployed you can start interacting with the contract, e.g. calling it's methods:

contract.call.greet # => "Hello from ethereum.rb!"

You can see example contract greeter here.

If contract method name uses camel case you must convert it to snake case when use call: call.your_method.

Smart contracts

Compile multiple contracts at once

If you want to complie multiple contracts at once, you can create new instances using newly declared ruby clasess:

Ethereum::Contract.create(file: "mycontracts.sol", client: client)
contract = MyContract1.new
contract = contract.deploy_and_wait
contract2 = MyContract2.new
contract2 = contract.deploy_and_wait

All names used to name contract in solidity source will translate to name of classes in ruby (camelized).

Note: If class of given name exist it will be undefined first to avoid name collision.

Get contract from blockchain

The other way to obtain a contract instance is to get one that already exists on the blockchain. To do so you need a contract name, contract address and ABI definition.

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(name: "MyContract", address: "0x01a4d1A62F01ED966646acBfA8BB0b59960D06dd ", abi: abi)

Note that you need to specify a contract name, that will be used to define new class in ruby, as it is not a part of the ABI definition.

Alternatively you can obtain the abi definition and name from a contract source file:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(file: "MyContract.sol", address: "0x01a4d1A62F01ED966646acBfA8BB0b59960D06dd ")

If you want to create a new contract, that is not yet deployed from ABI definition you will need also to supply binary code:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(name: "MyContract", abi: abi, code: "...")

Simple Truffle integration

If you use Truffle to build and deploy contracts, you can pick up the Truffle artifacts to initialize a contract. For example, if you have a MyContract in the Truffle directory at /my/truffle/project:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(name: "MyContract", truffle: { paths: [ '/my/truffle/project' ] }, client: client, address: '0x01a4d1A62F01ED966646acBfA8BB0b59960D06dd')

The contract factory will attempt to load the deployed address from the Truffle artifacts if the client's network is present:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(name: "MyContract", truffle: { paths: [ '/my/truffle/project' ] }, client: client)

Interacting with contract

Functions defined in a contract are exposed using the following conventions:

contract.transact.[function_name](params)
contract.transact_and_wait.[function_name](params)  
contract.call.[function_name](params)

Example Contract in Solidity

contract SimpleRegistry {
  event LogRegister(bytes32 key, string value);
  mapping (bytes32 => string) public registry;

  function register(bytes32 key, string value) {
    registry[key] = value;
    LogRegister(key, value);
  }

  function get(bytes32 key) public constant returns(string) {
    return registry[key];
  }

}

For contract above here is how to access it's methods:

contract.transact_and_wait.register("performer", "Beastie Boys")

Will send transaction to the blockchain and wait for it to be mined.

contract.transact.register("performer", "Black Eyed Peas")

Will send transaction to the blockchain return instantly.

contract.call.get("performer") # => "Black Eyed Peas"

Will call method of the contract and return result. Note that no transaction need to be send to the network as method is read-only. On the other hand register method will change contract state, so you need to use transact or transact_and_wait to call it.

Receiving Contract Events

Using the example smart contract described above, one can listen for LogRegister events by using filters.

You can get a list of events from a certain block number to the latest:

require 'ostruct'

event_abi = contract.abi.find {|a| a['name'] == 'LogRegister'}
event_inputs = event_abi['inputs'].map {|i| OpenStruct.new(i)}
decoder = Ethereum::Decoder.new

filter_id = contract.new_filter.log_register(
  {
    from_block: '0x0',
    to_block: 'latest',
    address: '0x....',
    topics: []
  }
)

events = contract.get_filter_logs.log_register(filter_id)

events.each do |event|
  transaction_id = event[:transactionHash]
  transaction = ethereum.eth_get_transaction_receipt(transaction_id)
  args = decoder.decode_arguments(event_inputs, entry['data'])
  puts "#{transaction.inspect} with args: #{args}"
end

IPC Client Connection

By default methods interacting with contracts will use default Json RPC Client that will handle connection to ethereum node. Default client communicate via IPC. If you want to create custom client or use multiple clients you can create them yourself.

To create IPC client instance of simply create Ethereum::IpcClient:

client = Ethereum::IpcClient.new

You can also customize it with path to ipc file path and logging flag:

client = Ethereum::IpcClient.new("~/.parity/mycustom.ipc", false)

If no ipc file path given, IpcClient looks for ipc file in default locations for parity and geth. The second argument is optional. If it is true then logging is on.

By default logging is on and logs are saved in "/tmp/ethereum_ruby_http.log".

To create Http client use following:

client = Ethereum::HttpClient.new('http://localhost:8545')

You can supply client when creating a contract:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(client: client, ...)

You can also obtain default client:

client = Ethereum::Singleton.instance

Calling json rpc methods

Ethereum.rb allows you to interact directly with Ethereum node using json rpc api calls. Api calls translates directly to client methods. E.g. to call eth_gasPrice method:

client.eth_gas_price # => {"jsonrpc"=>"2.0", "result"=>"0x4a817c800", "id"=>1}

Note: methods are translated to underscore notation using metaprogramming (See client.rb for more information).

Full list of json rpc methods is available here

Signed transactions

Ethereum.rb supports signing transactions with key using ruby-eth gem.

