Before I get too deep into C, I need to show you how to get data into and out of your programs. Using assignment for data gets old after a while and you want to be able to have users enter their own data. And you definitely need to be able to see what happens to your data in a program so learning how to display data to the screen is important and necessary.

Besides demonstrating how to perform input and output in C, I will also be demonstrating two templates that are related to those topics — Prompt, Then Read and Input, Process, Output (IPO). The IPO template, in particular, is important because practically every C program you write will use this template.

When I talk about input and output in C, I’ll use the terms standard input and standard output. These terms refer to the default input and output devices on your computer. The standard input device is the keyboard. The standard output device is the computer’s monitor or screen. I will only use the terms input and output and when I use those terms I’m referring to standard input and standard output. If I want to refer to a different device for input and/or output, I’ll use the specific term for that device.

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