This tutorial on "HTML Interview Questions" consist of Top 50+ most frequently asked questions. We will discuss the top 50+ HTML Interview Questions you should absolutely know to crack those trying interviews and land your dream job.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language and is the language of the internet. It is the standard text formatting language used for creating and displaying pages on the Internet
HTML documents are made up of the elements and the tags that format it for proper display on pages.
We use HTML tags for placing the elements in the proper and appropriate format. Tags use the symbols <, and > to set them apart from the HTML content.
The HTML tags need not be closed always. For example, in the case of images, the closing tags are not required as <img> tag.
Attributes are the properties that can be added to an HTML tag. These attributes change the way the tag behaves or is displayed. For example, a <img> tag has an src attribute, which you use to add the source from which the image should be displayed.
We add attributes right after the name of the HTML tag, inside the brackets. We can only add the attributes to opening or self-closing tags, but never be in closing tags.
Marquee is used for scrolling text on a web page. It scrolls the image or text up, down, left, or right automatically. To apply for a marquee, you have to use </marquee> tags.
We separate a section of texts in HTML using the below tags:
The list types in HTML are as below:
We can align the list elements in an HTML file by using indents. If you indent each nested list in further than the parent list, you can easily align and determine the various lists and the elements that it contains.
An unordered list uses <ul> </ul> tags and each element of the list is written between <li> </li> tags. The list items are displayed as bullets rather than numbers.
An ordered list uses <ol> </ol> tags and each element of the list is written between <li> </li> tags. The list items are displayed as numbers rather than bullet points.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML List Example</h2>
<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
An element in HTML is a set of tags that define a specific part of a web page. It consists of a start tag, content, and an end tag.
HTML is used to create the structure and content of a web page, while CSS is used to define the appearance and layout of the page.
No, HTML tags are used to define the structure of a web page, while HTML elements are made up of a set of tags that define a specific part of a web page.
Void elements in HTML are tags that do not require a closing tag. They are used to insert images, line breaks, and other content that does not require additional information.
Collapsing white space in HTML can help to reduce the size of web pages and make them load faster. It involves removing unnecessary white space between HTML elements.
HTML Entities are special characters used to represent characters that cannot be typed on a keyboard. They are often used to display special symbols and foreign characters.
The HTML <table> tag is used to display data in a tabular format. It is also used to manage the layout of the page, for example, header section, navigation bar, body content, footer section. Given below are the list of HTML tags used for displaying a table in an HTML webpage:
Tag | Description |
<table> | It defines a table. |
<tr> | It defines a row in a table. |
<th> | It defines a header cell in a table. |
<td> | It defines a cell in a table. |
<caption> | It defines the table caption. |
<colgroup> | It specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting. |
<col> | It is used with <colgroup> element to specify column properties for each column. |
<tbody> | It is used to group the body content in a table. |
<thead> | It is used to group the header content in a table. |
<tfooter> | It is used to group the footer content in a table. |
5 pcs | 10 | 5 |
1 pcs | 50 | 5 |
The HTML Code for the problem depicted above is:
<table>
<tr>
<td>50 pcs</td>
<td>100</td>
<td>500</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>10 pcs</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>50</td>
</tr>
</table>
We can insert a comment in HTML by beginning with a lesser than sign and ending with a greater than sign. For example, “<!-“ and “->.”
You can insert a copyright symbol by using © or © in an HTML file.
An empty sequence of space characters is called the white space in HTML. This white space is considered as a single space character in the HTML.
White space helps the browser to merge multiple spaces into one single space, and so taking care of indentation becomes easier. White space helps in better organizing the content and tags, making them readable and easy to understand.
We use the <a> tag, along with referencing through the use of the # symbol, to create several links to different sections within the same web page.
We use the anchor tag <a> to create a hyperlink in HTML that links one page to another page. The hyperlink can be added to images too.
An image map in HTML helps in linking with the different kinds of web pages using a single image. It can be used for defining shapes in the images that are made part of the image mapping process.