To create a new key simply do the following:

key = Eth::Key.new

Then you can use the key to deploy contracts and send transactions, i.e.:

contract = Ethereum::Contract.create(file: "...")
contract.key = key
contract.deploy_and_wait("Allo Allo!")
contract.transact_and_wait.set("greeting", "Aloha!")

You can also transfer ether transfer using custom keys:

client.transfer(key, "0x342bcf27DCB234FAb8190e53E2d949d7b2C37411", amount)
client.transfer_and_wait(key, "0x949d7b2C37411eFB763fcDCB234FAb8190e53E2d", amount)

Custom gas price and gas limit

You can change gas price or gas limit in the client:

client.gas_limit = 2_000_000_
client.gas_price = 24_000_000_000

or per contract:

contract.gas_limit = 2_000_000_
contract.gas_price = 24_000_000_000

Utils

Url helpers for rails applications

Often in the application you want to link to blockchain explorer. This can be problematic if you want links to work with different networks (ropsten, mainnet, kovan) depending on environment you're working on. Following helpers will generate link according to network connected:

link_to_tx("See the transaction", "0x3a4e53b01274b0ca9087750d96d8ba7f5b6b27bf93ac65f3174f48174469846d")
link_to_address("See the wallet", "0xE08cdFD4a1b2Ef5c0FC193877EC6A2Bb8f8Eb373")

They use etherscan.io as a blockexplorer.

Note: Helpers work in rails environment only, works with rails 5.0+.

Utils rake tasks

There are couple of rake tasks to help in wallet maintenance, i.e.:

rake ethereum:contract:deploy[path]             # Compile and deploy contract
rake ethereum:contract:compile[path]            # Compile a contract
rake ethereum:transaction:byhash[id]            # Get info about transaction
rake ethereum:transaction:send[address,amount]  # Send [amount of] ether to an account

Debbuging

Logs from communication between ruby app and node are available under following path:

/tmp/ethereum_ruby_http.log

Roadmap

• Rubydoc documentation

Development

Run bin/console for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.

Make sure rake ethereum:test:setup passes before running tests.

Then, run rake spec to run the tests.

Test that do send transactions to blockchain are marked with blockchain tag. Good practice is to run first fast tests that use no ether and only if they pass, run slow tests that do spend ether. To do that use the following line:

$ bundle exec rspec --tag ~blockchain && bundle exec rspec --tag blockchain

You need ethereum node up and running for tests to pass and it needs to be working on testnet (Ropsten).

Acknowledgements and license

This library has been forked from ethereum-ruby by DigixGlobal Pte Ltd (https://dgx.io).

The gem is available as open source under the terms of the MIT License.

Download Details:
Author: EthWorks
Source Code: https://github.com/EthWorks/ethereum.rb
License: MIT license

#blockchain #ruby #web3  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

Web3 Swift: Elegant Web3js Functionality in Swift

web3swift

web3swift is an iOS toolbelt for interaction with the Ethereum network.

Core features

 :zap: Swift implementation of web3.js functionality

 :thought_balloon: Interaction with remote node via JSON RPC

 🔐 Local keystore management (geth compatible)

 🤖 Smart-contract ABI parsing

 🔓ABI deconding (V2 is supported with return of structures from public functions. Part of 0.4.22 Solidity compiler)

 🕸Ethereum Name Service (ENS) support - a secure & decentralised way to address resources both on and off the blockchain using simple, human-readable names

 :arrows_counterclockwise: Smart contracts interactions (read/write)

 ⛩ Infura support, patial Websockets API support

 ⚒ Parsing TxPool content into native values (ethereum addresses and transactions) - easy to get pending transactions

 🖇 Event loops functionality

 📱Supports Web3View functionality (WKWebView with injected "web3" provider)

 🕵️‍♂️ Possibility to add or remove "middleware" that intercepts, modifies and even cancel transaction workflow on stages "before assembly", "after assembly"and "before submission"

 ✅Literally following the standards (BIP, EIP, etc):

•  BIP32 (HD Wallets), BIP39 (Seed phrases), BIP44 (Key generation prefixes)

 EIP-20 (Standart interface for tokens - ERC-20), EIP-67 (Standard URI scheme), EIP-155 (Replay attacks protection), EIP-2718 (Typed Transaction Envelope), EIP-1559 (Gas Fee market change)

•  And many others (For details about this EIP's look at Documentation page): EIP-681, EIP-721, EIP-165, EIP-777, EIP-820, EIP-888, EIP-1400, EIP-1410, EIP-1594, EIP-1643, EIP-1644, EIP-1633, EIP-721, EIP-1155, EIP-1376, ST-20

 🗜 Batched requests in concurrent mode

 RLP encoding

 Base58 encoding scheme

 Formatting to and from Ethereum Units

 Comprehensive Unit and Integration Test Coverage

Installation

CocoaPods

CocoaPods is a dependency manager for Cocoa projects. You can install it with the following command:

$ sudo gem install cocoapods

To integrate web3swift into your Xcode project using CocoaPods, specify it in your Podfile:

source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git'
platform :ios, '9.0'

target '<Your Target Name>' do
    use_frameworks!
    pod 'web3swift'
end

Then, run the following command:

$ pod install

Carthage

Carthage is a decentralized dependency manager that builds your dependencies and provides you with binary frameworks.

