What is the Dart Classes and Objects

Dart is an object-oriented language. It supports object-oriented programming features like classes, interfaces, etc. A class in terms of OOP is a blueprint for creating objects. A class encapsulates data for the object. Dart gives built-in support for this concept called class.

Declaring a Class
Use the class keyword to declare a class in Dart. A class definition starts with the keyword class followed by the class name; and the class body enclosed by a pair of curly braces.

The class keyword is followed by the class name. The rules for identifiers must be considered while naming a class.

A class definition can include the following −

Fields − A field is any variable declared in a class. Fields represent data pertaining to objects.

Setters and Getters − Allows the program to initialize and retrieve the values of the fields of a class. A default getter/ setter is associated with every class. However, the default ones can be overridden by explicitly defining a setter/ getter.

Constructors − responsible for allocating memory for the objects of the class.

Functions − Functions represent actions an object can take. They are also at times referred to as methods.

These components put together are termed as the data members of the class.

Creating Instance of the class
To create an instance of the class, use the new keyword followed by the class name.

Dart Constructors
A constructor is a special function of the class that is responsible for initializing the variables of the class. Dart defines a constructor with the same name as that of the class. A constructor is a function and hence can be parameterized. However, unlike a function, constructors cannot have a return type. If you don’t declare a constructor, a default no-argument constructor is provided for you.

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