A style sheet helps in creating a well-defined template for an HTML webpage that is both consistent as well as portable. We can link a single style sheet template to various web pages, which makes it easier to maintain and change the look of the website.
Semantic HTML is a coding style. It is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics or meaning of the content.
For example: In semantic HTML <b> </b> tag is not used for bold statement as well as <i> </i> tag is not used for italic. Instead of these we use <strong></strong> and <em></em> tags.
HTML SVG is used to describe the vector or raster graphics. SVG images and their behaviors are defined in XML text files.
We mostly use it for vector type diagrams like pie charts, 2-Dimensional graphs in an X, Y coordinate system.
<svg width="100" height="100">
<circle cx="50" cy="50" r="40" stroke="yellow" stroke-width="4" fill="red" />
</svg>
There would be nothing to format if there is no text present between the tags. Therefore, nothing will appear on the screen.
Some tags, such as the tags without a closing tag like the <img> tag, do not require any text between them.
Nested web pages basically mean a webpage within a webpage. We can create nested web pages in HTML using the built-in iframe tag. The HTML <iframe> tag defines an inline frame. For example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Iframes example</h2>
<p>
specify the size of the iframe using the height and width attributes:
</p>
<iframe src="https://simplilearn.com/" height="600" width="800"></iframe>
</body>
</html>
We can use the built-in Button tag in HTML to add buttons to an HTML web page.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Button Tag Example</h2>
<button name="button" type="button">CLICK ME</button>
</body>
</html>
There are six types of heading tags in HTML which are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. Each type of heading tag displays a different text size from another. <h1> is the largest heading tag and <h6> is the smallest. For example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>This is Heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is Heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is Heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is Heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is Heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is Heading 6</h6>
</body>
</html>
You can insert an image in the HTML webpage by using the following code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Image Example</h2>
<img src="tulip.jpeg" />
</body>
</html>
The alt attribute is used for displaying a text in place of an image whenever the image cannot be loaded due to any technical issue.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Alt Example</h2>
<img src="tulip.jpeg" alt="Tulip Garden" />
</body>
</html>
You can insert a hyperlink in the HTML webpage by using the following code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Hyperlink Example</h2>
<a href="url">link text</a>
</body>
</html>
You can add colour to the text in HTML by using the following code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Color Text Example</h2>
<h1 style="color: Red">Hello HTML</h1>
<p style="color: Blue">Line 1</p>
<p style="color: Green">Line 2</p>
</body>
</html>
There are three ways to include the CSS with HTML:
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css" />
</head>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
hr {
color: sienna;
}
p {
margin-left: 20px;
}
body {
background-image: url("images/back40.gif");
}
</style>
</head>
If a single selector includes three different style definitions, the definition that is closest to the actual tag takes precedence. Inline style takes priority over embedded style sheets, which takes priority over external style sheets.
JavaScript is used for making HTML web pages more interactive, and user-friendly. It is a scripting language that allows you to interact with certain elements on the page, based on user input. As with CSS, there are three major ways of including JavaScript:
You can add JavaScript to your HTML elements directly whenever a certain event occurs. We can add the JavaScript code using attributes of the HTML tags that support it. Here is an example that shows an alert with a message when the user clicks on it:
<button onclick="alert('Click the Button!');">
Click!
</button>
You can define a script block anywhere on the HTML code, which will get executed as soon as the browser reaches that part of the document. This is why script blocks are usually added at the bottom of HTML documents.
<html>
<script>
var x = 1;
var y = 2;
var result = x + y;
alert("X + Y is equal to " + result);
</script>
</html>
You can also import the JavaScript code from a separate file and keep your HTML code clutter-free. This is especially useful if there is a large amount of scripting added to an HTML webpage.
<html>
<script src="my-script.js"></script>
</html>
There are three lists in HTML: ordered, unordered, and definition. Ordered lists are numbered lists, unordered lists are bulleted lists, and definition lists are lists of terms and their definitions.