You can install Carthage with Homebrew using the following command:

$ brew update
$ brew install carthage

To integrate web3swift into your Xcode project using Carthage, specify it in your Cartfile. Create an empty Cartfile with the touch command and open it:

$ touch Cartfile
$ open -a Xcode Cartfile

Add the following line to the Cartfile and save it:

github "skywinder/web3swift" "master"

Run carthage update --no-use-binaries --platform iOS to build the framework. By default, Carthage performs checkouts and creates a new directory 'Carthage' in the same location as your Cartfile. Open this directory, go to 'Build' directory, choose iOS or macOS directory, and use the selected directory framework in your Xcode project.

Swift Package

Open xcode setting and add this repo as a source

Example usage

In the imports section:

import web3swift

Send Ether

let value: String = "1.0" // In Ether
let walletAddress = EthereumAddress(wallet.address)! // Your wallet address
let toAddress = EthereumAddress(toAddressString)!
let contract = web3.contract(Web3.Utils.coldWalletABI, at: toAddress, abiVersion: 2)!
let amount = Web3.Utils.parseToBigUInt(value, units: .eth)
var options = TransactionOptions.defaultOptions
options.value = amount
options.from = walletAddress
options.gasPrice = .automatic
options.gasLimit = .automatic
let tx = contract.write(
"fallback",
parameters: [AnyObject](),
extraData: Data(),
transactionOptions: options)!

Send ERC-20 Token

let web3 = Web3.InfuraMainnetWeb3() 
let value: String = "1.0" // In Tokens
let walletAddress = EthereumAddress(wallet.address)! // Your wallet address
let toAddress = EthereumAddress(toAddressString)!
let erc20ContractAddress = EthereumAddress(token.address)!
let contract = web3.contract(Web3.Utils.erc20ABI, at: erc20ContractAddress, abiVersion: 2)!
let amount = Web3.Utils.parseToBigUInt(value, units: .eth)
var options = TransactionOptions.defaultOptions
options.value = amount
options.from = walletAddress
options.gasPrice = .automatic
options.gasLimit = .automatic
let method = "transfer"
let tx = contract.write(
  method,
  parameters: [toAddress, amount] as [AnyObject],
  extraData: Data(),
  transactionOptions: options)!

Get account balance

let web3 = Web3.InfuraMainnetWeb3() 
let address = EthereumAddress("<Address>")!
let balance = try web3.eth.getBalance(address: address)
let balanceString = Web3.Utils.formatToEthereumUnits(balance, toUnits: .eth, decimals: 3)

Write Transaction and call smart contract method

let web3 = Web3.InfuraMainnetWeb3() 
let value: String = "0.0" // Any amount of Ether you need to send
let walletAddress = EthereumAddress(wallet.address)! // Your wallet address
let contractMethod = "SOMECONTRACTMETHOD" // Contract method you want to write
let contractABI = "..." // Contract ABI
let contractAddress = EthereumAddress(contractAddressString)!
let abiVersion = 2 // Contract ABI version
let parameters: [AnyObject] = [...]() // Parameters for contract method
let extraData: Data = Data() // Extra data for contract method
let contract = web3.contract(contractABI, at: contractAddress, abiVersion: abiVersion)!
let amount = Web3.Utils.parseToBigUInt(value, units: .eth)
var options = TransactionOptions.defaultOptions
options.value = amount
options.from = walletAddress
options.gasPrice = .automatic
options.gasLimit = .automatic
let tx = contract.write(
  contractMethod,
  parameters: parameters,
  extraData: extraData,
  transactionOptions: options)!

Write Transaction with your custom contract ABI

Requirement : Your custom contract ABI string

    func contractTransactionMethod(){
        let yourCoin = self.yourbalance.text ?? "0.0" //Get token for sending
        let userDir = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.documentDirectory, .userDomainMask, true)[0] //get user directory for keystore
        if (FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: userDir + "/keystore/key.json")) {
            //Create Keystore
            guard let manager = FilestoreWrapper.getKeystoreManager() else {
                print("Manager not found ")
                return
            }
            wethioKeystoreManager = manager
            guard let urlStr = URL(string: "Your rpc url here") else { return }
            guard let kManager = yourKeystoreManager else { return }
            
            //Create Web3Provider Instance with key manager
            web3ProvideInstance = Web3HttpProvider(urlStr, keystoreManager: kManager)
            guard let wProvier = self.web3ProvideInstance else {return}
            self.web3Instance = Web3(provider: wProvier) //Set provide instance with web3
            guard let wInstance = self.web3Instance else {return}
            self.receiverAddressString = self.walletAddressTF.text //get receiver address string
            print("Receiver address is : ", self.receiverAddressString ?? " ")
            self.etheriumAccountAddress = self.wethioKeystoreManager?.addresses.first?.address  //get sender address in string
            /*
            convert address string into etherium addresss
            */
            let senderEthAddress = EthereumAddress(self.etheriumAccountAddress ?? "")
            //Run on backgrounnd tread
            DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background).async {
                do {
                    //Convert receiver address in to etherium address
                    let toaddress = EthereumAddress(self.receiverAddressString ?? "")
                    var options = Web3Options.defaultOptions() //Create web3 options
                    let amountDouble = BigInt((Double(yourCoin) ?? 0.1)*pow(10, 18)) //Convert amount into BIGINT
                    print("Total amount in double value : ", amountDouble)
                    var amount = BigUInt.init(amountDouble) //Convert amount in BIG UI Int
                    let estimateGasPrice = try wInstance.eth.getGasPrice() //estimate gas price
                    
