This article describes the SQL Server ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN statement. The purpose of this statement is to add a new column to an existing table. Also, the article will clarify the following use cases:

1. Add multiple columns.
2. Add a new primary key column.
3. Add a new foreign key column.
4. Add new columns that have computed columns.
5. Add a new column that has CHECK and UNIQUE constraints.

The Syntax Specificity of the ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN statement

As we are going to explore the statement thoroughly, let’s start with understanding the syntax:

Alter table [table_name] add column [column_name] [data_type][constraint]

Note the following aspects:

1. You need to specify the name of the table where you want to add a column after ALTER TABLE.
2. The name of the column or columns must be after ADD. For multiple columns, separate their names with commas.
3. Specify the column data types after the column name.
4. If you are adding any constraint, a primary key, or a foreign key, specify it after the data type.

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