The ‘class' attribute in HTML defines a class for an HTML element. It can be used to apply a specific style to a group of elements on a web page.
The ‘id' attribute defines a unique identifier for an HTML element, while the ‘class' attribute defines a class for a group of elements. An ‘id' can only be used once on a page, while a ‘class' can be used multiple times.
HTML and XHTML are both markup languages used to create web pages. However, XHTML is stricter than HTML and requires developers to write well-formed code that adheres to specific rules and guidelines. XHTML also requires all tags to be closed and all attributes to be quoted.
HTML5 is the latest version of HTML and includes new features and improvements over previous versions. Some key differences between HTML and HTML5 include support for multimedia elements (such as video and audio), improved semantics, and better support for mobile devices.
The <head> tag defines information about the web page that is not displayed on the page itself, such as its title, keywords, and other metadata. It is located between the <html> and <body> tags and is usually the first element in the document.
The <meta> tag provides additional information about the web page, such as the author, description, and keywords. It is located within the <head> section of the HTML document.
An absolute URL includes the full web address, the protocol (such as http or https) and the domain name (such as www.example.com). A relative URL, on the other hand, specifies the location of a resource relative to the current web page. For example, a relative URL might include the file path (such as /images/picture.jpg) or the relative path (such as ../images/picture.jpg).
The alt attribute provides alternative text for an image in case the image cannot be displayed. This is important for accessibility, as screen readers can read the alt text to describe the image to visually impaired users.
The title attribute provides additional information about an element, such as a link or an image. The title text is displayed as a tooltip when a user hovers over the element.
A form is a set of input fields and other elements to collect user data. Forms can be used for various purposes, such as logging in, submitting feedback, or purchasing.
Several form input fields in HTML include text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, select menus, and text areas. Each input field type is used to collect different types of data from users.
The action attribute is used to specify the URL of the script or program that will process the data submitted by the form. When the user clicks the submit button, the form data is sent to the specified URL for processing.
The method attribute is used to specify the HTTP method that will be used to submit the form data. The two most common methods are GET and POST. GET is used to retrieve data from the server, while POST is used to send data to the server
HTML elements can be displayed in several ways, including block, inline, inline-block, and none. The display property can specify how an element should be displayed.
The main difference between “display: none” and “visibility: hidden” is that the former removes the element from the document flow, while the latter simply hides it. Elements with “display: none” are not visible and do not take up any space on the page, while elements with “visibility: hidden” are not visible but still take up space.
Links can be specified using the <a> tag. The href attribute is used to specify the URL of the page that the link should go to. The target attribute can specify where the linked page should open, such as in a new or similar window.
CSS styles can be specified in several ways, including inline, internal, and external stylesheets. Inline styles are applied directly to the HTML element using the style attribute. Internal styles are defined within the <head> section of the HTML document using the <style> tag. External stylesheets are defined in a separate CSS file and linked to the HTML document using the <link> tag.
The <link> tag links external resources, such as CSS stylesheets, to an HTML document. The <a> tag creates links to other pages or resources within the same document.
Scripts can be placed in the <head> section of the HTML document or in the <body> section. Scripts that must be executed before the page is displayed, such as scripts that define variables or functions, should be placed in the <head> section. Scripts that must be executed after the page is displayed, such as scripts that manipulate the DOM, should be placed in the <body> section.
Forms collect user data, such as login information or search queries. Forms can be created using the <form> tag, and input fields, such as text fields and checkboxes, can be added using various other tags.
Events can be handled using JavaScript, which can be included in the HTML document using the <script> tag. Event listeners can be added to HTML elements using the addEventListener() method, which allows custom code to be executed in response to user actions, such as clicks or keystrokes.
HTML5 includes several new features and improvements over previous versions, including better multimedia support, semantic elements, and better support for mobile devices. HTML5 also includes new APIs for working with web applications, such as the Geolocation API and the Canvas API.
As you get prepared for your job interview, we hope that these HTML Interview Questions have provided more insight into what types of questions you are likely to come across.
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