                    guard let eGasReult = self.estimatedGasResult else {
                        print("Unable to find gas price")
                        return
                    }
                    let nonce = try wInstance.eth.getTransactionCount(address: senderEthAddress) //Get nonce or transaction count
                    print("Is the Transaction count", nonce)
                    let fee = estimateGasPrice * eGasReult
                    /*
                     adding
                     - sender address
                     - Gas Result
                     - Gas price
                     - amount
                     */
                    var sendTransactionIntermediateOptions = Web3Options.defaultOptions()
                    sendTransactionIntermediateOptions.from = senderEthAddress
                    sendTransactionIntermediateOptions.gasLimit = eGasReult
                    sendTransactionIntermediateOptions.gasPrice = estimateGasPrice
                    var tokenTransactionIntermediate: TransactionIntermediate! //Create transaction intermediate
                    tokenTransactionIntermediate = try wInstance.contract("Your custom contract ABI string", at: contractAddress).method("transfer", args: toaddress, amount, options: sendTransactionIntermediateOptions)
                    let mainTransaction = try tokenTransactionIntermediate.send(options: sendTransactionIntermediateOptions, onBlock: "latest")
                    print(mainTransaction.hash, "is the hash of your transaction")
                }
            }
        }
    }

Web3View example

You can see how to our demo project: WKWebView with injected "web3" provider:

git clone https://github.com/skywinder/web3swift.git
cd web3swift/Example/web3swiftBrowser
pod install
open ./web3swiftBrowser.xcworkspace

Build from source

Default web3swift build

1. Install carthage:

brew install carthage

1. Run carthage update:

# Available platforms: `iOS, macOS` 
carthage update --platform iOS --use-xcframeworks

1. Build project in XCode: Command + B

Build web3swift into .framework:

carthage build --no-skip-current --platform iOS

In case of build errors, please check this solition

• Install dependencies via ./carthage-build.sh --platform iOS (temp workaround, for of Carthage bug. For details please look at

Requirements

• iOS 9.0+ / macOS 10.11+
• Xcode 10.2+
• Swift 5.0+

Migration Guides

• web3swift 2.0 Migration Guide

Documentation

For full documentation details and FAQ, please look at Documentation

If you need to find or understand an API, check Usage.md.

FAQ moved Documentation Page

Here are quick references for essential features:

• Preffered models
• Account Management (create, import, private keys managments, etc.)
• Ethereum Endpoints interaction (web3, balance, tx's operations, chain state)
• Websockets
• ENS

Projects that are using web3swift

If you are using this library in your project, please add a link to this repo.

• MyEtherWallet/MEWconnect-iOS
• Peepeth iOS client
• Ethereum & ERC20Tokens Wallet
• Pay-iOS
• GeoChain
• NewHorizonLabs/TRX-Wallet
• SteadyAction/EtherWalletKit
• UP Wallet/loopr-ios
• MyENS Wallet
• LoanStar
• AlphaWallet
• Follow_iOS
• Biomedical Data Sharing dApp - Geolocation
• Alice Wallet
• web3-react-native
• ProLabArt
• YOUR APP CAN BE THERE (click me) :wink:

Nothing makes developers happier than seeing someone else use our work and go wild with it.

Support

Join our discord if you need a support or want to contribute to web3swift development!

• If you need help, open an issue.
• If you'd like to see web3swift best practices, check Projects that using web3swift.
• If you found a bug, open an issue.

Download Details:
Author: skywinder
Source Code: https://github.com/skywinder/web3swift
License: Apache-2.0 license

#blockchain #swift  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #dapp #javascript 

Web3j: Web3 Java Ethereum Dapp API

Web3j is a lightweight, highly modular, reactive, type safe Java and Android library for working with Smart Contracts and integrating with clients (nodes) on the Ethereum network:

This allows you to work with the Ethereum blockchain, without the additional overhead of having to write your own integration code for the platform.

The Java and the Blockchain talk provides an overview of blockchain, Ethereum and Web3j.

Features

• Complete implementation of Ethereum's JSON-RPC client API over HTTP and IPC
• Ethereum wallet support
• Auto-generation of Java smart contract wrappers to create, deploy, transact with and call smart contracts from native Java code (Solidity and Truffle definition formats supported)
• Reactive-functional API for working with filters
• Ethereum Name Service (ENS) support
• Support for Parity's Personal, and Geth's Personal client APIs
• Support for Alchemy and Infura, so you don't have to run an Ethereum client yourself
• Comprehensive integration tests demonstrating a number of the above scenarios
• Command line tools
• Android compatible
• Support for JP Morgan's Quorum via web3j-quorum
• Support for EEA Privacy features as described in EEA documentation and implemented in Hyperledger Besu.

It has five runtime dependencies:

• RxJava for its reactive-functional API
• OKHttp for HTTP connections
• Jackson Core for fast JSON serialisation/deserialization
• Bouncy Castle (Spongy Castle on Android) for crypto
• Jnr-unixsocket for *nix IPC (not available on Android)
• Java-WebSocket

It also uses JavaPoet for generating smart contract wrappers.

QuickStart

The simplest way to start your journey with Web3j is to create a project. We provide this functionality using the Web3j CLI. This latter can be installed as follows:

For Unix:

curl -L get.web3j.io | sh && source ~/.web3j/source.sh

For Windows, in Powershell:

Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/web3j/web3j-installer/master/installer.ps1'))

Create a new project by running:

$ web3j new 

Or use our Maven or Gradle plugins to generate java files from Solidity contracts.

Please head to the Web3j Documentation for further instructions on using Web3j.

Maven

Java:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.web3j</groupId>
  <artifactId>core</artifactId>
  <version>4.8.7</version>
</dependency>

Android:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.web3j</groupId>
  <artifactId>core</artifactId>
  <version>4.8.7-android</version>
</dependency>

Gradle

Java:

implementation ('org.web3j:core:4.8.7')

Android:

implementation ('org.web3j:core:4.8.7-android')

Build instructions

Web3j includes integration tests for running against a live Ethereum client. If you do not have a client running, you can exclude their execution as per the below instructions.

To run a full build (excluding integration tests):

$ ./gradlew check

To run the integration tests, you will need to set up these variables in order to pull the Docker images from the Docker Hub registry:

• registry.username
• registry.password

Then run the following command:

$ ./gradlew -Pintegration-tests=true :integration-tests:test

If you do not want the integration test to run:

$ ./gradlew -Pintegration-tests=false :test

Check the Docker client API for more information on configuration options.

Commercial support and training

Commercial support and training is available from web3labs.com.

Download Details:
Author: web3j
Source Code: https://github.com/web3j/web3j
License: Apache-2.0 license

#blockchain  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #java 

Creating and Deploying Ethereum Smart Contracts with Solidity

Steps to Create, Test, and Deploy an Ethereum Smart Contract

In this article, we discuss the basics behind smart contracts and Ethereum, and show you how to create and test smart contracts with Solidity.

Ever since Ethereum was introduced in 2015 by Canadian-Russian programmer, Vitalik Buterin, it has brought forth new decentralized applications (dApps). However, Ethereum’s success is significantly attributed to the implementation of smart contracts.

Many people believe that smart contracts are a new concept and have been invented with the Ethereum Blockchain Platform. However, they date back to 1996 when computer scientist, Nick Szabo, coined the term and defined them as:

I call these new contracts “smart”, because they are far more functional than their inanimate paper-based ancestors. No use of artificial intelligence is implied. A smart contract is a set of promises, specified in digital form, including protocols within which the parties perform on these promises.

His work later inspired other scientists and researchers, including Vitalik. Before we go deeper into the creation and deployment of an Ethereum smart contract, it is essential to understand the Ethereum Virtual Machine and Gas.

Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)

The purpose of EVM is to serve as a runtime environment for smart contracts built on Ethereum. Consider it as a global supercomputer that executes all the smart contracts.

As the name indicates, Ethereum Virtual Machine is not physical, but a virtual machine.

Gas

In the Ethereum Virtual Machine, Gas is a measurement unit used for assigning fees to each transaction with a smart contract. Each computation happening in the EVM needs some amount of gas. The more complex the computation is, the more the gas is required to run the smart contracts.

Transaction fee = Total gas used*gas price

Let’s understand what is a smart contract and how it works.

What Is a Smart Contract?

Smart Contracts are the business logic or a protocol according to which all the transactions on a Blockchain happen. The general objective of the smart contract is to satisfy common contractual conditions. For example, if we want to create our own token on Ethereum, we need to develop smart contracts according to which all the calculations on our token would happen.

It is a stand-alone script written in Solidity, compiled into JSON, and deployed to a particular address on the blockchain. Just like we can call a URL endpoint of a RESTful API to run some logic through an HttpRequest, we can execute a deployed smart contract similarly at a particular address by entering accurate data along with Ethereum to call the compiled and deployed Solidity function.

Smart contracts can be deployed to the decentralized database for a fee proportional to the storage size of the containing code. It can be also be defined as a collection of code stored in the blockchain network, defining conditions to which all parties within the contract should agree upon.

We will be sharing an example of an Ethereum smart contract using the Solidity programming language. So, it is first essential to understand what is Solidity.

What Is Solidity?

Solidity is a JavaScript-like language developed specifically for creating smart contracts. It is typed statically and supports libraries, inheritance, and complex user-defined types.

Solidity compiler converts code into EVM bytecode, which is sent to the Ethereum network as a deployment transaction. Such transactions have more fees compared to smart contract interactions, and the owner of the contract must pay them.

Creating and Deploying Ethereum Smart Contracts With Solidity

MetaMask Chrome Extension

MetaMask acts both as an Ethereum browser and a wallet. It allows you to interact with smart contracts and dApps on the web without downloading the blockchain or installing any software. You only need to add MetaMask as a Chrome Extension, create a wallet, and submit Ether.

Though MetaMask is currently available for Google Chrome browser, it is expected to launch for Firefox too in the coming years.

Download the MetaMask Chrome extension before you start writing smart contracts.

Once it is downloaded and added as a Chrome extension, you can either import an already created wallet or create a new wallet. You must have some amount of Ethers in your Ethereum wallet to deploy an Ethereum smart contract on the network.

Steps to Develop an Ethereum Smart Contract

1. Create a Wallet at MetaMask

Install MetaMask in your Chrome browser and enable it. Once it is installed, click on its icon on the top right of the browser page. Clicking on it will open it in a new tab of the browser.

Click on Create Wallet and agree to the terms and conditions by clicking I agree to proceed further. It will ask you to create a password.

After you create a password, it will send you a secret backup phrase that can be used for backing up and restoring the account. Do not disclose it or share it with someone, as this phrase can take away your Ethers.

Next, ensure that you are in the Main Ethereum Network. If you find a checkmark next to “Main Ethereum Network, you are in the right place.

2. Select a Test Network

You might also find the following test networks in your MetaMask wallet:

• Robsten Test Network
• Kovan Test Network
• Rinkeby Test Network
• Goerli Test Network

The above networks are for testing purposes only; note that the Ethers of these networks have no real value.

Step 3: Add Some Dummy Ethers in Your Wallet

In case you want to test the smart contract, you must have some dummy Ethers in your MetaMask wallet.

For example, if you want to test a contract using the Robsten test network, select it, and you will find 0 ETH as the initial balance in your account.

To add dummy Ethers, click on the Deposit and Get Ether button under Test Faucet.

To proceed, you need to click request 1 ether from faucet and one ETH will be added to your wallet. You can add as many Ethers as you want in the test network.

For example, I have added one ETH in this scenario.

Once the dummy Ethers are added to the wallet, you can start writing smart contracts on the Remix Browser IDE in Solidity.

4. Use Editor Remix to Write the Smart Contract in Solidity

We will use Remix Browser IDE to write our Solidity code. Remix is the best option for writing smart contracts, as it comes with a handful of features and offers comprehensive development experience.

It is usually used for writing smaller sized contracts. Remix’s features include:

• Warnings like Gas cost, unsafe code, checks for overlapping variable names, and whether functions can be constant or not.
• Syntax and error highlighting.
• Functions with injected Web3 objects.
• Static analysis.
• Integrated debugger.
• Integrated testing and deployment environment.
• Deploy directly to Mist or MetaMask.

Let’s start writing smart contract code by going here.

5. Create a .sol Extension File

Open Remix Browser, and click on the plus icon on the top left side next to the browser to create a .sol extension file.

6. Smart Contract Code to Create ECR20 Tokens

ERC20.sol is a standard template for ERC20 tokens.

pragma solidity ^0.4.0;
import "./ERC20.sol";
contract myToken is ERC20{
mapping(address =>uint256) public amount;
uint256 totalAmount;
string tokenName;
string tokenSymbol;
uint256 decimal;
constructor() public{
totalAmount = 10000 * 10**18;
amount[msg.sender]=totalAmount;
tokenName="Mytoken";
tokenSymbol="Mytoken";
decimal=18;
}
function totalSupply() public view returns(uint256){
return totalAmount;
}
function balanceOf(address to_who) public view
returns(uint256){
return amount[to_who];
}
function transfer(address to_a,uint256 _value) public
returns(bool){
require(_value<=amount[msg.sender]);
amount[msg.sender]=amount[msg.sender]-_value;
amount[to_a]=amount[to_a]+_value;
return true;
}
}

Select a version of the compiler from Remix to compile the solidity Ethereum smart contract code.

7. Deploy Your Contract

Deploy the smart contract at the Ethereum test network by pressing the deploy button at the right-hand side of the Remix window. Wait until the transaction is complete.

After the transaction commits successfully, the address of the smart contract would be visible at the right-hand side of the Remix window. At first, all the ERC20 token will be stored in the wallet of the user who is deploying the smart contract.

To check the tokens in your wallet, go to the MetaMask window, click add tokens, enter the smart contract address, and click ok. You should be able to see the number of tokens there.

Test an Ethereum Smart Contract

1. Try to run all the methods of your smart contract like transfer, totalSuppy, and balanceOf (in above smart contract example). These methods are present at the right-hand side of the Remix window, and you can run all the methods from there itself.
2. Try to transfer some tokens to other Ethereum wallet addresses, and then check the balance of that address by calling the balanceOf method.
3. Try to get total supply by calling the totalSupply method.

Steps to Deploy Ethereum Smart Contracts

1. To make your smart contract live, switch to the main Ethereum network at MetaMask.
2. Add some real Ethers.
3. Now, again deploy your smart contract using remix, as mentioned in the above steps.
4. When a smart contract is deployed successfully, visit http://www.etherscan.io and search your smart contract address there. Select your smart contract.
5. Now you need to verify your smart contract here, click verify contract.
6. Copy your smart contract code and paste it at Etherscan. Select the same compiler version that you selected at remix to compile your code.
7. Check optimization to Yes if you had selected optimization at remix; otherwise, select No.
8. Click Verify.
9. It will take a few minutes, and your smart contract will be live if no issues occurs.

You can now run your smart contract methods at Etherscan.

Original article source at https://www.leewayhertz.com

#ethereum #smartcontracts #solidity #blockchain

Ethereum PHP: PHP interface to Ethereum JSON-RPC API

Ethereum-PHP

is a typed PHP-7.1+ interface to Ethereum JSON-RPC API.

Check out the latest API documentation.

Add library in a composer.json file

{
  "minimum-stability":"dev",
  "autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
      "Ethereum\\": "src/"
    }
  },
  "repositories": [
    {
      "type": "git",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitaldonkey/ethereum-php.git"
    }
  ],
  "require": {
    "digitaldonkey/ethereum-php": "dev-master"
  }
}

Usage

composer require digitaldonkey/ethereum-php

This is the important part of composer.json in Drupal Ethereum Module.

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';
use Ethereum\Ethereum;

try {
    // Connect to Ganache
    $eth = new Ethereum('http://127.0.0.1:7545');
    // Should return Int 63
    echo $eth->eth_protocolVersion()->val();
}
catch (\Exception $exception) {
    die ("Unable to connect.");
}

Calling Contracts

You can call (unpayed) functions in smart contracts easily.

The json file "$fileName" used is what you get when you compile a contract with Truffle.

$ContractMeta = json_decode(file_get_contents($fileName));
$contract = new SmartContract(
  $ContractMeta->abi,
  $ContractMeta->networks->{NETWORK_ID}->address,
  new Ethereum(SERVER_URL)
);
$someBytes = new EthBytes('34537ce3a455db6b')
$x = $contract->myContractMethod();
echo $x->val()

You can also run tests at smart contracts, check out EthTestClient.

Event listening and handling

You can use Ethereum-PHP to watch changed on your smart contracts or index a Blockchain block by block. gs

See UsingFilters and ethereum-php-eventlistener.

Limitations

Currently not all datatypes are supported.

This library is read-only for now. This means you can retrieve information stored in Ethereum Blockchain.

To write to the blockchain you need a to sign transactions with a private key which is not supported yet.

Documentation

The API documentation is available at ethereum-php.org.

For reference see the Ethereum RPC documentation and for data encoding RLP dcumentation in Ethereum Wiki.

There is also a more readable Ethereum Frontier Guide version.

Download Details:
Author: digitaldonkey
Source Code: https://github.com/digitaldonkey/ethereum-php
License: MIT license

#blockchain #php #solidity  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

Web3.php: A PHP interface for Interacting with The Ethereum Blockchain

web3.php

A php interface for interacting with the Ethereum blockchain and ecosystem.

Install

Set minimum stability to dev

"minimum-stability": "dev"

Then

composer require sc0vu/web3.php dev-master

Or you can add this line in composer.json

"sc0vu/web3.php": "dev-master"

Usage

New instance

use Web3\Web3;

$web3 = new Web3('http://localhost:8545');

Using provider

use Web3\Web3;
use Web3\Providers\HttpProvider;
use Web3\RequestManagers\HttpRequestManager;

$web3 = new Web3(new HttpProvider(new HttpRequestManager('http://localhost:8545')));

// timeout
$web3 = new Web3(new HttpProvider(new HttpRequestManager('http://localhost:8545', 0.1)));

You can use callback to each rpc call:

$web3->clientVersion(function ($err, $version) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        // do something
        return;
    }
    if (isset($version)) {
        echo 'Client version: ' . $version;
    }
});

Eth

use Web3\Web3;

$web3 = new Web3('http://localhost:8545');
$eth = $web3->eth;

Or

use Web3\Eth;

$eth = new Eth('http://localhost:8545');

Net

use Web3\Web3;

$web3 = new Web3('http://localhost:8545');
$net = $web3->net;

Or

use Web3\Net;

$net = new Net('http://localhost:8545');

Batch

web3

$web3->batch(true);
$web3->clientVersion();
$web3->hash('0x1234');
$web3->execute(function ($err, $data) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        // do something
        // it may throw exception or array of exception depends on error type
        // connection error: throw exception
        // json rpc error: array of exception
        return;
    }
    // do something
});

eth

$eth->batch(true);
$eth->protocolVersion();
$eth->syncing();

$eth->provider->execute(function ($err, $data) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        // do something
        return;
    }
    // do something
});

net

$net->batch(true);
$net->version();
$net->listening();

$net->provider->execute(function ($err, $data) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        // do something
        return;
    }
    // do something
});

personal

$personal->batch(true);
$personal->listAccounts();
$personal->newAccount('123456');

$personal->provider->execute(function ($err, $data) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        // do something
        return;
    }
    // do something
});

Contract

use Web3\Contract;

$contract = new Contract('http://localhost:8545', $abi);

// deploy contract
$contract->bytecode($bytecode)->new($params, $callback);

// call contract function
$contract->at($contractAddress)->call($functionName, $params, $callback);

// change function state
$contract->at($contractAddress)->send($functionName, $params, $callback);

// estimate deploy contract gas
$contract->bytecode($bytecode)->estimateGas($params, $callback);

// estimate function gas
$contract->at($contractAddress)->estimateGas($functionName, $params, $callback);

// get constructor data
$constructorData = $contract->bytecode($bytecode)->getData($params);

// get function data
$functionData = $contract->at($contractAddress)->getData($functionName, $params);

Assign value to outside scope(from callback scope to outside scope)

Due to callback is not like javascript callback, if we need to assign value to outside scope, we need to assign reference to callback.

$newAccount = '';

$web3->personal->newAccount('123456', function ($err, $account) use (&$newAccount) {
    if ($err !== null) {
        echo 'Error: ' . $err->getMessage();
        return;
    }
    $newAccount = $account;
    echo 'New account: ' . $account . PHP_EOL;
});

Examples

To run examples, you need to run ethereum blockchain local (testrpc).

If you are using docker as development machain, you can try ethdock to run local ethereum blockchain, just simply run docker-compose up -d testrpc and expose the 8545 port.

Develop

Local php cli installed

1. Clone the repo and install packages.

git clone https://github.com/sc0Vu/web3.php.git && cd web3.php && composer install

2.   Run test script.

vendor/bin/phpunit

Docker container

1. Clone the repo and run docker container.

git clone https://github.com/sc0Vu/web3.php.git

2.   Copy web3.php to web3.php/docker/app directory and start container.

cp files docker/app && docker-compose up -d php ganache

3.   Enter php container and install packages.

docker-compose exec php ash

4.   Change testHost in TestCase.php

/**
 * testHost
 * 
 * @var string
 */
protected $testHost = 'http://ganache:8545';

5.   Run test script

vendor/bin/phpunit

Install packages

Enter container first

docker-compose exec php ash

6.   gmp

apk add gmp-dev
docker-php-ext-install gmp

7.   bcmath

docker-php-ext-install bcmath

Remove extension

Move the extension config from /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/

mv /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/extension-config-name to/directory

API

Todo.

Download Details:
Author: sc0Vu
Source Code: https://github.com/sc0Vu/web3.php
License: MIT license

#blockchain #php #web3  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

Web3.py: A Python Library for interacting with Ethereum

Web3.py

A Python library for interacting with Ethereum, inspired by web3.js.

• Python 3.7.2+ support

Quickstart

Get started in 5 minutes or take a tour of the library.

Documentation

For additional guides, examples, and APIs, see the documentation.

Want to help?

Want to file a bug, contribute some code, or improve documentation? Excellent! Read up on our guidelines for contributing, then check out issues that are labeled Good First Issue.

Questions on implementation or usage? Join the conversation on discord.

Download Details:
Author: ethereum
Source Code: https://github.com/ethereum/web3.py
License: MIT license

#blockchain #python #web3  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract 

Purescript Web3: A Purescript Client for The Web3 API

purescript-web3

A Purescript Client for the Web3 API

purescript-web3 is a library for interacting with an ethereum node purescript. At the moment it covers most endpoints of the web3 api, which means it is suitable for sending transactions, querying blockchain state and metadata, and monitoring events.

Using purescript-web3-generator it is also possible (and recommended) to generate a library from a set of smart contract abis which is capable of templating transactions and event filters/watchers. The README has instructions for getting started.

We do not yet have a build tool similar to truffle, but if you are looking for a template of how to use truffle and write your tests using purescript, check out out the purescript-web3-tests

To see an example project using all of the purescript-web3 tools and with thermite/react ui, check out purescript-web3-example.

Build Instructions

> npm install
> npm run build
> npm run test

Documentation

Module documentation is published on Pursuit.

Examples

Suppose we have the following solidity smart contract:

contract TupleStorage {
    
    uint x;
    uint y;
    
    event TupleSet(uint newX, uint newY);
    
    function setTuple(uint _x, uint _y) public {
        x = _x;
        y = _y;
        TupleSet(_x, _y);
    }
    
}

If we used purescript-web3-generator, we are given a function with the following signature:

setTuple :: forall e.
            TransactionOptions NoPay 
         -> {_x :: UIntN (D2 :& D5 :& DOne D6), _y :: UIntN (D2 :& D5 :& DOne D6)} 
         -> Web3 HexString 

It's pretty clear what this function is doing, but let's look at the TransactionOptions. This record keeps track of, for example, who is the transaction from, what contract address is it going to, is there ether being sent, etc. In this case, the function is not "payable", so this is indicated in the type of the TransactionOptions. It is set using lenses like:

setTupleOpts :: TransactionOptions NoPay
setTupleOpts = defaultTransactionOptions
             # _from ?~ myAddress
             # _to ?~ tupleStorageAddress

Now for the TupleSet event. In order to start an event watcher, we need to establish the Filter, which specifies things like the range of blocks we are interested in, and how to find that particular contract and topic. Again, if you're using web3-generator, things are a lot simpler:

tupleFilter :: Filter TupleSet
tupleFilter = eventFilter (Proxy :: Proxy TupleSet) tupleStorageAddress 
           # _fromBlock .~ BN 100

We also need to pass a callback to the event watcher that performs some action and decides whether or not to unregister the filter. For example, we could set up an event monitor starting from block 100 and continuing until the two coordinates that are set are equal:

event tupleFilter $ \(TupleSet {newX,newY} -> do
  liftAff <<< log $ "Received New Tuple : " <> show (Tuple newX newY) 
  if newX == newY
    then pure TerminateEvent
    else do
      _ <- performAction newX newY
      pure ContinueEvent

For more examples, check out the foam kitty monitor, the example project using thermite, or the purescript-web3-tests repo.

Resources

• web3 RPC spec
• solidity documentation

Download Details:
Author: f-o-a-m
Source Code: https://github.com/f-o-a-m/purescript-web3
License: Apache-2.0 license

#blockchain  #solidity  #ethereum  #smartcontract #web3 #api